The term is a calque of the Latin bellum civile which was used to refer to the various civil wars of the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.

In loanword terminology, English Taoism / Daoism is a " calque ", " loan-rendering ", or " hybrid " that blends a borrowed word with a native element, for example, chopstick ) blends Chinese Pidgin English chop (< Cantonese kàp, pinyin kuài 快 " fast ; quick ") with English stick.

It is a calque ( word-for-word translation ) of the Greek word, euangelion ( eu-" good ",-angelion " message ").

The English word commonwealth is a calque ( literal translation ) of res publica, and its use in English is closer to how the Romans used the term res publica.

The name " whitedish " is a modern term used by some historians, though the name historically was either a direct translation from or a calque of the Old French term.

The term trace is a calque from the German Spur ( cognate with the English spoor ), which, as a function in mathematics, is often abbreviated to " Sp ".

His vocabulary is almost entirely classical, with only a few medieval constructions such as " loricator " ( someone who makes armour, a calque of the Arabic " zarra ") and " assellare " ( to empty one's bowels ).

The name is derived from Old English Wōdnesdæg and Middle English Wednesdei, " day of Wodanaz ", ultimately a calque of dies Mercurii " day of Mercury.

The name is a calque of the Latin dies Mercurii " day of Mercury ", reflecting the fact that the Germanic god Woden ( Wodanaz or Odin ) during the Roman era was interpreted as " Germanic Mercury ".

It is a calque of Greek, a term first attested, together with the system of naming the seven weekdays after the seven classical planets, in the Anthologiarum by Vettius Valens ( ca.

By contrast, a calque or loan translation is a related concept where the meaning or idiom is borrowed rather than the lexical item itself.

The word loanword is itself a calque of the German Lehnwort, while calque is a loanword from French.

Rivendell is a direct translation or calque of the Sindarin name Imladris, both meaning " deep valley of the cleft ".

The term is a calque of Latin angulus rectus ; here rectus means " upright ", referring to the vertical perpendicular to a horizontal base line.

The term quarter note is a calque ( loan translation ) of the German term Viertelnote.

The word is an Old Church Slavonic calque of Massaliani, the Syriac name of the sect corresponding to the Greek Euchites.

In linguistics, a calque () or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word ( Latin: " verbum pro verbo ") or root-for-root translation.

" Loanword " is a calque of the German " Lehnwort ", just as " loan translation " is of " Lehnübersetzung ".

It is clear that, while most writers enjoy picturing the Negro as a woolly-headed, humble old agrarian who mutters `` yassuhs '' and `` sho' nufs '' with blissful deference to his white employer ( or, in Old South terms, `` massuh '' ), this stereotype is doomed to become in reality as obsolete as Caldwell's Lester.

All but the most rabid of Confederate flag wavers admit that the Old Southern tradition is defunct in actuality and sigh that its passing was accompanied by the disappearance of many genteel and aristocratic traditions of the reputedly languid ante-bellum way of life.

As Sir Charles Oman once said, `` it is no longer fashionable to declare that we can say nothing certain about Old English origins ''.

The New English Bible ( the Old Testament and Apocrypha will be published at a future date ) has not been planned to rival or replace the King James Version, but, as its cover states, it is offered `` simply as the Bible to all those who will use it in reading, teaching, or worship ''.

Old Chris is my ideal.

Old Order, acted and atonally sung by Grunnfeu Arapacis, the lovely Serbantian import, then entered and delivered the well-known invocation to the god Phineoppus, whereupon the stage is quite unexpectedly visited by a company of wandering Gorshek priests, symbolizing Love, Lust, Prudence and General Motors, respectively.

Old Mr. Pocket's frantic response to life imprisonment with a useless, social-climbing wife is to `` put his two hands into his disturbed hair '' and `` make an extraordinary effort to lift himself up by it '', whereas Joe Gargery endures the shrewish onslaughts of Mrs. Joe by apologetically drawing `` the back of his hand across and across his nose ''.

The party is to raise money for the Old Town Art center and to plant more crabapple trees along the streets of Old Town.

The house is on Old Annapolis road a mile south of Severna Park, at Jones Station, police said.

Stagecoach Days is the theme for the weekend on the Old Chisholm Trail.

`` A Toast To The Bride '', sung by Clarence Nordstrom, playing a character called Old Man Toomey, is quite simple, direct and touching.

