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The Paillier cryptosystem, named after and invented by Pascal Paillier in 1999, is a probabilistic asymmetric algorithm for public key cryptography.
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Paillier and cryptosystem
* Paillier cryptosystem
Paillier cryptosystem •
A notable feature of the Paillier cryptosystem is its homomorphic properties.
Paillier cryptosystem exploits the fact that certain discrete logarithms can be computed easily.
Paillier and Pointcheval however went on to propose an improved cryptosystem that incorporates the combined hashing of message m with random r. Similar in intent to the Cramer-Shoup cryptosystem, the hashing prevents an attacker, given only c, from being able to change m in a meaningful way.
* The Okamoto – Uchiyama cryptosystem as a historical antecedent of Paillier.
* The Damgård – Jurik cryptosystem is a generalization of Paillier.
* The Paillier cryptosystem interactive simulator demonstrates a voting application.
* An interactive demo of the Paillier cryptosystem.
* The Homomorphic Encryption Project implements the Paillier cryptosystem along with its homomorphic operations.
* Encounter: an open-source library providing an implementation of Paillier cryptosystem and a cryptographic counters construction based on the same.
# REDIRECT Paillier cryptosystem
# REDIRECT Paillier cryptosystem
Paillier and is
In the Paillier, ElGamal, and RSA cryptosystems, it is also possible to combine several ciphertexts together in a useful way to produce a related ciphertext.
However, given the Paillier encryptions of two messages there is no known way to compute an encryption of the product of these messages without knowing the private key.
Paillier and probabilistic
More efficient probabilistic encryption algorithms include Elgamal, Paillier, and various constructions under the random oracle model, including Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding ( OAEP ).
Paillier and .
In Paillier, given only the public-key and an encryption of and, one can compute a valid encryption of their sum.
Semantically secure encryption algorithms include Goldwasser-Micali, El Gamal and Paillier.
cryptosystem and named
Neal Stephenson's novel Cryptonomicon includes a fictionalized version of Magic, with the Japanese cryptosystem being named " Indigo " rather than " PURPLE ".
cryptosystem and invented
The ElGamal cryptosystem, invented by Taher ElGamal.
He co-invented the Merkle – Hellman knapsack cryptosystem, Merkle – Damgård construction, and invented Merkle trees.
The Merkle – Hellman knapsack cryptosystem was one of the earliest public key cryptosystems invented by Ralph Merkle and Martin Hellman in 1978.
In 1979, Rabin invented the Rabin cryptosystem, the first asymmetric cryptosystem whose security was proved equivalent to the intractability of integer factorization.
cryptosystem and by
An asymmetric-key cryptosystem was published in 1976 by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman who, influenced by Ralph Merkle's work on public-key distribution, disclosed a method of public-key agreement.
Most are used in hybrid cryptosystems for reasons of efficiency-in such a cryptosystem, a shared secret key (" session key ") is generated by one party, and this much briefer session key is then encrypted by each recipient's public key.
In cryptography, Kerckhoffs's principle ( also called Kerckhoffs's Desiderata, Kerckhoffs's assumption, axiom, or law ) was stated by Auguste Kerckhoffs in the 19th century: A cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge.
In cryptography, a timing attack is a side channel attack in which the attacker attempts to compromise a cryptosystem by analyzing the time taken to execute cryptographic algorithms.
* An asymmetric-key cryptosystem is published by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman who disclose the Diffie – Hellman key exchange method of public-key agreement for public-key cryptography.
Attempts to break a cryptosystem by deceiving or coercing people with legitimate access are not typically called side-channel attacks: see social engineering and rubber-hose cryptanalysis.
In all cases, the underlying principle is that physical effects caused by the operation of a cryptosystem ( on the side ) can provide useful extra information about secrets in the system, for example, the cryptographic key, partial state information, full or partial plaintexts and so forth.
These names were used by Ron Rivest in the 1978 Communications of the ACM article presenting the RSA cryptosystem, and in A Method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public-Key Cryptosystems published April 4, 1977, revised September 1, 1977 as technical Memo LCS / TM82.
In cryptography, the McEliece cryptosystem is an asymmetric encryption algorithm developed in 1978 by Robert McEliece.
In 2008, Bernstein, Lange and Peters described a practical attack on the original McEliece cryptosystem, based on finding low-weight code words using an algorithm published by Jacques Stern in 1989.
Instead, cryptosystem engineers must ensure that devices ' power variations do not reveal information usable by adversaries.
The notion of security of a cryptosystem is meaningful only with respect to particular attacks ( usually presumed to be carried out by particular sorts of adversaries ).
In cryptography, Merkle's Puzzles is an early construction for a public-key cryptosystem, a protocol devised by Ralph Merkle in 1974 and published in 1978.
The underlying cryptosystem is IND-CPA ( and thus semantically secure under chosen plaintext attack ) if the adversary cannot determine which of the two messages was chosen by the oracle, with probability significantly greater than ( the success rate of random guessing ).
It has been largely superseded by the Miller – Rabin primality test, but has great historical importance in showing the practical feasibility of the RSA cryptosystem.
The Kushilevitz and Ostrovsky protocol is based on the Goldwasser – Micali cryptosystem while the protocol by Lipmaa is based on the Damgård – Jurik cryptosystem.
Developed by Ronald Cramer and Victor Shoup in 1998, it is an extension of the Elgamal cryptosystem.
Kleptographic attacks can be constructed as a cryptotrojan that infects a cryptosystem and opens a backdoor for the attacker, or can be implemented by the manufacturer of a cryptosystem.
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