Since habitat fragmentation is the subdivision of a large area of habitat into smaller isolated patches, fragmentation is thought to have severe effects on the genetic structure of populations through population bottlenecks followed by erosion of genetic diversity, which results in fitness reduction and the inability of a population to respond to environmental changes.

Since 1995, new facilities serving the arts, academics, fitness and student housing have been built on what has come to be known as " East Campus.

Since 2005 there has been interest in using the performance offered by GPUs for evolutionary computation in general, and for accelerating the fitness evaluation in genetic programming in particular.

Since an animal ’ s environment is constantly changing, the ability to adjust foraging behavior is essential for maximization of fitness.

Since there is such a clear link between foraging behavior and fitness it is easy to understand how those behaviors that benefit the organism and help them survive and reproduce will be selected for and passed on.

Since 4 January 1995 women between the ages of 18 and 29 have had the right to apply for voluntary military service in the Finnish Defence Forces and are free to apply into any form of service, which is granted provided they fulfill the minimum fitness and health requirements.

Since unrestricted sociosexuality increases the reproductive fitness of sons more than daughters ( as males have the potential to have more offspring through casual sex ), unrestricted parents have a higher-than-expected offspring sex ratio ( more sons ).

Since 1987, Doyle has been breaking and winning world records in various sporting disciplines, totalling 172 course, regional, national, British, European and world fitness, endurance, boxing and martial arts records.

Since retiring from the sport, she has worked as television presenter and served as a patron of charities for disabled children and fitness.

Since their reproductive fitness is intimately tied to that of their host plant, these fungi are often mutualistic.

Since the proliferation of specific cells of the vertebrate immune system to fight off infecting pathogens is a case of programmed and exquisitely contained cellular proliferation, it represents a case of the individual manipulating selection at the level of the cell to enhance its own fitness.

Since a pathogen ’ s fitness is determined by its success in transmitting offspring to other hosts, it was thought at one time, that virulence moderated and it evolved toward commensality.

Since then he has undertaken courses in information technology, hospitality, engineering, horticulture, cleaning, fitness and first aid.

Since Celebrity Fit Club, Tina has qualified as an aerobics teacher and motivational fitness coach, as well as running several marathons and charity races.

Since there is no external fitness function, there is no single metric of fitness ; rather, fitness varies according to organisms ' adaptation to local environments.

Since then Bartoli has worked on her fitness and mobility and has lost weight, and now her court movement has improved markedly.

Since the development and maintenance of a feature such as an organ or a metabolite has an opportunity cost, changes in the environment that reduce the utility of an adaptation may mean that a higher evolutionary fitness is achieved by no longer using the adaptation, thus better using resources.

Since leaving Leeds, he has been training with HJK in order to maintain match fitness.

Since, however, due to him coming back into fitness and other squad members falling ill of suspension and injury, he has proven himself once again and now finds himself a regular once more.

Since the Supreme Court's decision of that year this is more doubtful ; ;

( Since the time-span of the nation-state coincides roughly with the separate existence of the United States as an independent entity, it is perhaps natural for Americans to think of the nation as representative of the highest form of order, something permanent and unchanging.

Since it is not far from Viareggio, he will visit Puccini's house, as he never fails to do, to pay his respects to the memory of the composer of La Boheme, which he considers one of Puccini's masterpieces.

Since attack serves to stimulate interest in broadcasts, I added to my opening statement a sentence in which I claimed that German youth seemed to lack the enthusiasm which is a necessary ingredient of anger, and might be classified as uninterested and bored rather than angry.

Since the air is a continuum, the network of communication remains intact regardless of the positions or motions of the points ( the people ) in the net.

Since the hazards of poor communication are so great, p can be justified as a habitable site only on the basis of unusual productivity such as is made available by a waterfall for milling purposes, a mine, or a sugar maple camp.

Since the difficulty of drawing the net is great, we will merely discuss it.

Since a civilizational crisis involves also a crisis in private interests and in the ruling class, reaction is normally found among those who feel themselves to be among the ruling class.

Since civilizational change is the most difficult to perceive and analyze, it seldom is given adequate attention.

Since the slogans have little application to reality and are sanctimonious to boot, the applause is faint even in areas of the world where we should expect to find the greatest affection for free government.

Since more is known about Quiney than about any other acquaintance of Shakespeare in Stratford, his career may be followed to its sudden end in 1602.

Since the great flood of these dystopias has appeared only in the last twelve years, it seems fairly reasonable to assume that the chief impetus was the 1949 publication of Nineteen Eighty-Four, an assumption which is supported by the frequent echoes of such details as Room 101, along with education by conditioning from Brave New World, a book to which science-fiction writers may well have returned with new interest after reading the more powerful Orwell dystopia.

Since Laos is of no more purely military value to Moscow itself than it is to Washington, this approach might be expected to head off Mr. Khrushchev for the moment.

Since little is known about autism, and almost nothing has been written for the layman, we'd like to share one experienced mother's comments.

Since the work is done by hand, the only limitation, it is said, `` is that of human conception ''.

Since the apparatus is new, it requires experimentation and changes in technique.

Since the obvious is not always true, the Republican National Committee wisely analyzed its defeat of last autumn and finds that it occurred, as suspected, in the larger cities.

Since he has just shown who is top dog, he may not be ready to receive this highest honor in the gift of the Soviet people.

Since appeals to morality, to humanity, and to sanity have had such small effect, perhaps our last recourse is the deterrent example.

Since the goal of our international planners is a World Government, this Atlantic Community would mark a giant step in that direction for, once American economic autonomy is absorbed, a larger grouping is a question of time.

Since 1990, Lowell has averaged about 5 homicides per year with the highest being 13 homicides in 2006.

Since 1900, Taylors population growth has averaged approximately 128 new residents per year, based on an estimated population of 1100 in the year 1900, and the population in 2010 of 15191, according to the U. S. Census Bureau.

Since a SSEP can be completely described in terms of the amplitude and phase of each frequency component it can be quantified more unequivocally than an averaged transient evoked potential.

Nobel laureate and economist Gary Becker states that “ Chile ’ s annual growth in per capita real income from 1985 to 1996 averaged a remarkable 5 percent, far above the rest of Latin America .” Since then the economy has averaged 3 % annual growth in GDP.

Since 2001, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research has averaged 22. 9 approvals a year.

Since February 1, aircraft losses in British bombing raids on Germany have averaged 3. 7 percent.

Since moving to Citibank Ballpark, the RockHounds have averaged 250, 000 + fans every season.

Since 1975 the total yearly number of cases has averaged between 30, 000 and 38, 000 abortions.

Since 1989, the company's $ 5 billion Medallion Fund has averaged 35 % annual returns after fees.

Since the NBA began counting blocks as a statistic in 1973, only two other players ( David Robinson and Hakeem Olajuwon ) in league history have averaged over 2. 0 blocks and 2. 0 steals per game in a single season.

Since the resulting velocity vectors are based on cross-correlating the intensity distributions over small areas of the flow, the resulting velocity field is a spatially averaged representation of the actual velocity field.

Since then, its student body size has averaged about 2400 students.

Since 1995, Coach Williams and Maryland have averaged 22. 5 wins per season.

Since opening, the facility has averaged more than 860 patrons daily.

Since 1984, the national catch has averaged about 200, 000 to 300, 000 metric tonnes per annum.

Since the redevelopment, attendance figures have generally averaged near the 26, 000 ( full capacity ) mark.