Old Mr. Thom is already down on Wally, and we simply can't afford to get Ken mad at us '' --

It is the belief of Old Babylonian scholars such as Carruccio that Old Babylonians " may have used the abacus for the operations of addition and subtraction ; however, this primitive device proved difficult to use for more complex calculations ".

Some adaptations of the Latin alphabet are augmented with ligatures, such as æ in Old English and Icelandic and Ȣ in Algonquian ; by borrowings from other alphabets, such as the thorn þ in Old English and Icelandic, which came from the Futhark runes ; and by modifying existing letters, such as the eth ð of Old English and Icelandic, which is a modified d. Other alphabets only use a subset of the Latin alphabet, such as Hawaiian, and Italian, which uses the letters j, k, x, y and w only in foreign words.

Another notable script is Elder Futhark, which is believed to have evolved out of one of the Old Italic alphabets.

The Old Hungarian script is a contemporary writing system of the Hungarians.

The earliest known alphabet in the wider sense is the Wadi el-Hol script, believed to be an abjad, which through its successor Phoenician is the ancestor of modern alphabets, including Arabic, Greek, Latin ( via the Old Italic alphabet ), Cyrillic ( via the Greek alphabet ) and Hebrew ( via Aramaic ).

It is the Atlantic that separates the " Old World " from the " New World ".

Poetry in Persian life is far more than a common ground on which -- in a society deeply fissured by antagonisms -- all may stand.

Poetry for a Persian is nothing less than truth and beauty.

Here in these little rooms -- or stages arched open to the sky and river -- they choose a few lines out of the hundreds they may know and sing them according to one of the modes into which Persian music is divided.

Arabic is also widely used, sometimes as an abjad ( as with Urdu and Persian ) and sometimes as a complete alphabet ( as with Kurdish and Uyghur ).

Afghanistan ( Persian / Pashto:, Afġānistān ), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country forming part of South Asia, Central Asia, and to some extent Western Asia.

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( originating from al-Khwārizmī, the famous Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī ) is a step-by-step procedure for calculations.

One of Avicenna's important Persian work is the Daaneshnaame ( literally: the book of knowledge ) for Prince ' Ala ad-Daulah ( the local Buyid ruler ).

Persian poetry from Ibn Sina is recorded in various manuscripts and later anthologies such as Nozhat al-Majales.

In Turkish, Germany is Almanya and German is Alman, and in Persian Germany is Almaan, and German is Almaani.

Ahmad Shah Durrani ( c. 1722 – 1773 ) ( Pashto /), also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī ( Pashto / Persian: احمد شاه ابدالي ) and born as Ahmad < u > Kh </ u > ān, was the founder of the Durrani Empire ( Afghan Empire ) in 1747 and is regarded by many to be the founder of the modern state of Afghanistan .</ poem >

He is generally considered a world conquest military genius, given his successful strategy: he attempted to close all the Indian Ocean naval passages to the Atlantic, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and to the Pacific, transforming it into a Portuguese mare clausum established over the Ottoman power and their Muslim and Hindu allies .< ref >

Anah, or Ana, is an Iraqi town on the Euphrates river, approximately mid-way between the Gulf of Alexandretta and the Persian Gulf.

A variant of the Eastern Arabic numerals used in the Persian and Urdu languages is shown as East Arabic-Indic.

It lies on Abadan Island ( long, 3 – 19 km or 2 – 12 miles wide, the island is bounded in the west by the Arvand waterway and to the east by the Bahmanshir outlet of the Karun River ), from the Persian Gulf, near the Iraqi-Iran border.

This " Persian debris " is the richest archaeological deposit excavated on the Acropolis and is well known throughout Greece.

In addition, there is no evidence whatsoever in Assyrian, Babylonian, Median, Persian, Greek or Egyptian records of the time mentioning deportations of Assyrians from their homelands

Other important Arabic astrologers include Albumasur and Al Khwarizmi, the Persian mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, who is considered the father of algebra and the algorithm.

* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persian at Ar-Raqqah ( northern Syria ).

Afghan ( Pashto / Persian: افغان ; see etymology ) is used to indicate a citizen of Afghanistan.

Polybius tells that 28 years after the expulsion of the last Persian king Xerxes crossed over to Greece, and that event is fixed to 478 BC by two solar eclipses.

He is most remembered for his valor in battle and his failed attempts to modernize the Persian army.