Captain Heard did not communicate with any strange vessels because of the possibility of war between the United States and Britain.

) of Celtic art forms and a considerable proportion of the Celtic population, reject any institutional legacy from pre-Anglo-Saxon Britain.

In early 1776, Thomas Paine argued in the closing pages of the first edition of Common Sense that the “ custom of nations ” demanded a formal declaration of American independence if any European power were to mediate a peace between the Americans and Great Britain.

Governor Gawler took over from Hindmarsh in late 1838 and, despite being under orders from the Select Committee on South Australia in Britain not to undertake any public works, promptly oversaw construction of a governor's house, the Adelaide Gaol, police barracks, a hospital, a customs house and a wharf at Port Adelaide.

Thus, during the abdication crisis of 1936, caused by Edward VIII's desire to marry Wallis Simpson, the consent of all realms concerned, along with, in some cases, new acts of parliament, was required in Britain and throughout the British Dominions to allow for Edward's stepping aside and to ensure that if he had any children they would have no claim to the thrones.

Bede's account of the early migrations of the Angles and Saxons to England omits any mention of a movement of those peoples across the channel from Britain to Brittany described by Procopius, who was writing in the sixth century.

By the Victorian era, ballad had come to mean any sentimental popular song, especially so-called " royalty ballads ", which publishers would pay popular singers to perform in Britain and the United States in " ballad concerts.

In the meantime, Britain should halt the flight of planes armed with nuclear weapons, end nuclear testing, not proceed with missile bases and not provide nuclear weapons to any other country.

Most imperial powers had not foreseen a need to prepare their colonies for independence ; for example, Britain had given limited self-rule to India and Sri Lanka, while treating British Somaliland as little more than a trading post, while all major decisions for French colonies were made in Paris and Belgium prohibited any self-government up until it suddenly granted independence to its colonies in 1960.

Russian and British troops were quickly alerted, but the two powers reached a compromise ; Russia was in possession of the oasis, and Britain believed it could keep the Russians from advancing any farther.

Although his reign ended abruptly, he achieved some notable successes, and his efforts failed as much due to the centrifugal forces of tribal Afghanistan and the machinations of Russia and Britain as to any political folly on his part.

In 1865, there was outbreak of cholera in Britain, affecting both rich and poor, and in their panic, some people forgot any prejudices they had in relation to a female doctor.

The Communist Party of Britain and The Socialist Workers Party, neither of which have any considerable power or influence, with not one seat in Parliament nor in a local council, both criticise the European Union from an ultra-left perspective and their " scepticism " is a form of left-wing euroscepticism although its adherents may reject the term.

The absence of any ruling about matches played before 1947 ( or before 1895 in Great Britain ) has caused problems for cricket historians and especially statisticians who have been forced to compile their own matchlists.

* 1711-The British government, then in the hands of the Tories, covertly ordered the British Gibraltar governor, Thomas Stanwix, to expel any foreign ( not British ) troops ( to foster Great Britain's sole right to Gibraltar in the negotiations running up between Britain and France ).

: In that treaty, Spain ceded Great Britain " the full and entire propriety of the town and castle of Gibraltar, together with the port, fortifications, and forts thereunto belonging ... for ever, without any exception or impediment whatsoever.

Following the bird's extinction, remains of the Great Auk increased dramatically in value, and auctions of specimens created intense interest in Victorian Britain, where 15 specimens are now located, the largest number of any country.

Some English government officials felt that Louis Bonaparte was seeking foreign adventure in the spirit of his uncle — Napoleon I. Consequently, these officials felt that any close association with Louis Bonaparte would eventually lead Britain into another series of wars, like the wars with France and Napoleon dating from 1793 until 1815.

The overall picture of continuity suggests this was not accompanied by any substantial movement of population ; crucially, only a single Hallstatt burial is known from Britain, and even here the evidence is inconclusive.

Some areas, like the thinly populated Island of Lewis and Harris suffered some of the highest proportional losses of any part of Britain.

Clause 2 provided that Britain " should use its best endeavours to ensure than an area situated in the territory of the Jewish State, including a seaport and hinterland adequate to provide facilities for a substantial immigration, shall be evacuated at the earliest possible date and in any event not later than 1 February 1948 ".

The figure of Columba looms large in any history of Dál Riata and his founding of a monastery on Iona ensured that the kingdom would be of great importance in the spread of Christianity in northern Britain.

Godwin's political views were diverse and do not perfectly agree with any of the ideologies that claim his influence ; writers of the Socialist Standard, organ of the Socialist Party of Great Britain, consider Godwin both an individualist and a communist ; anarcho-capitalist Murray Rothbard did not regard Godwin as being in the individualist camp at all, referring to him as the " founder of communist anarchism "; and historian Albert Weisbord considers him an individualist anarchist without reservation.

