The use of metal aircraft structures was pioneered before World War I by Breguet but would find its biggest proponent with Anthony Fokker who used chrome-molybdenum steel tubing for the fuselage structure of all his fighter designs, while the innovative German engineer Hugo Junkers developed two all-metal, single-seat fighter monoplane designs with cantilever wings: the strictly experimental Junkers J 2 private-venture aircraft, made with steel, and some forty examples of the Junkers D. I, made with corrugated duralumin, all based on his experience in creating the pioneering Junkers J 1 all-metal airframe technology demonstration aircraft of late 1915.

The earliest known attempt to use duralumin for a heavier-than-air aircraft structure occurred in 1916, when Hugo Junkers first introduced its use in the creation of the Junkers J 3's airframe, a single-engined monoplane that marked the first use of the Junkers trademark duralumin corrugated skinning.

A distinct feature of Inuvik is the use of " utilidors " – above-ground utility conduits carrying water and sewer – which are covered by corrugated steel.

The large staples found on corrugated cardboard boxes have folded legs, but they are applied from the outside and do not use an anvil ; jaw-like appendages push through the cardboard alongside the legs and bend them from the outside.

* June 30-Henry Robinson Palmer files a British patent application for corrugated iron for use in buildings.

Some farmers who prefer to pursue a chemical-free management practice often rely on the use of normal, non-dyed corrugated cardboard for use on seed-beds and vegetable areas.

Utilitarian buildings often use corrugated galvanized steel sheet siding or cladding, which often has a coloured vinyl finish.

SPAD Modelers use corrugated sheets of various thickness, such as 2 millimeter ( like the flying wings or electric gliders for which 2mm sheet are preferred ) and 4 millimeter.

A number of variations on the Quonset hut design use materials other than corrugated galvanized steel.

The height of the upper storey is generally 2. 1 metres and the roof is usually a sloping structures of timber covered with Patals ( quartzite slabs ), the well off use corrugated galvanized iron sheets.

The distinctive corrugated body work was inspired by German Junkers ( Aircraft ) of the 1930s, the three engined Junkers Ju 52, being the last to use this construction.

Post-consumer waste is material discarded after consumer use, such as old corrugated containers ( OCC ), old magazines, old newspapers ( ONP ), office paper, old telephone directories, and residential mixed paper ( RMP ).

Some of her other best-known works use faded, once-bright drinks crates ; thinly-sliced yellow Schweppes boxes ; ragged domestic items such as torn floral lino and patchy enamelware ; vernacular building materials such as galvanised tin, corrugated iron and masonite ; and fibrous, rosy cable reel ends.

The stadium was upgraded for the 2004 season, including a revamped concessions area, a partial covering of the grandstand, an improvement in the sound system, a new scoreboard, a new outer brick facade ( replacing the old corrugated tin ), which also included brand new wrought iron gates, which are positioned at both the fans, and players entrances to the stadium, which are chained shut when the Bees are away, or during the off season, when the park is not in use, new office space, new ticket booths, and a new press box.

By 1908, the terms " corrugated paper-board " and " corrugated cardboard " were both in use in the paper trade.

These, intended for competition in the major soapbox races, are sometimes made of carbon fibre and feature a monocoque design, although most use a more traditional chassis or spaceframe design with bodywork made from materials such as plywood, corrugated plastic or similar.

These metals found little practical use until the introduction of crucible steel around 300 BC.

The ability to modify the hardness of steel by heat treatment had been known since 1100 BC, and the rare material was valued for use in tool and weapon making.

Once the Bessemer process began to gain widespread use, other alloys of steel began to follow, such as mangalloy, an alloy of steel and manganese, which exhibits extreme hardness and toughness.

He designed consumer products, standardized parts, created clean-lined designs for the company's graphics, developed a consistent corporate identity, built the modernist landmark AEG Turbine Factory, and made full use of newly developed materials such as poured concrete and exposed steel.

Bronze was especially suitable for use in boat and ship fittings prior to the wide employment of stainless steel owing to its combination of toughness and resistance to salt water corrosion.

* Fall protection: Carabiners use for fall protection in US industry are classified as " connectors " and are required to meet Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard 1910. 66 App C Personal Fall Arrest System which specifies " drop forged, pressed or formed steel " construction and a minimum breaking strength of.

Mail is especially popular amongst those groups which use steel weapons.

A timber column is usually extended by the use of a steel tube or wrapped-around sheet-metal plate bolted onto the two connecting timber sections.

As steel became more widely available in Europe around the 14th century, steel prods came into use.

Some engines also use cast iron crankshafts for low output versions while the more expensive high output version use forged steel.

