As capitalism in the 20th century has become increasingly dependent upon force and violence for its survival, the private detective is placed in a serious dilemma.

Of the handful of painters that Austria has produced in the 20th century, only one, Oskar Kokoschka, is widely known in the U.S..

Together they had probably done more than any other men to help push Laos toward the 20th century -- constructively.

So far as I know, the Comedie has never put Moliere's people in the costumes of the 20th century, but they do reinterpret plays and characters.

Famous novelists of the 20th century include Mohammed Dib, Albert Camus, Kateb Yacine and Ahlam Mosteghanemi while Assia Djebar is widely translated.

As such, anthropology has been central in the development of several new ( late 20th century ) interdisciplinary fields such as cognitive science, global studies, and various ethnic studies.

From its beginnings in the early 19th century through the early 20th century, anthropology in the United States was influenced by the presence of Native American societies.

While the analysis of variance reached fruition in the 20th century,

Until the 20th century, the term asphaltum was also used.

These alphabets have since been replaced with the Latin alphabet, except for decorative usage for which the runes remained in use until the 20th century.

During the 20th century BC the Indo-European Hittites entered the region and gradually established a great empire which was destroyed by invaders in the 12th century.

Portugal has been present in Angola for 400 years, occupied the territory in the 19th and early 20th century, and ruled over it for about 50 years.

Chokwe peoples, Angola, early 20th century.

With the development of fast Internet in the last part of the 20th century along with advances in computer controlled telescope mounts and CCD cameras ' Remote Telescope ' astronomy is now a viable means for amateur astronomers not aligned with major telescope facilities to partake in research and deep sky imaging.

* Atlas Press ( tool company ) of Kalamazoo, Michigan, the largest supplier of machine tools to the hobbyist market in the middle of the 20th century

In 1998, the Modern Library ranked A Clockwork Orange 65th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

One of the numerous cuneiform records dated circa 20th century BC, found in Anatolia at the Assyrian colony of Kanesh uses an advanced system of trading computations and credit lines.

The north western coasts of Anatolia were inhabited by Greeks of the Achaean / Mycenaean culture from the 20th century BC, related to the Greeks of south eastern Europe and the Aegean.

Anatolia remained multi-ethnic until the early 20th century ( see the rise of nationalism under the Ottoman Empire ).

The Church of England ( which until the 20th century included the Church in Wales ) initially separated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1538 in the reign of King Henry VIII, reunited in 1555 under Queen Mary I and then separated again in 1570 under Queen Elizabeth I ( the Roman Catholic Church excommunicated Elizabeth I in 1570 in response to the Act of Supremacy 1559 ).

James Joyce was a prominent Irish author of the 20th century.

The traditional culture of farming, cheesemaking, and woodworking still exists in Alpine villages, although the tourist industry began to grow early in the 20th century and expanded greatly after World War II to become the dominant industry by the end of the century.

At the turn of the 20th century, a conservative anti-imperialist movement, the Boxer Rebellion, violently revolted against foreign suppression over vast areas in Northern China.

New Confucianism is an intellectual movement of Confucianism that began in the early 20th century in Republican China, and revived in post-Mao era contemporary China.

This was partially a continuation of the condemnations of Confucianism by intellectuals and activists in the early 20th Century as a cause of the ethnocentric close-mindedness and refusal of the Qing Dynasty to modernize that led to the tragedies that befell China in the 19th Century.

In China, the potential of the crank of converting circular motion into reciprocal one never seems to have been fully realized, and the crank was typically absent from such machines until the turn of the 20th century.

As the Chinese Ambassador to the FSM Zhang Weidong observed on the 20th anniversary of relations between the two countries, trade between China and the FSM had gone from " almost zero to $ 9. 5 million in 2007.

In the 20th century, the regimes of Communist Eastern Europe and Communist China were explicitly anti-religious.

Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term " Age of Imperialism " generally refers to the activities of nations such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States in the early 18th through the middle 20th centuries, e. g., the " The Great Game " in Persian lands, the " Scramble for Africa " and the " Open Door Policy " in China.

Revolutionary socialist governments espousing Marxist concepts took power in a variety of countries in the 20th century, leading to the formation of such socialist states as the Soviet Union in 1922 and the People's Republic of China in 1949.

Marx predicted the eventual fall of capitalism, to be replaced by socialism, yet since the late 20th century state socialism is in retreat, as the Soviet Union collapsed, and the People's Republic of China shifted towards a market economy.

In the late 19th-and early 20th centuries, although some boundary agreements were signed between Great Britain, Afghanistan and Russia over the northern borders of Kashmir, China never accepted these agreements, and the official Chinese position did not change with the communist revolution in 1949.

Cultivation spread from China in the early 20th century, when seeds were introduced to New Zealand by Mary Isabel Fraser, the principal of Wanganui Girls ' College, who had been visiting mission schools in Yichang, China.

" Golden Orchid Associations " in Southern China existed into the 20th century and promoted formal marriages between women, who were then allowed to adopt children.

Since the early 20th century, a form of standardized Mandarin ( described above ) has been the official and de facto national standard language in China and it is today one of the most frequently used varieties of Chinese among Chinese diaspora communities internationally.

Prior to China's adoption of communism, Confucianism remained the dominant political philosophy of China up to the 20th century.

Finally, the nature of Yongying command structure fostered nepotism and cronyism amongst its commanders whom as they ascended the bureaucratic ranks laid the seeds to Qing's eventual demise and the outbreak of regional warlordism in China during the first half of the 20th century.

The People's Republic of China, North Korea, Laos and Vietnam are Asian countries remaining from the wave of Marxism-Leninist implemented socialism in the 20th century.

Wade – Giles was a common system of transcription in the English-speaking world for most of the 20th century, used in several standard reference books and in all books about China published in western countries before 1979.

studied temperatures in China during the past 2000 years ; they found high uncertainty prior to the 16th century but good consistency over the last 500 years, highlighted by the two cold periods 1620s – 1710s and 1800s – 1860s, and the warming during the 20th century.

In the 20th and 21st century, law in China has been a complex mix of traditional Chinese approaches and Western influences.

Ch ' ü concludes that the gradual process of Confucianisation of law was the most significant development in the legal system of China prior to 20th century modernization.

Despite its loss of influence during the Tang Dynasty, Confucianist doctrine remained a mainstream Chinese orthodoxy for two millennia until the 20th century, when it was attacked by radical Chinese thinkers as a vanguard of a pre-modern system and an obstacle to China's modernization, eventually culminating in its repression during the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China.

Chinatowns in Asia are widespread with a large concentration of overseas Chinese in East Asia and Southeast Asia and ethnic Chinese whose ancestors came from southern China – particularly the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, and Hainan – and settled in countries such as Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam centuries ago — starting as early as the Tang Dynasty, but mostly notably in the 17th through the 19th centuries ( during the reign of the Qing Dynasty ), and well into the 20th century.

* Foot binding, a custom practiced on young girls and women in China, beginning in the 10th century and ending in the first half of 20th century