* ( 2004 ): Molecular phylogenetics of core Brassicales, placement of orphan genera Emblingia, Forchhammeria, Tirania, and character evolution.

" Molecular biologists, using phylogenetics, can compare protein amino acid or nucleotide sequence homology ( i. e., similarity ) to infer taxonomy and evolutionary distances among organisms, but with limited statistical confidence.

Molecular phylogenetics has also been used to estimate the dates when species diverged, but there is controversy about the reliability of the molecular clock on which such estimates depend.

") Molecular phylogenetics have clarified the relatedness of some associated genera, and at least nine genera that were previously included in Cornaceae have been eliminated from the order Cornales entirely, but the circumscription of Cornaceae is still unclear.

Molecular phylogenetics is the analysis of hereditary molecular differences, mainly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships.

Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in taxonomy and biogeography.

Molecular phylogenetics reveals that they form a polyphyletic group and could see a split into several new phyla.

* ( 2003 ): Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Orchidinae and selected Habenariinae ( Orchidaceae ).

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699.

Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals.

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

* Cibois, Alice ; Kalyakin, Mikhail V .; Lian-Xian, Han & Pasquet, Eric ( 2002 ): Molecular phylogenetics of babblers ( Timaliidae ): revaluation of the genera Yuhina and Stachyris.

Molecular phylogenetics and diversification of the genus Sporophila ( Aves: Passeriformes ).

* Grau, Erwin T .; Pereira, Sérgio Luiz ; Silveira, Luís Fábio ; Höfling, Elizabeth & Wanjtal, Anita ( 2005 ): Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of Neotropical piping guans ( Aves: Galliformes ): Pipile Bonaparte, 1856 is synonym of Aburria Reichenbach, 1853.

* Cibois, Alice ; Kalyakin, Mikhail V .; Lian-Xian, Han & Pasquet, Eric ( 2002 ): Molecular phylogenetics of babblers ( Timaliidae ): revaluation of the genera Yuhina and Stachyris.

* Molecular phylogenetics of the Espeletia complex ( Asteraceae )

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

* ( 2007 ): Molecular phylogenetics of the butterflyfishes ( Chaetodontidae ): Taxonomy and biogeography of a global coral reef fish family.

# REDIRECT Molecular phylogenetics

# REDIRECT Molecular phylogenetics

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37 ( 3 ): 686-699

Molecular analysis suggests that the frog – salamander divergence took place considerably earlier than the palaeontological evidence indicates.

Molecular evidence suggests that the Phycodnaviridae may have evolved from the family Iridoviridae.

Molecular evidence suggests that between 8 and 4 million years ago, first the gorillas, and then the chimpanzees ( genus Pan ) split off from the line leading to the humans ; human DNA is approximately 98. 4 % identical to that of chimpanzees when comparing single nucleotide polymorphisms ( see human evolutionary genetics ).

Molecular analysis carried out at the University of Copenhagen suggests that this classification should be reviewed.

Molecular analysis suggests that the hexapods diverged from their sister group, the Anostraca ( fairy shrimps ), at around the start of the Silurian period-coinciding with the appearance of vascular plants on land.

Molecular evidence suggests that the Shoebill and the Hamerkop form a sister group to the pelicans, though there is some doubt as to the exact relationship between the three lineages.

Molecular genetics study suggests that surviving Amerindian populations derived from a theoretical single founding population, possibly from only 50 to 70 genetic contributors Preliminary research, restricted to only 9 genomic regions ( or loci ) have shown a genetic link between original Americas and Asia populations.

Molecular evidence, that is, a specific pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile, suggests that the distinct genotype of El Tor strain which appeared in Calcutta in 1993, may have spread to the African subcontinent.

Molecular evidence suggests that a reptile-specifically a squamate-was the first vertebrate host of Plasmodium.

Molecular data suggests that the two species diverged during the Pleistocene epoch.

Molecular dating suggests a split of Dicerorhinus from the four other extant species as far back as 25. 9 ± 1. 9 million years.

