The Qianlong Emperor in ceremonial armor on horseback, painted by Giuseppe Castiglione ( 1688 – 1766 ) | Giuseppe Castiglione, dated 1739 or 1758.

Qianlong Emperor Practicing Calligraphy, mid-18th century.

The portraits of Kangxi Emperor, Yongzheng Emperor, and Qianlong Emperor are excellent examples of realistic Chinese portrait painting.

He soon won the confidence of the Qianlong Emperor and spent the remainder of his life at Beijing.

He was a correspondent of the Académie des Sciences, official translator of Western languages for Emperor Qianlong, and the spiritual leader of the French mission in Peking.

Kazakhs deliver a white horse as a gift to the Qianlong Emperor of China ( 1757 ), soon after the Qing conquest of Xinjiang.

Dutch ambassador Isaac Titsingh did not refuse to kowtow during the course of his 1794-1795 mission to the Imperial Court of Emperor Qianlong.

The Southern Temple has been a popular subject of wuxia fiction, first appearing in the 1893 novel Shengchao Ding Sheng Wannian Qing, where it is attacked by the Qianlong Emperor with the help of the White Eyebrow Taoist.

* Qianlong, Emperor of China

The Chinese Putuo Zongcheng Temple of Chengde, completed in 1771, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.

* October 18 – The Qianlong Emperor succeeds Yongzheng and begins a 60-year-long reign of the Qing Dynasty.

* February 9 – The Qianlong Emperor abdicates at age 84 to make way for his son, the Jiaqing Emperor.

* Construction of the Puning Temple complex in Chengde, China is complete, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.

* June – The Macartney Embassy, a British diplomatic mission to China led by George Macartney, 1st Earl Macartney, reaches Canton, but will be rebuffed by the Qianlong Emperor.

* February 7 – Qianlong Emperor of China ( b. 1711 )

* September 25 – Qianlong Emperor of China ( d. 1799 )

* Construction of the Putuo Zongcheng Temple complex in Chengde, China is completed during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.

According to the standards of the Qianlong Emperor and successive regimes, " cooked " was synonymous with having assimilated to Han cultural norms, and living as a subject of the Empire, but retained a pejorative designation to signify the perceived cultural lacking of the non-Han people (), ().

#: However, the use of era names makes many mistake these for the names of the emperors themselves, and many scholars therefore encourage a reversed wording for Ming and Qing emperors, e. g., the Kangxi Emperor, the Qianlong Emperor, et cetera.

During the reigns of the Yongzheng Emperor and the Qianlong Emperor, the restriction began to be relaxed.

In the succeeding dynasty, emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty personally composed 40, 000 poems as part of a 4. 7 million page library in 4 divisions, including thousands of essays, called the Siku Quanshu which is probably the largest collection of books in the world.

One of Qianlong ’ s grandest projects was to " assemble a team of China ’ s finest scholars for the purpose of assembling, editing, and printing the largest collection ever made of Chinese philosophy, history, and literature.

During the Qianlong Era ( 1735-1796 ), Shanghai began developing rapidly and became the largest port in the Far East.

" Qianlong, more than any other Manchu emperor, lavished the imperial collection with his attention and effort:

Different seals could be used for different purposes: for example, Emperor Qianlong had a number of informal appreciation seals used on select paintings in his collection.

The Qianlong Emperor had his own imperial collection of inkstones catalogued into a twenty-four chapter compendium entitled Xiqing yanpu ( Hsi-ch ' ing yen-p ' u ).

During the Qianlong reign period and the continuing 19th century, European Baroque styles of painting had noticeable influence on Chinese portrait paintings, especially with painted visual effects of lighting and shading.

Alarmed, the Chinese emperor Qianlong appointed Fukang ' an commander-in-chief of the Tibetan campaign ; Fu defeated the Gorkhali army and the Gorkhali were forced to accept surrender on China's terms.

The Kangxi and Qianlong Emperors, for instance, embraced Chinese traditions both to control them and to proclaim their own legitimacy.

File: Chinese export porcelain with Dutch ship Vryburg 1756 Qianlong period Canton. jpg | The ship Vryburg on a platter, commissioned 1756

Other art works produced in China or Hong Kong were sold in places such as Christie's including a Chinese porcelain piece with the mark of Emperor Qianlong sold for HKD $ $ 151. 3 million.

Chinese soldier of Emperor Qianlong, by William Alexander ( painter ) | William Alexander, 1793.

The Qianlong Emperor was a major patron of the arts, seeing himself as an important " preserver and restorer " of Chinese culture.

... how carefully Qianlong followed the art market in rare paintings and antiquities, using a team of cultural advisers, from elderly Chinese literati to newly fledged Manchu connoisseurs.

A Dutch embassy arrived to the Qianlong court in 1795, and would turn out to be the last occasion in which any European appeared before the Chinese Court within the context of traditional Chinese imperial foreign relations.

The style was however modified according to Chinese taste-strong shadows used in chiaroscuro techniques were unacceptable as Emperor Qianlong thought that shadows looked like dirt, therefore when Castiglione painted the emperor, the intensity of the light was reduced so that there was no shadow on the face, and the features were distinct.

File: OFB-Qianlongsatz03-Krieger. JPG | Chinese Shadow Play Figures, Two warriors ; Qianlong Set ; approx.

During the mission his Chinese proved good enough to engage in diplomatic banter and he received a personal gift from the Qianlong Emperor.

The personal interest of Emperors such as Qianlong meant that one of the most important collections of paintings in Chinese history was held at the palace.

In many ways, he was similar to other Chinese emperors who were initially successful, but whose subsequent poor rule caused the eventual demise of their dynasties, such as both Emperor Gaozong and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty.

Qianlong pledged to support Amursana since Amursana accepted Qing authority ; among those who supported Amursana and the Chinese were the Uyghur brothers Burhān al-Dīn and Khwāja-i Jahān.

Between the time of Oroi-Jalatu and Khurungui, the Chinese under Prince Cäbdan-jab defeated Amursana at the Battle of Khorgos ( known in the Qianlong engravings as " The Victory of Khorgos ").

The Chinese custom of using the Golden Urn had been introduced in the year 1792 by the Qianlong Emperor and used to select the 10th, 11th, and 12th Dalai Lamas.

For example, the real name of the Qianlong Emperor was Hung li, which was derived from the Chinese name Hongli ( 弘曆 ).

The Qing Dynasty Qianlong Emperor made many visits to Jiangnan (), which have been the popular subject of numerous Chinese operas and television dramas.

The Han Chinese began arriving in the area during the reign of Qianlong Emperor.