From the 3rd century to the 17th century, India was shipping steel ingots to the Middle East for use in Damascus steel.

In Russia, chronicles record the use of a material known as bulat steel to make highly valued weapons, including swords, knives and axes.

Nazi Germany similarly pursued an economic agenda with the aims of autarky and rearmament and imposed protectionist policies, including forcing the German steel industry to use lower-quality German iron ore rather than superior-quality imported iron.

The lower operating temperature allows them to use stainless steel instead of ceramic as the cell substrate, which reduces cost and start-up time of the system.

Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electrodeposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.

In current use, the term refers to the coating of steel or iron with zinc.

Another reason not to use hot dip zinc coating is that for bolts and nuts size M10 ( US 3 / 8 ") or smaller, the thick hot-dipped coating fills in too much of the threads, which reduces strength ( because the dimension of the steel prior to coating must be reduced for the fasteners to fit together ).

The most common materials are steel and aluminum, but specialized shoes may include use of rubber, plastic, magnesium, titanium, or copper.

Other sources report that Hannibal told his father, " I swear so soon as age will permit ... I will use fire and steel to arrest the destiny of Rome.

otherwise, you'll have to spend a few minutes to either attach a suitable spring clip somewhere on the press head or fit the key to a length of light chain and fasten to the bottom of the motor mount so that the key is out of the way when not in use.

One method of building a mooring is to use three or more conventional anchors laid out with short lengths of chain attached to a swivel, so no matter which direction the vessel moves one or more anchors will be aligned to resist the force.

The use of stronger bridges using plaited bamboo and iron chain was visible in India by about the 4th century.

Most bicycles use a chain to transmit power to the rear wheel.

Some, mainly utility, bicycles use hub gears with between 3 and 14 ratios, but most use the generally more efficient dérailleur system, by which the chain is moved between different cogs called chainrings and sprockets in order to select a ratio.

Modern computer buses can use both parallel and bit serial connections, and can be wired in either a multidrop ( electrical parallel ) or daisy chain topology, or connected by switched hubs, as in the case of USB.

) Since either player can make use of any hopping ' ladder ' or ' chain ' created, more advanced strategy involves hindering an opposing player, in addition to helping oneself find jumps across the board.

However, with the use of modern culture techniques and polymerase chain reaction testing, HIV can be demonstrated in virtually all patients with AIDS.

Machine embroidery, arising in the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, mimics hand embroidery, especially in the use of chain stitches, but the " satin stitch " and hemming stitches of machine work rely on the use of multiple threads and resemble hand work in their appearance, not their construction.

Some performers use a noise gate pedal at the end of a chain to reduce unwanted noise and hum introduced by overdrive units or vintage gear.

They always use the activation of adenylate cyclase as the next step in the signal chain.

To operate the crowning armillary sphere, this clocktower featured an escapement mechanism and the world's oldest known use of an endless power-transmitting chain drive.

In mid-August 2012, the company announced that it will be establishing a chain of 100 economy hotels in Europe but, unlike its few existing hotels in Scandinavia, they will not carry the Ikea name nor will they use Ikea furniture and furnishings-they will be operated by an unnamed international group of hoteliers.

These machines are mechanically similar since all three types use a handle connected to a flywheel by rope, chain, or strap to provide resistance to the user – the types differ only in braking mechanism.

Equivocation is the use in a syllogism ( a logical chain of reasoning ) of a term several times, but giving the term a different meaning each time.

Nuclear fission weapons must use an extremely high quality, highly-enriched fuel exceeding the critical size and geometry ( critical mass ) in order to obtain an explosive chain reaction.

One particular polymerase, from the thermophilic bacterium, Thermus aquaticus ( Taq ) ( PDB 1BGX, EC 2. 7. 7. 7 ) is of vital commercial importance due to its use in the polymerase chain reaction, a widely used technique of molecular biology.

Pubs for use in a chain are bought and sold in large units, often from regional breweries which are then closed down.

Ribosomes can bind to an mRNA chain and use it as a template for determining the correct sequence of amino acids in a particular protein.

In many cases the supply chain includes the collection of goods after consumer use for recycling.

Although the use of global sources in the supply chain of organizations can be traced back several decades ( e. g., in the oil industry ), it was not until the late 1980s that a considerable number of organizations started to integrate global sources into their core business.

The use of burundanga ( aka scopolamine ) impregnated credit cards to attack and to rob isolated people is often propagated by chain emails, although many of these are debunked by sites specialized to do so.

Optimized Markov chain algorithms which use local searching heuristic sub-algorithms can find a route extremely close to the optimal route for 700 to 800 cities.