Despite now he had his own district, Bolesław didn't pursue a foreign policy, who continue under the hands of his brother, a fact revealed during the dispute with Duke Casimir I of Kuyavia for the possession of Ladzka, who was given to him by Henry II the Pious as a dowry of his daughter Constance-Casimir I's second wife -; this decision wasn't recognized by Władysław Odonic's sons, but eventually they reconciled and even signed and an alliance with the Kuyavian Duke, which effectively ended with any attempt to change the ownership of the disputed land.

In 1651, New Netherland Governor Peter Stuyvesant had removed Fort Nassau and had it reassembled down river of Fort Christina as Fort Casimir, effectively encircling the Swedish colony.

The marriage lasted until 1363 / 1364 when Casimir again declared himself divorced.

On 29 September 1341, Casimir married his second wife, Adelaide of Hesse.

Casimir started living separately from Adelaide soon after their marriage.

King Casimir continued living with Christine despite complaints by Pope Innocent VI on behalf of Queen Adelaide.

After Aldona's death, Casimir was betrothed to Jutta's elder sister Margaret, however this betrothal was also broken and Casimir remarried to Adelaide of Hesse.

Aldona married Casimir III of Poland, when he was 15 or 16 years old.

Her husband Casimir is known for his romantic affairs: after Aldona's death he married three more times.

Born in Kowal, Casimir the Great first married Anna, or Aldona Ona, the daughter of the Prince Gediminas of Lithuania.

Casimir III married four times.

On 30 April or 16 October 1325, Casimir married Aldona of Lithuania.

In about 1365, Casimir married his fourth wife Hedwig of Żagań.

On 14 February 1479 at Frankfurt ( Oder ) he was married to Sophia of Poland ( 6 April 1464-5 October 1512 ), daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland by his wife Elisabeth of Habsburg, and sister of King Sigismund I of Poland.

George was married at Dresden, on 21 November 1496, to Barbara Jagiellon, daughter of Casimir IV, King of Poland and Elisabeth, daughter of Albrecht II of Hungary.

There were descendants of superseded daughters of Casimir III of Poland ( d. 1370 ), such as his youngest daughter Anna, Countess of Celje ( d. 1425 without surviving Issue ), and her daughter Anna of Celje ( 1380 – 1416 ) whom Władysław II Jagiełło married next.

* Elisabeth ( 1438 – 1505 ), who married Casimir IV of Poland, and whose son Vladislaus II of Bohemia later became king of Bohemia and Hungary

* Aldona, married Casimir III of Poland

** Maria Dobroniega of Kiev (~ 1012 ), the Duchess of Poland ( 1040 – 1087 ), married around 1040 to Casimir I the Restorer, Duke of Poland

In 1822, at the age of eighteen, Sand married Baron Casimir Dudevant ( 1795 – 1871 ), illegitimate son of Baron Jean-François Dudevant.

Casimir married Maria Dobroniega ( ca.

21 February 1257 ), married by 1239 to Casimir I of Kuyavia.

* Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart ( 1720 – 1788 ), aka " Bonnie Prince Charlie ", married Louise of Stolberg-Gedern and had no issue ; had affair with his cousin Marie Louise de La Tour d ' Auvergne and had issue ; had issue with his mistress Clementina Walkinshaw ;

John Casimir had married his brother's widow, Marie Louise Gonzaga (), who was a major support to the King.

Two consecutive Polish kings, Władysław IV and John II Casimir ( Polish: Jan II Kazimierz Waza ) married the same French Duchess, Marie Louise Gonzaga ( Polish: Ludwika Maria ), daughter of Charles I, Duke of Mantua ; persecuted by King Louis XIII of France for her affiance to his opponent Gaston, Duke of Orléans.