Molecular evidence indicates that Archaezoa have the genetic marker of mitochondria in their nucleus that suggests the had and then lost mitochondria.

Molecular data suggests that the scaphopods are a sister group to the cephalopods, although higher-level molluscan phylogeny remains somewhat unresolved.

Molecular evidence indicates that the lineage of gibbons ( family Hylobatidae ) diverged from Great Apes some 18-12 million years ago, and that of orangutans ( subfamily Ponginae ) diverged from the other Great Apes at about 12 million years ; there are no fossils that clearly document the ancestry of gibbons, which may have originated in a so-far-unknown South East Asian hominoid population, but fossil proto-orangutans may be represented by Sivapithecus from India and Griphopithecus from Turkey, dated to around 10 million years ago.

Molecular evidence place them within the family Peridiscaceae of the order Saxifragales.

* Fjeldså, Jon ; Irestedt, Martin & Ericson, Per G. P. ( 2005 ): Molecular data reveal some major adaptational shifts in the early evolution of the most diverse avian family, the Furnariidae.

Molecular studies by several groups of authors, as of 2008, have confirmed that the baccate ( fleshy ) fruits evolved twice from capsular fruits, and as such the two subfamily classification does not accurately portray the phylogenetic (= evolutionary ) history of the family.

* Fjeldså, Jon ; Irestedt, Martin & Ericson, Per G. P. ( 2005 ): Molecular data reveal some major adaptational shifts in the early evolution of the most diverse avian family, the Furnariidae.

Molecular studies find support for few close relatives, and they are treated as a family at present, although it has been suggested that they form a clade with two enigmatic species in the genus Modulatrix.

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences has shown that Agapanthus is sister to a clade consisting of subfamilies Allioideae and Amaryllidoideae of the family Amaryllidaceae ( sensu APG III ).

Molecular phylogenetic studies confirmed the suspicions of many that this group was misplaced, and consequently, the family Themidaceae was resurrected in 1996.

The Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine was named after the Boyer family in 1991 .< ref >

( 2004 ): Molecular phylogeny of the family Pectinidae ( Mollusca: Bivalvia )

Molecular investigation of the genus has revealed that Ranunculus is not monophyletic with respect to a number of other recognized genera in the family – e. g. Ceratocephala, Halerpestes, Hamadryas, Laccopetalum, Myosurus, Oxygraphis, Paroxygraphis and Trautvetteria.

Molecular and physiological data linking this family to others is ambiguous and often contradictory, which means the taxonomy of this family is highly contentious.

Molecular phylogenetic studies of the 2000s have revised our concept of the family ; in a highly-cited 2006 publication, Manfred Binder and David Hibbett included 38 genera.

* Suárez-Castillo and García-Arrarás ( 2007 ) " Molecular evolution of the ependymin protein family: a necessary update " BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 23.

Molecular phylogenetic studies show that, as an ancient species in the order Carnivora, the Red Panda is relatively close to the American Raccoon and may be either a monotypic family or a subfamily within the procynonid family.

Molecular genetic studies of the HPRT gene mutations may confirm diagnosis, and are particularly helpful for subsequent ' carrier testing ' in at-risk females such as close family relatives on the female side.

* ( 2007 ): Molecular phylogenetics of the butterflyfishes ( Chaetodontidae ): Taxonomy and biogeography of a global coral reef fish family.

Molecular genetics studies have placed the genus in the family Lamiales.

The character is notable for being the first witch in the Warren family line and for prophesying the arrival of her descendants, the Charmed Ones, who possess access to the " Power of Three " as well as splitting between them versions of Melinda's three magical powers of Telekinesis, Premonitions, and Molecular Immobilization.

Molecular results have consistently produced a sister relationship between the mountain beaver and the squirrels ( family Sciuridae ).

Molecular studies have shown that the genus Portulacaria ( previously in Portulacaceae ) is part of this family, thus extending its distribution beyond the island of Madagascar.