By these measures, Congress, so the Court ( in effect ) now decides, gave not only needless but inadequate relief, since it now appears that the federal courts have inherent power to sterilize the Act of 1875 against all proceedings challenging local regulation ''.

By the Naturalisation Act 1870, it was made possible for British subjects to renounce their nationality and allegiance, and the ways in which that nationality is lost are defined.

By virtue of Article II of the Treaty of Union, which defined the succession to the throne of Great Britain, the Act of Settlement became part of Scots Law as well.

By comparison, the former colony of the United Province of Canada ( divided into the District of Canada East, and the District of Canada West ) and the western provinces were dozens of times larger and in some cases were expanded to take in territory formerly held in British Crown grants to companies such as the Hudson's Bay Company ; in particular the November 19, 1869 sale of Rupert's Land to the Government of Canada under the Rupert's Land Act 1868 was facilitated in part by Maritime taxpayers.

By the end of the 19th century the Sherman Act, New Jersey allowing holding companies, and mergers resulted in larger corporations with dispersed shareholders.

By employing the well-established legal distinction between ordinary and hazardous work, the governor also won legislative approval for a Dangerous Trades Act that barred young workers from thirty occupations.

By 2006, such was the confusion from these multiple Acts, each amending the others ( and not all of which were ever actually commenced and thus were in the public record but not enforced as actual legislation ); and the amendments of Irish firearms legislation by other Acts ranging from the Wildlife Acts ( mostly relating to hunting law ) to the Road Traffic Acts ( relating to how and where firearms could be transported ) and others ; the large amount of secondary legislation ( Statutory Instruments, which set out regulations, the design of application forms for licences and so forth, as well as the details of when various parts of the Acts came into force ); as well as the introduction of EU firearms law into the canon of Irish legislation ; led the Irish Law Reform Commission to recommend that all the extant legislation be restated a legal process by which all the existing primary and secondary legislation would be read as one and a single document produced as the new Firearms Act ( and all prior Acts would be repealed ).

By virtue of practice directions issued under section 75 ( 1 ) of the Supreme Court Act 1981, an indictment must be tried by a High Court judge, a Circuit judge or a recorder ( which of these it is depends on the offence ).

By May 1914 the Bill had complied with the requirements set down by the Parliament Act 1911, allowing the government to force its enactment over the heads of the unionist-dominated House of Lords.

By the terms of the Local Government Act 2001, the counties of North Tipperary and South Tipperary were created.

By 1890 the atoll's entire guano deposits had been depleted ( mined out ) by U. S. interests operating under the Guano Islands Act.

By this time the " New " Labour Party was seen as a reformed and fresh alternative under the leadership of Tony Blair, and after eighteen years in office the Conservatives lost the 1997 general election in one of the worst electoral defeats since the Great Reform Act of 1832.

By fifteen he had developed his " Record Act ", in which he exaggeratedly mimed the lyrics to songs on a phonograph.

By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act ( FERA ).

By the clause in the Levant Trade Act of 1752 vessels for the United Kingdom with a foul bill ( i. e. coming from a country where plague existed ) had to repair to the lazarets of Malta, Venice, Messina, Livorno, Genoa or Marseille, to perform their quarantine or to have their cargoes sufficiently opened and aired.

By the Benefices Act 1892, a person guilty of simony is guilty of an offence for which he may be proceeded against under the Clergy Discipline Act 1892.

By October 1857, Wagner had begun the composition sketch of the first Act.

By 1893, his views on silver had evolved, and on the floor of the House of Representatives, he delivered a riveting three-hour address against repeal of the Silver Purchase Act.

By the late 17th century, the electorate of the three seats comprised the resident freemen of Monmouth, Newport and Usk, and after the Great Reform Act of 1832 the constituency was generally referred to as the Monmouth Boroughs.

By the terms of the English Act of Settlement 1701, George's mother, Sophia, was designated as the heir to the English throne if the then reigning monarch ( William III ) and his sister-in-law, Princess Anne of Denmark ( later Queen Anne ) died without surviving issue.