# Marie Karolina, known as Charlotte ( 25 November 1697 – 8 May 1740 ) married twice ; firstly to Frédéric Casimir de La Tour d ' Auvergne, no issue ; married again Charles Godefroy de La Tour d ' Auvergne and had issue ;

In 1360, Casimir married his first wife Kenna of Lithuania.

After a year, Casimir IV married his second wife Margaret of Masovia.

After the death of Casimir, she married Henry VIII, Duke of Lubin and Brzeg.

Casimir also had three illegitimate sons by his mistress Cudka, wife of a castellan.

Esterka was a legendary Jewish mistress of Casimir the Great.

After Charles X Gustav, the son of John Casimir, count palatine of Pfalz-Zweibrücken, succeeded his cousin Queen Christina of Sweden on the Swedish throne, Pfalz-Zweibrücken was in personal union with Sweden until 1718.

Between 1632 and 1635, Władysław IV sought to enhance his brother's influence by negotiating a marriage for John Casimir to Christina of Sweden, then to an Italian princess, but to no avail.

In 1651, the Dutch under Peter Stuyvesant established Fort Casimir at present-day New Castle, only 7 mi ( 12 km ) south of Fort Christina, in order to menace the Swedish settlement.

His first act was to cause the seizure of the Dutch Fort Casimir, which the Director-General of New Netherland, Peter Stuyvesant, had erected just below Fort Christina ( near New Castle, Delaware ) in 1651.

* 1766 – 1822 Maria Christina and Albert Casimir

They relocated the latter structure downstream of the Swedish Fort Christina, naming it Fort Casimir.

Albert was born at Ansbach and, having lost his father Casimir in 1527, he came under the guardianship of his uncle George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, a strong adherent of Protestantism.

His mother was Sophia, daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, and his wife Elisabeth of Austria.

He was the fourth son of Casimir IV Jagiellon.

Alexander was born as son of the King Casimir IV Jagiellon of Poland and Elisabeth Habsburg of Hungary, daughter of the King Albert of Hungary.

His teaching of budding young musicians continued, and among his pupils in composition ( usually vocal ) were Ludwig van Beethoven, Antonio Casimir Cartellieri, Franz Liszt, Franz Schubert and many other luminaries of the early Romantic period.

Casimir was seeking allies over the dispute of Pomerania with the Knights.

The importance of the marriage was attested by the fact that Casimir abandoned his earlier plans to marry Jutta of Bohemia.

As the great grandson of the Polish king Casimir IV Jagiellon, and as a Duke in Prussia who was fluent in Polish, Albert Frederick was seriously considered for a time as a possible candidate for the Polish throne.

It was later revised and enlarged by Sirmond, Labbeus, and Casimir Oudin.

The Battle of Berestechko (; ) was fought between the Ukrainian Cossacks, led by Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, aided by their Crimean Tatar allies, and a Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth army under King John II Casimir.

The Polish infantry centre, under the personal command of King John Casimir, advanced slowly forward.

As the battle ended, King John Casimir made the error of not pressing even harder the pursuit of the fleeing Cossacks.

Casimir III the Great () ( 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370 ) who reigned in 1333 – 1370, was the last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty, the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Duchess Hedwig of Kalisz.

When Casimir, the last Piast king of Poland, died in 1370, his nephew King Louis I of Hungary succeeded him to become king of Poland in personal union with Hungary.

Casimir the Great built many new castles ( including Wawel Castle ), reformed the Polish army and Polish civil and criminal law.

In 1355 in Buda, Casimir designated Louis I of Hungary as his successor.

His second daughter, Elisabeth, Duchess of Pomerania, bore a son in 1351, Casimir IV of Pomerania.

He was slated to become the heir, but did not succeed to the throne, dying childless in 1377, 7 years after King Casimir.

He was the only male descendant of King Casimir who lived during his lifetime.

However, Casimir III the Great submitted to the Golden Horde and undertook to pay tribute in order to avoid more conflicts.

Casimir had no legitimate sons.

King Casimir was favorably disposed toward Jews.