By the early Heian period, the shōen had obtained legal status, and the large religious establishments sought clear titles in perpetuity, waiver of taxes, and immunity from government inspection of the shōen they held.

By virtue of finishing last the year before, the Isles were also able to claim goaltender Chris Osgood with the first pick in the waiver draft, adding a former championship goaltender without giving up any players in exchange.

By the early Heian period, the shōen had obtained legal status, and the large religious establishments sought clear titles in perpetuity, waiver of taxes, and immunity from government inspection of the shōen they held.

By 1190 Alexios Angelos had returned to the court of his younger brother, from whom he received the elevated title of sebastokratōr.

The album's title song received some pop radio airplay and crossed over to No. 96 on the Billboard Hot 100, and " 1974 ( We Were Young )" and " Saved By Love " also charted as Adult Contemporary songs.

By the 18th century, they were printed in white letter or roman type and often without much decoration ( as well as tune title ).

By giving it the title ' knowledge ', conspiracy theory is considered alongside more ' legitimate ' modes of knowing.

By September, the Dodgers were eliminated by the Rockies from playoff contention, and the Diamondbacks were expected to clinch the National League West division title.

By some accounts, in the St. Petersburg 1914 chess tournament, the title " Grandmaster " was formally conferred by Russian Tsar Nicholas II, who had partially funded the tournament.

By 451 he was designated Theologus, or Theologian by the Council of Chalcedon — a title held by no others save John the Apostle and Symeon the New Theologian.

By accommodating the conquered people's gods, religion became more polytheistic and government became somewhat more secular ; the title of lugal, big man, appears alongside the earlier religious titles, although his primary duty is still the worship of the state gods.

By the time of the movies distinct battle classes were not necessary as the Republic had not seen war in over a thousand years, and the title of Knight was simply a rank once again.

By 1857 he had accumulated over 800 pages of notes and short essays on capital, landed property, wage labour, the state, and foreign trade and the world market ; this work did not appear in print until 1941, under the title Grundrisse.

By the last game of the season, both Blackburn and Manchester were in contention for the title.

By December 15, 2010 it broke the record for longest serving spacecraft at Mars, with 3, 340 days of operation, claiming the title from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor.

By marriage, he obtained the title of count of Gravina.

By itself, it is not protected in the United States of America, where use of the name " Roget " in the title of a thesaurus does not necessarily indicate any relationship to Dr. Roget ; it has come to be seen as a generic thesaurus name, like " Webster " for dictionaries.

By changing the title, Austen added " philosophical depth " to what began as a sketch of two characters.

By this definition, Adam and Eve, Moses, the various prophets, except for the angels and archangels are all given the title of " Saint ".

That work is also found in the Buddhist Canon as a separate treatise with the longer title of " Great Master Bodhidharma ’ s Outline For Discerning the Mahayana and Entering the Way By Four Practices and Contemplation " ( 菩提達磨大師略辨大乘入道四行觀 ) Vol.

By the early 1980s, X-Men was Marvel's top-selling comic title.

By taking the title of Dominus (" lord "), he scandalizes the senatorial aristocracy.

By the late fifties, he regularly appeared on television: as Sean Connery's trainer in boxing drama Requiem for a Heavyweight ( 1957 ), with Charlie Drake in the sitcom Drake's Progress ( BBC, 1957 ) and a title role in Three ' Tough ' Guys ( ITV, 1957 ), in which he played a bungling criminal.

Lansky's 1979 computer music piece " Her Song ", from the Six Fantasies On A Poem By Thomas Campion ( re-released on the album Fantasies and Tableaux, 1994 ), has also been sampled by Caural for his song " I Won't Race You ", from his 2006 album Mirrors For Eyes, with the main synthesized vocal line of Lansky's piece being used ( and being the basis for the title of the latter ).

By resolving the schism, Sigismund restored the honour of the imperial title and made himself the most influential monarch in the west.

By the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Frederick V's son, Charles Louis was restored to the Lower Palatinate, and given a new electoral title, also called " Elector Palatine ", but lower in precedence than the other electorates.