By the end of the year, " Babylon Deluxe " had spawned further favorites in " X-Rated ", " Gods and Monsters ", " Edge of 17 " and " Final Destination " which all were performed to the delight of the audience at Top Act in Zapfendorf on New Year's Eve.

By 18 March, an Act for the Suppression of the Lesser Monasteries, those with a gross income of less than £ 200 per annum, had passed both houses.

By the time of those opinions, political contributions to candidates in federal races by corporations had been prohibited since the Tillman Act of 1907, even though individual contributions remained unlimited.

By explicitly setting requirements and goals for the federal government to attain, the Act is markedly stronger than its predecessor.

By 1871 L. C. Orvis, manager of the `` Western Union Telegraph Company '', expressed willingness to send emergency telegrams on Sundays from his Village drugstore.

By March 1861, no leaders of the insurrection had proposed rejoining the Union on any terms.

By contrast, the National Union Party was united and energized as Lincoln made emancipation the central issue, and state Republican parties stressed the perfidy of the Copperheads.

By that September Johnson declared he was in favor of emancipation, describing slavery as a " cancer on our society ", and also succeeded in enlisting 20, 000 black troops for the Union.

By the summer of 1866 Johnson's method of restoring states to the Union by executive fiat, without safeguards for the Union Party or the freedmen, was in deep trouble.

By 1975, after a failed uprising by the Muslim Youth, President Daoud Khan started to dissociate himself from the Soviet Union and the communist party of Afghanistan.

By 2012, 26 varieties herbicide-resistant GM maize were authorised for import into the European Union ,.

By 1927, Pasternak's close friends Vladimir Mayakovsky and Nikolai Aseyev were advocating the complete subordination of the Arts to the needs of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

By the final stages of the war only the Soviet Union was still fielding mounted units in substantial numbers, some in combined mechanized and horse units.

By the time of the 28th Congress of the CPSU in July 1990, the party was largely regarded as being unable to lead the country and had, in fifteen republics, split into opposing factions favouring either independent republics or the continuation of the Soviet Union.

By 1982 the stagnation of the Soviet economy was obvious, as evidenced by the fact that the Soviet Union had been importing grain from the U. S. throughout the 1970s, but the system was so firmly entrenched that any real change seemed impossible.

By September 1706 Harley ordered Defoe to Edinburgh as a secret agent to do everything possible to help secure acquiescence in the Treaty of Union.

By the end of the week, the British had taken some of the buildings in the Union, but others remained in rebel hands.

By the early 1950s the Soviet Union had seized reparations in the form of agricultural and industrial products and demanded further heavy reparation payments.

By the 1860s, the Russian Empire – continued as the Soviet Union – became the largest contiguous state in the world, and the latter's main successor, Russia, continues to be so to this day.

By September 1945, the Third Reich ( which lasted only 12 years ) and its Axis partners ( Italy and Japan ) had been defeated, chiefly by the forces of the Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

By 1939, Italy had the highest percentage of state-owned enterprises after the Soviet Union.

By November 1954, it had become clear that the Soviet Union would reject any international custody of fissile material, but that a clearing house for nuclear transactions might be possible.

By the late 1880s, Davis began to encourage reconciliation, telling Southerners to be loyal to the Union.

By mid-afternoon, Stonewall Jackson ordered Stuart to command a turning movement with his cavalry against the Union right flank and rear, which if successful would be followed up by an infantry attack from the West Woods.

By the last statement, Ribbentrop clearly implied that the Soviet Union should be included in the anti-British alliance system he had proposed.

By that date, the following nations had deposited instruments of definitive adherence to the pact: Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Romania, the Soviet Union, the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, Siam, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey.

By the time the first national elections were held in the Federal Republic in 1949, Kiesinger had joined the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) and won a seat in the Bundestag, the West German parliament.