The so-called Golden Bull of Sicily (, ) was a decree issued by King Frederick II of Germany in Basel on 26 September 1212 that confirmed the royal title obtained by Ottokar I of Bohemia in 1198, declaring him and his heirs Kings of Bohemia.

# Bourgogne of Lusignan ( 1176 – 1180 or c. 1178 – c. 1210 ), married as his third wife Raymond VI of Toulouse 1193, repudiated and divorced 1194 or 1196 without issue, married Gauthier I de Montfaucon aka Walter of Montbéliard ( killed in action at the Battle of Satalia, June 20, 1212 ) 1197 or bef.

In 1212, King Přemysl Otakar I ( bearing the title " king " since 1198 ) extracted a Golden Bull of Sicily ( a formal edict ) from the emperor Frederick II., confirming the royal title for Otakar and his descendants and the Duchy of Bohemia was raised to a kingdom.

* November 11 – King Sancho I of Portugal ( d. 1212 )

* Otto I van Gelre ( 1212 – 1215 )

In spite of this defeat, Theodore was able to take advantage of the death of David Megaskomnenos, the brother of Emperor Alexios I of Trebizond in 1212 and to extend his own control over Paphlagonia.

A successful soldier from a military family, in 1212, John was chosen by Emperor Theodore I Laskaris as husband for his daughter Irene Laskarina and as heir to the throne.

John III Doukas Vatatzes married first Irene Lascarina, the daughter of his predecessor Theodore I Laskaris in 1212.

* Maria of Montferrat ( 1192 – 1212 ), queen regnant of Jerusalem, daughter of Isabella I of Jerusalem and Conrad of Montferrat and mother of Isabella II of Jerusalem

Another of the villages that constitute today's Sopot, Świemirowo, was first mentioned in 1212 in a document by Mestwin I, who granted it to the Premonstratensian ( Norbertine ) monastery in nearby Żukowo.

The small community that developed obtained its Libertas as a " free city " from Henry I, Duke of Brabant in about 1212.

* Philip I of Namur, ( 1175 – 1212 )

In 1211, after some desultory operations, he concluded a five years ' truce with Malik-el-Adil ; in 1212 he lost his wife, who left him a daughter, Yolande ( also known as Isabella ); soon afterwards he married the princess Stephanie, daughter of Leo I, King of Armenia.

Sancho I (), nicknamed " the Populator " (), King of Portugal ( 11 November 1154 – 26 March 1212, both Coimbra ) was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fourth child of Afonso I of Portugal by his wife, Maud of Savoy.

Yolanda was, in her own right, Marchioness of Namur, which she inherited from her uncle, Marquis Philip I, in 1212 and left to her eldest son, Marquis Philip II, when she went to Constantinople in 1216.

Coat of Arms of Peter I, Duke of Brittany and his successors. However, in 1212 King Philip II of France needed to find a weak and faithful ruler for Brittany.

* Philip I, Marquis of Namur ( 1175 – 1212 )

* Philip I, Marquis of Namur ( 1175 – 1212 )

Malatesta ( I ) da Verucchio ( 1212 – 1312 ) was the founder of the powerful Italian Malatesta family and a famous condottiero.

Daniel I of Galicia or Daniel Romanovych or Danylo Halytskyi () was a King of Galicia ( Halych ) ( 1205 – 1255 ), Peremyshl ( 1211 ), and Volodymyr ( 1212 – 1231 ).

The cities were granted as a fief in 1211 – 1212 to Otto of La Roche, Duke of Athens, by Geoffrey I of Villehardouin, Prince of Achaea.

