The Church of Scotland separated from the Roman Catholic Church with the Scottish Reformation in 1560, and the split from it of the Scottish Episcopal Church began in 1582, in the reign of James VI of Scotland, over disagreements about the role of bishops.

Later 16th century Scottish chronicles, written after the Reformation, shape history according to Catholic or Protestant viewpoints.

The Scottish Reformation took place only days later when the Scottish Parliament abolished the Roman Catholic religion and outlawed the Mass.

The eventual Reformation of the Scottish Church followed a brief civil war in 1559 – 60, in which English intervention on the Protestant side was decisive.

A legacy of the Reformation in Scotland was the aim of having a school in every parish, which was underlined by an act of the Scottish parliament in 1696 ( reinforced in 1801 ).

* Ryrie, Alec, The Origins of the Scottish Reformation ( Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2006 ) ISBN 0-7190-7105-4

Thereafter, the seat of the Bishopric of the Isles was relocated to the north, firstly to Snizort on Skye and then Iona, a state of affairs which continued until the 16th century Scottish Reformation.

* 1559 – John Knox returns from exile to Scotland to become the leader of the beginning Scottish Reformation.

Modern Presbyterianism traces its institutional roots back to the Scottish Reformation.

John Knox, a Scotsman who studied with Calvin in Geneva, Switzerland, took Calvin's teachings back to Scotland ( see Scottish Reformation ).

** Scottish Reformation, in 1560, part of the wider Protestant Reformation

* Scottish Reformation, 1560

Somerset aimed to unite England and Scotland by marrying Edward to the young Scottish queen Mary, and aimed to forcibly impose the English Reformation on the Church of Scotland.

The result is inconclusive but Kennedy is fighting a losing battle against the Reformation, which had been confirmed by the Scottish government in 1560.

John Knox ( c. 1514 – 24 November 1572 ) was a Scottish clergyman and a leader of the Protestant Reformation who brought reformation to the church in Scotland.

On his return to Scotland he led the Protestant Reformation in Scotland, in partnership with the Scottish Protestant nobility.

* May 2 – John Knox returns from exile to Scotland to become the leader of the beginning Scottish Reformation.

The church occupies the site of the ancient chancel and transepts of a large medieval Benedictine abbey, which was sacked in 1560 during the Scottish Reformation and permitted to fall into disrepair.

During the Scottish Reformation, the abbey church was sacked in March 1560.

In the mid-16th century, John Knox instigated the Scottish Reformation at grass-roots level with a sermon against ' idolatry ' in the burgh kirk of St. John the Baptist.

It is strongly associated with French, Dutch, Swiss and Scottish Reformation movements, and the Reformed and Presbyterian churches.

Frazer, a Scottish scholar with a broad knowledge of Classics, also concerned himself with religion, myth, and magic.

Thus the only member churches of the present Anglican Communion existing by the mid-18th century were the Church of England, its closely linked sister church, the Church of Ireland ( which also separated from Roman Catholicism under Henry VIII ) and the Scottish Episcopal Church which for parts of the 17th and 18th centuries was partially underground ( it was suspected of Jacobite sympathies ).

Scottish law also provides for a more serious charge of aggravated assault on the basis of such factors as severity of injury, the use of a weapon, or Hamesuken ( to assault a person in his own home ).

Rhoticity was further supported by Hiberno-English, West Country English and Scottish English as well as the fact most regions of England at this time also had rhotic accents.

Areas similar to that of the council area are covered by the Angus Westminster constituency for the UK Parliament and the area is also represented at the Scottish Parliament by both the Angus and North Tayside Holyrood constituencies.

Ó hÓgáin proposes that this term was also used in Scottish Gaelic and Welsh.

Instead, from 1 January 1923, almost all the remaining companies were grouped into the " big four ", the Great Western Railway, the London and North Eastern Railway, the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and the Southern Railway companies ( there were also a number of other joint railways such as the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway and the Cheshire Lines Committee as well as special joint railways such as the Forth Bridge Railway, Ryde Pier Railway and at one time the East London Railway ).

" Boudica has also been the primary subject of songs by Irish singer / songwriter Enya, Dutch soprano Petra Berger, Scottish singer / songwriter Steve McDonald, English metal band Bal-Sagoth, Faith and the Muse and Dreams in the Witching House.

In addition to English being the film's primary language, French, Latin, and Scottish Gaelic are also spoken.

The film generated huge interest in Scotland and in Scottish history, not only around the world, but also in Scotland itself.

Fans come from all over the world to see the places in Scotland where William Wallace fought for Scottish freedom, and also to the places in Scotland and Ireland to see the locations used in the film.

The nucleus was also described by Franz Bauer in 1804 and in more detail in 1831 by Scottish botanist Robert Brown in a talk at the Linnean Society of London.

Saint Columba ( 7 December 521 – 9 June 597 AD )— also known as Colum Cille, or Chille ( Old Irish, meaning " dove of the church "), Colm Cille ( Irish ), Calum Cille ( Scottish Gaelic ), Colum Keeilley ( Manx Gaelic ) and Kolban or Kolbjørn ( Old Norse )— was a Gaelic Irish missionary monk who propagated Christianity among the Picts during the Early Medieval Period.

The Scottish Episcopal Church and Church of Scotland also have parishes dedicated to him.

Within the Protestant tradition the Presbyterian Church ( which has its roots in Scottish Presbyterianism ) also has parishes named in honour of Columba.

It was also influenced by Scottish, Irish and English immigration after the War of 1812.

In his fictional historical essay " The Hyborian Age ", Howard describes how the people of Atlantis — the land where his character King Kull originated — had to move east after a great cataclysm changed the face of the world and sank their island, settling where Ireland and Scotland would eventually be located, Thus they are ( in Howard's work ) the ancestors of the Irish and Scottish ( the Celtic Gaels ) and not the Picts, the other ancestor of modern Scots who also appear in Howard's work.

The Scottish poet William Soutar also wrote over one hundred American Cinquains ( he labelled them Epigrams ) between 1933 and 1940.

By-elections were also held to the Westminster and Scottish Parliament constituency of Glasgow Anniesland.

Dewar also threatened to sack any minister or aide who briefed the media against another member of the Scottish Executive, following public rows between Jack McConnell and the Minister of Health and Community Care, Susan Deacon over the budget allocated to health.

The Scottish Agricultural College also has a campus in south Edinburgh.

The Scotland national rugby union team plays at Murrayfield Stadium, which is owned by the Scottish Rugby Union and is also used as a venue for other events, including music concerts.

By the end of her life Elizabeth was also reputed to speak Welsh, Cornish, Scottish and Irish in addition to English.

In the early years other teams from Wales, Ireland and Scotland also took part in the competition, with Glasgow side Queen's Park losing the final to Blackburn Rovers in 1884 and 1885 before being barred from entering by the Scottish Football Association.

The town also has a football team, Fort William F. C., competing in the Scottish Highland Football League.