Modern Algerian literature, split between Arabic, Kabyle and French, has been strongly influenced by the country's recent history.

Today Algeria contains, in its literary landscape, big names having not only marked the Algerian literature, but also the universal literary heritage in Arabic and French.

English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Hebrew, Arabic, Portuguese, and Russian speakers may use the term American to refer to either inhabitants of the Americas or to U. S. nationals.

They generally have other terms specific to U. S. nationals, such as German US-Amerikaner, French étatsunien, Japanese 米国人 beikokujin, Arabic أمريكاني amriikaanii ( as opposed to the more-common أمريكي amriikii ), and Italian statunitense, but these may be less common than the term American.

The English word amber derives from the Arabic anbar, via Medieval Latin ambar and Old French ambre.

Known to the Iranians by the Pahlavi compound word kah-ruba ( from kah “ straw ” plus rubay “ attract, snatch ,” referring to its electrical properties ), which entered Arabic as kahraba ' or kahraba, it too was called amber in Europe ( Old French and Middle English ambre ).

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word " barroco ", Spanish " barroco ", or French " baroque ", all of which refer to a " rough or imperfect pearl ", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain.

The Battle of the Nile ( also known as the Battle of Aboukir Bay, in French as the Bataille d ' Aboukir or in Egyptian Arabic as معركة أبي قير البحرية ) was a major naval battle fought between British and French fleets at Aboukir Bay on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt from 1 – 3 August 1798.

The word " cipher " in former times meant " zero " and had the same origin: Middle French as < span lang =" fr "> cifre </ span > and Medieval Latin as cifra, from the Arabic صفر ṣifr = zero ( see Zero — Etymology ).

The English " cumin " derives from the Old English cymen ( or Old French cumin ), from Latin cuminum, which is the latinisation of the Greek κύμινον ( kuminon ), cognate with Hebrew כמון ( kammon ) and Arabic كمون ( kammun ).

The original Arabic name of Crete was Iqrīṭiš ( < ( της ) Κρήτης ), but after the Emirate of Crete's establishment of its new capital at ربض الخندق Rabḍ al-ḫandaq ( modern Iraklion ), both the city and the island became known as Χάνδαξ ( Khandhax ) or Χάνδακας ( Khandhakas ), which gave Latin and Venetian Candia, from which French Candie and English Candy or Candia.

Traditionally, North Africans use a food steamer ( called a كسكس kiskas in Arabic or a couscoussière in French ).

First attested in English in the mid-15th century, the word carat came from Middle French carat, in turn from Italian carato, which came from Arabic qīrāṭ ( قيراط ), which came from Greek kerátion ( κεράτιον ) meaning carob seed ( literally " small horn ")

There are two official languages in Djibouti: Arabic ( Afro-Asiatic ) and French ( Indo-European ).

Of the two main channels, Channel I uses mainly Arabic, while Channel II is dedicated to foreigners and more cultured viewers, broadcasting news in English and French as well as Arabic.

Describing Flanders as the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium is commonplace, although Jewish groups have been speaking Yiddish in Antwerp for centuries, and Flanders ' minority residents include 170 nationalities — their larger groups speaking French, Berber, Turkish, Arabic, Spanish, Italian and Polish.

* Islamopedia Online A growing resource of fatwās issued in English, French, Arabic, Urdu and Persian as well as news articles, editorials & analysis, exhibits and other original content for people interested in learning about Islam.

It is possible, Samarrai says, that French scribes, writing in Latin, attempted to transliterate the Arabic word fuyū ( the plural of fay ), which was being used by the Muslim invaders and occupiers at the time, resulting in a plurality of forms-feo, feu, feuz, feuum and others-from which eventually feudum derived.

The English word guitar, the German, and the French were adopted from the Spanish, which comes from the Andalusian Arabic, itself derived from the Latin, which in turn came from the Ancient Greek, and is thought to ultimately trace back to the Old Persian language Tar, which means string in Persian.

Since then, the series has also been dubbed into Tagalog, French, Italian, German, Arabic, Spanish, Indonesian, Malay and Portuguese.