By 1900, the White House staff included one " secretary to the president " ( then the title of the president's chief aide ), two assistant secretaries, two executive clerks, a stenographer, and seven other office personnel.

By an ordinance of Louis Philippe I of France of 13 August 1830, it was decided that the king's children ( and his sister ) would continue to bear the arms of Orléans, that Louis-Philippe's eldest son, as Prince Royal, would bear the title of duc d ' Orléans, that the younger sons would continue to have their existing titles, and that the sister and daughters of the king would only be styled " princesses d ' Orléans ", which meant the Orléans royalty did not take the name " of France ".

* Robert A. Heinlein's short story " By His Bootstraps "

By 1972, however, with only a minimum of work done on the I-95 right of way and none on the potentially massively disruptive Inner Belt, Governor Francis Sargent put a moratorium on highway construction within the MA-128 corridor, except for a short stretch of Interstate 93.

By 14 he had already written a short adventure novel called The Black Diamonds which was lost for years until published in 2002.

By assuming the earth to be flat, they arrived at a distance of 100, 000 li, a value short by three orders of magnitude.

By the late 19th century manufacturing focused on standard grades of black powder from Fg used in large bore rifles and shotguns, through FFg ( medium and smallbore arms such as muskets and fusils ), FFFg ( smallbore rifles and pistols ), and FFFFg ( extreme small bore, short pistols and most commonly for priming flintlocks ).

By far the strongest hereditary claim was that of Edgar the Ætheling, but his youth and apparent lack of powerful supporters caused him to be passed over, and he did not play a major part in the struggles of 1066, though he was made king for a short time by the Witan after the death of Harold Godwinson.

( By contrast, in cell relay networks data is transmitted in short, uniformly sized units called cells.

Following his marriage Albéniz settled in Madrid and produced a quantity of music in a relatively short period. By 1886 he had written over 50 piano pieces.

By the early 1960s a few sheds, a century of accumulated trash, the scientists ' house from the late 1950s and a solid, short lighthouse-like day beacon built two decades before were the only signs of human habitation on Jarvis.

By contrast, the " abnormal glycogen " in Lafora bodies has an excessive phosphate content and branches at abnormally short intervals.

" Musicologist Jean-Jacques Nattiez summarizes the relativist, post-modern viewpoint: " The border between music and noise is always culturally defined — which implies that, even within a single society, this border does not always pass through the same place ; in short, there is rarely a consensus ... By all accounts there is no single and intercultural universal concept defining what music might be.

By stimulating a nerve-muscle motor unit with short sequences of rapid, regular electrical impulses, before and after exercising the motor unit, the fatiguability of the muscle can be measured.

By contrast, the residency, supported by French economic interests and vigorously backed by most of the colons, adamantly refused to consider even reforms short of independence.

By contrast, decisions in civil law jurisdictions are generally very short, referring only to statutes.

* By contrast, elastic and viscous ( or intermediate, viscoelastic ) behaviour is relevant at short times ( transient behaviour ):</ br > We again consider the application of a constant stress:

By World War II torpedo boats were seriously hampered by higher fleet speeds ; although they still had a speed advantage, they could only catch the larger ships by running at very high speeds over very short distances, as demonstrated in the Channel Dash.

By the end of the 18th century, the parish registers were falling short of providing a national system of registration.

By the end of his short life, Sviatoslav carved out for himself the largest state in Europe, eventually moving his capital from Kiev ( modern day Ukraine ) to Pereyaslavets ( modern day Romania ) on the Danube in 969.

By having a short route and using mounted riders rather than traditional stagecoaches, their proposal was to establish a fast mail service between St. Joseph, Missouri, and Sacramento, California with letters delivered in 10 days, a duration many said was impossible.

By 1996 reports associated with the Aurora name dropped off in frequency, suggesting to people who believed that the aircraft existed that it had only ever been a prototype or that it had had a short service life.

The original Looney Tunes theatrical series ran from 1930 to 1969 ( the last short being Bugged By A Bee, by Robert McKimson ).

By 1939 the station's short platforms had become unsuitable for the longer trains that had come to be used for mainline services.

By itself, the IS-LM model is used to study the short run when prices are fixed or sticky and no inflation is taken into consideration.