* Sancho I of Portugal ( 1154 – 1212 ), Roman Catholic monarch

Early in 1212 Llywelyn had regained the Perfeddwlad and burned the castle at Ystwyth. Llywelyn's revolt caused John to postpone his invasion of France, and Philip Augustus, the King of France, was so moved as to contact Prince Llywelyn I and proposed they ally against the English king King John ordered the execution by hanging of his Welsh hostages, the sons of many of Llywelyn's supporters Llywelyn I was the first prince to receive the fealty of other Welsh lords with the 1216 Council of Aberdyfi, thus becoming the de facto Prince of Wales and giving substance to the Aberffraw claims.

poly 1212 1092 1000 1120 844 1120 952 444 988 464 1024 416 1040 380 1096 368 1104 388 1216 424 1212 592 1268 616 1260 792 1284 800 1260 992 1220 992 1192 1056 1160 1076 Galolhu

While it is not clear when precisely the church was further raised to the status of cathedral, a unique move in a city with an existing cathedral, it was probably after 1192, and Comyn's successor as Archbishop, Henry de Loundres, was elected in 1212 by the chapters of both Christ Church and St Patrick's, this election being recognised by Pope Innocent III.

# Maria ( 1192 – 1212 ), succeeded Isabella as Queen of Jerusalem.

Maria of Montferrat ( or Maria of Jerusalem ) ( 1192 – 1212 ) was Queen of Jerusalem, the daughter of Conrad of Montferrat and Isabella, Queen of Jerusalem.

Tertöns of outstanding importance were Padmasambhava ( 1124 – 1192 ), Guru Chowang ( 1212 – 1270 ), Rigdzin Gödem ( 1307 – 1408 ), Dorje Lingpa ( 1346-1405 ), Ratna Lingpa ( 1403 – 1478 ), Pema Lingpa ( 1450 – 1521 ), Migyur Dorje ( 1645 – 1667 ), and Jigme Lingpa ( 1729-1798 ), Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo ( 1820 – 1892 ) and Orgyen Chokgyur Lingpa ( 1829 – 1870 ).

# Count Bernhard of Anhalt ( 1140 – 9 February 1212 ), Duke of Saxony from 1180-1212 as Bernard III

* 1272 – Zita, Italian saint ( b. 1212 )

* Capetian House of Vermandois ( 1085 – 1212 )

* 15 Dukes and Duchess of Brittany ( 1212 – 1345, 1364 – 1532 )

* 1212 – Hōnen, Japanese religious reformer ( b. 1133 )

** Henry ( VII ) 1212 – 1217 ( nominal king under his father )

* 1212 – The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground.

* 1212 – Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: after Pope Innocent III calls European knights to a crusade, forces of Kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal defeat those of the Berber Muslim leader Almohad, thus marking a significant turning point in the Reconquista and in the medieval history of Spain.

* 1212 – Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan ( d. 1235 )

* 1212 — The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in Iberia sees the beginning of a rapid Christian reconquest of the southern half of the Iberian peninsula, mainly from 1230 – 1248, with the defeat of Moorish forces.

* Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor is excommunicated and forced to abdicate as Emperor and King of Burgundy, replaced by Frederick II ( King of the Romans 1212 – 1250 ).

* August 31 – Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan ( b. 1212 )

* 24 terms: Henry Fitz-Ailwin de Londonestone ( 1189 – 1212 )

* Merneptah, Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt ( 1212 BC – 1202 BC )

The king ( 1211 – 1223 ), was no warrior, but in 1212 a Portuguese contingent aided the Castilians to defeat the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa, and in 1217 the ministers, bishops and captains of the realm, reinforced by foreign crusaders, retook Alcácer do Sal.

* Merneptah, Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt ( 1212 BC – 1202 BC )

( March 22, 1212 – August 31, 1234 ) was the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

His nephew Azzo d ' Este VI ( 1170 – 1212 ) became podestà of Mantua and Verona.

The city of Elne was valiantly defended by the so-called bâtard de Roussillon (" bastard of Roussillon "), the illegitimate son of Nuño Sánchez, late count of Roussillon ( 1212 – 1242 ).

* Dirk II van Are ( van Ahr ) ( 1197 / 8 – 1212 )