By the early 1920s, unit operations became an important aspect of chemical engineering at MIT and other US universities, as well as at Imperial College London.

By the 1940s, it became clear that unit operations alone was insufficient in developing chemical reactors.

By moving the unit vectors so their tails coincide, as seen in the circle at the left of the image above, it is seen that u < sub > ρ </ sub > and u < sub > θ </ sub > form a right-angled pair with tips on the unit circle that trace back and forth on the perimeter of this circle with the same angle θ ( t ) as r ( t ).

* By adding bits to each encoded unit, the redundancy allows both to detect errors in coded data and to correct them based on mathematical algorithms.

* By adding bits to each encoded unit, the redundancy allows both to detect errors in coded data and to correct them based on mathematical algorithms.

By mass-energy equivalence, the electron volt is also a unit of mass.

By working sloppily, the unskilled workers may drag down the average skill of labor, thus increasing the average labor time necessary for the production of each unit commodity.

By using discrete unit-volume droplets, a microfluidic function can be reduced to a set of repeated basic operations, i. e., moving one unit of fluid over one unit of

By stimulating a nerve-muscle motor unit with short sequences of rapid, regular electrical impulses, before and after exercising the motor unit, the fatiguability of the muscle can be measured.

By 2006-7, the Moldovan Ground Forces had been reduced to a strength of 5, 710, including three motor rifle brigades, one artillery brigade, and independent SF and engineer battalions, plus an independent guard unit.

By extension the term parish refers not only to the territorial unit but to the people of its community or congregation as well as to church property within it.

By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act ( FERA ).

By comparison to Grierson and his unit, Flaherty's habitual working methods involved shooting relatively large amounts of film in relation to the planned length of the eventual finished movie, and the ensuing cost overruns obliged Grierson to take Flaherty off the project, which was edited by other hands into three shorter films.

By the mid twentieth century the Crossbow Corps had become largely defunct, save for parading on state holidays ; but in 1956 the practice of training its members in crossbow shooting was revived, and a ' Crossbow Federation ' was formed to encourage competition in this art, so that the unit ( although still entirely ceremonial in nature ) now again has a very active existence.

By the 1730s, the teaspoon as a unit of culinary measure had increased to of a tablespoon, but the apothecary unit of measure remained the same.

By contrast, macromolecular crystallography often involves tens of thousands of atoms in the unit cell.

By about 95 AD this was replaced by a larger wooden fort built by the 9th Cohort of Batavians, a mixed infantry-cavalry unit of about 1000 men.

By the end of 1970 there were more than 200 Sheridans in Vietnam, and they stayed in the field until the last US Armored Cavalry unit, the 1st Squadron, 1st Armored Cavalry prepared for re-deployment back to the United States on 10 April 1972.

By late 1948 part of the Egyptian forces from Bethlehem to Hebron had been cut off from their lines of supply and Glubb Pasha sent 350 Arab Legionnaires and an armoured car unit to Hebron to reinforce them there.

By comparison, the decibel ( dB ) is a dimensionless unit, used for quantifying the ratio between two values, such as signal-to-noise ratio.

By the summer of 1823, Alcott returned to Connecticut in debt to his father, who bailed him out after his last two unsuccessful sales trips.

By 2008, sales in the US reached $ 14. 6 billion, the biggest selling drugs in the US by therapeutic class.

By expanding the conditions for which they were indicated, Astrazeneca's Seroquel and Eli Lilly's Zyprexa had become the biggest selling antipsychotics in 2008 with global sales of $ 5. 5 billion and $ 5. 4 billion respectively.

By the time of his death sales of the company had reached C $ 20 million, which is the equivalent of C $ 160 million in 2004 dollars.

By changing Bovril to a non-meat base, Unilever hoped to increase sales there, where people enjoy Bovril stirred into porridge.

By evaluating “ buy signals ,” marketers can see which prospects are most likely to transact and also identify those who are bogged down in a sales process and need assistance.

By the beginning of 1984, quarterly sales of the ColecoVision had dramatically decreased.

By 1990, Compaq Europe was a $ 2 billion business, and foreign sales contributed 54 percent of Compaq's revenues.

By late 2006, HP had retook the # 1 sales position of PCs from Dell, which struggled with missed estimates and poor quality, and has held that rank ever since.

By the mid-1980s, her record sales were still relatively strong, with " Save the Last Dance for Me ", " Downtown ", " Tennessee Homesick Blues " ( all 1984 ); " Real Love " ( another duet with Kenny Rogers ), " Don't Call It Love " ( both 1985 ); and " Think About Love " ( 1986 ) all reaching the country-singles Top 10.

By 1968 Thomas had increased sales in the four fried chicken restaurants so much that he sold his share in them back to Sanders for more than $ 1. 5 million.

By the 1530s, the writings of Erasmus accounted for 10 to 20 percent of all book sales.

By the time the film " The Empire Strikes Back " was released in 1980 Star Wars fanzines had surpassed Star Trek zines in sales.

By the time of Daniel Deronda, Eliot's sales were falling off, and she faded from public view to some degree.

By 1982, sales were soaring.

By 2008, worldwide sales of televisions with LCD screens exceeded annual sales of CRT units ; the CRT became obsolete for most purposes.

By the end of 2007, each episode of the original TV series averaged a sales figure of 80, 928 copies, including all of the different formats it was published in ( VHS, LD, DVD, etc .).

By allowing possession and retail sales of cannabis, but not cultivation or wholesale, the government creates numerous problems of crime and public safety, he alleges, and therefore he would like to switch to either legalising and regulating production, or to the full repression that his party ( CDA ) officially advocates.

By 1994, sales of CD-i systems had begun to slow, and in 1998 the product line was dropped.

By 1907, REO had gross sales of $ 4. 5 million and the company was one of the four wealthiest automobile manufacturers in the U. S. After 1908 however, despite the introduction of improved cars designed by Olds, REO's share of the automobile market decreased due in part to competition from emerging companies like Ford and General Motors.

By the 2000s, the majority of sales were in the United States, where the beer has proven extremely popular, although it still sells 100 million bottles annually in the UK.

By this time, his sales had decreased.

By 1916, Chevrolet was profitable enough with successful sales of the cheaper Series 490 to allow Durant to repurchase a controlling interest in General Motors.

By this point, Queen's vast amount of record sales made them the second best selling artist in the UK of all time, behind The Beatles.