The United States, reflecting concerns raised by Great Britain, ultimately hoped to avoid having any European power take over Spain's colonies.

Madison and Jefferson had also decided on an embargo to punish Britain and France, which forbade American trade with any foreign nation.

* G. D. Schmidt, The Iconography of the Mouth of Hell: Eighth-Century Britain to the Fifteenth Century, 1995, Selinsgrove, PA, Susquehanna University Press, 1995, ISBN 0-945636-69-5

According to a report by the Arab Organization for Human Rights in Britain, the PA has used torture on a systematic basis for years.

According to the studies of James Curran, the system of shared values among editors in Britain has generated a pressure among authors to write to fit the editors ' expectations, removing the focus from the reader-audience and putting a strain on the relationship between authors and editors and on writing as a social act.

In addition to his scientific work, he was a social activist who was critical of what he considered to be an unjust social and economic system in 19th-century Britain.

Barge and canal systems were nonetheless of great, perhaps even primary, economic importance until after World War I in Europe, particularly in the more developed nations of the Low Countries, France, Germany, Poland, and especially Great Britain which more or less made the system characteristically its own.

The railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world ; the world's first locomotive-hauled public railway opened in 1825.

A second edition of the system ( BC2 ) has been developed in Britain since 1977.

In other words, if an ' uninhabited ' or ' infidel ' territory is colonized by Britain, then the English law automatically applies in this territory from the moment of colonization ; however if the colonized territory has a pre-existing legal system, the native law would apply ( effectively a form of indirect rule ) until formally superseded by the English law, through Royal Prerogative subjected to the Westminster Parliament.

Essentially, every country that was colonised at some time by England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom uses common law except those that were formerly colonised by other nations, such as Quebec ( which follows the law of France in part ), South Africa and Sri Lanka ( which follow Roman Dutch law ), where the prior civil law system was retained to respect the civil rights of the local colonists.

The Continent, to Britain, has different electrical plugs, a different timezone, a different currency, drives on the right, uses the Metric system exclusively, etc.

While Britain, Australia and New Zealand have traditionally employed the European usage ( below ), they have been moving to the U. S. system more recently.

Much of the expertise and equipment had to be acquired from abroad, notably from Britain, whose canal system was the most advanced in the world at that time.

Large meetings were held, including a three-day event in Bedfordshire, the precursor of the present Britain Yearly Meeting system.

It is possible that the Celtic languages developed or spread to England as part of this system ; by the end of the Iron Age at the very least there is ample evidence that they were spoken across the whole of England, as well as the Western parts of Britain.

In Britain, a governor's role was primarily military, but numerous other tasks were also his responsibility such as maintaining diplomatic relations with local client kings, building roads, ensuring the public courier system functioned, supervising the civitates and acting as a judge in important legal cases.

To assist him in legal matters he had an adviser, the legatus iuridicus, and those in Britain appear to have been distinguished lawyers perhaps because of the challenge of incorporating tribes into the imperial system and devising a workable method of taxing them.

The Church in Britain seems to have developed the customary diocesan system, as evidenced from the records of the Council of Arles in Gaul in 314: represented at the Council were bishops from thirty-five sees from Europe and North Africa, including three bishops from Britain, Eborius of York, Restitutus of London, and Adelphius, possibly a bishop of Lincoln.

The clearances followed patterns of agricultural change throughout Britain, but were particularly notorious as a result of the late timing, the lack of legal protection for year-by-year tenants under Scots law, the abruptness of the change from the traditional clan system, and the brutality of many evictions.

Although starting the whole system at once was politically expedient, it delayed completion, and forced even more reliance on temporary experts brought in from Britain.

This plan, defined as the mandate system, was adopted by the " Council of Ten " ( the heads of government and foreign ministers of the main Allied powers: Britain, France, the United States, Italy, and Japan ) on 30 January 1919 and transmitted to the League of Nations.

Murray was also criticised by Simpson for her " passionate system building ," developing her own image of a " rigidly codified and uniform system throughout Britain and Europe " that had its own set " Rites of initiation, dates for festivals, sabbath rituals, discipline and hierarchy within covens.

On 4 January 1948, Burma achieved independence from Britain, and became a democracy based on the parliamentary system.

In Britain, there were many protests about the government's proposal to replace the aging Trident weapons system with a newer model.

** Their Finest Hour: The Battle of Britain and Operation Sea Lion, GDW ( 1982 ), boardgame: part of GDW's Europa system.

In Britain, the House of Commons telephone and computer exchange also has a pneumatic tube system in place.