The term aketon, originally medieval French alcottonem might be a loan from Arabic al-qutn " cotton ( definite article-the cotton )".

By the end of his life, he could converse in English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Latin, Russian, Arabic, and Turkish as well as German.

Yet, after Rousseau had given the social contract a new twist with his notion of the General Will, the same philosophy, it may be said, became the idea source of the French Revolution also.

In secret he also acted as a member of the prisoners' Central Committee, which plotted sabotage, planned a few escapes, and maintained a hidden control over the wretched French slave-laborers.

It also makes a fine introduction to the international art form with good examples of Italian and English madrigals plus several French `` chansons ''.

The Algerian pastry also contains Tunisian or French cakes and it is marketed.

Poirot also bears a striking resemblance to A. E. W. Mason's fictional detective — Inspector Hanaud of the French Sûreté — who, first appearing in the 1910 novel At the Villa Rose, predates the writing of the first Poirot novel by six years.

An abbot ( from Old English abbod, abbad, from Latin abbas (“ father ”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς ( abbas ), from Aramaic ܐܒܐ / אבא (’ abbā, “ father ”); confer German Abt ; French abbé ) is the head and chief governor of a community of monks, called also in the East hegumen or archimandrite.

In French, étasunien, from États-Unis d ' Amérique, distinguishes U. S. things and persons from the adjective américain, which denotes persons and things from the United States but may also refer to ' the Americas '; likewise, the German usages U. S .- amerikanisch and U. S .- Amerikaner observe said cultural distinction, solely denoting U. S. things and people.

The French Revolution ( 1787 – 99 ) that began during his youth was also influential: Ampère ’ s father was called into public service by the new revolutionary government, becoming a justice of the peace in a small town near Lyon.

Ampère also applied this same principle to magnetism, showing the harmony between his law and French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb ’ s law of magnetic action.

The common name alder is derived from an old Germanic root, also found to be the translation of the Old French verne for alder or copse of alders.

In French, and sometimes ( especially earlier ) also in English, the city is known as Aix-la-Chapelle ().

In reply to this the French sovereign dispatched Andrew as his ambassador to Güyük Khan ; with Longjumeau went his brother William ( also a Dominican ) and several others — John Goderiche, John of Carcassonne, Herbert " Le Sommelier ," Gerbert of Sens, Robert ( a clerk ), a certain William, and an unnamed clerk of Poissy.

* French arpent — also used in Louisiana as length and area unit of measure

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier ( also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution ; 26 August 17438 May 1794 ; ), the " father of modern chemistry ," was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology.

It is also similar to the use of quotation marks in many other languages ( including Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Catalan, Dutch and German ).

Asterix or The Adventures of Asterix (, ) is a series of French comic books written by René Goscinny and illustrated by Albert Uderzo ( Uderzo also took over the job of writing the series after the death of Goscinny in 1977 ).

Louisiana Creole ( also called French Créole ) refers to native born people of the New Orleans area who are descended from the Colonial French and / or Spanish settlers of Colonial French Louisiana, before it became part of the United States in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase.

The Centauro Wheeled Tank Destroyer of the Italian and Spanish Armies, the Chinese anti-tank gun PTL-02 and the French AMX 10 RC heavy armored car are also good examples.

Modern weapons include the Russian ZSU-23-4 Shilka and Tunguska-M1, South Korean K30 Biho and K263A1 radar-guided Vulcan, Chinese Type 95 SPAAA, Swedish CV9040 AAV, Polish PZA Loara, American M6 Bradley Linebacker and M1097 Humvee Avenger, Yugoslavian BOV-3, Canadian ADATS, aging German Gepard, Japanese Type 87 SPAAG and similar versions with the British Marksman turret ( which was also adapted for a number of other users ), Italian SIDAM 25 and Otomatic, and versions of the French AMX-13.

The French physicist Pierre Victor Auger also discovered it in 1923 upon analysis of a Wilson cloud chamber experiment and it became the central part of his PhD work.

During the same period a movement with similar aims had also developed in France under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc a French architect and theorist, famous for his " restorations " of medieval buildings.