The opening paragraph of the chapter titled The Theory Of Representative Perception, in the book Philosophies Of Science by Albert G. Ramsperger says, `` passed on to the brain, and there, by some unexplained process, it causes the mind to have a perception ''.

From a philosophical point of view, what makes the brain special in comparison to other organs is that it forms the physical structure that generates the mind.

" Through much of history, the mind was thought to be separate from the brain.

Materialist philosophers of mind maintain that the mind is not something separate from the body, but is produced by physiological functions of the brain.

A central tenet of cognitive science is that a complete understanding of the mind / brain cannot be attained by studying only a single level.

The first is focused on abstract mental functions of an intelligent mind and operates using symbols, and the second, which follows the neural and associative properties of the human brain, is called subsymbolic.

Connectionism relies on the idea that the mind / brain is composed of simple nodes and that the power of the system comes primarily from the existence and manner of connections between the simple nodes.

He said that an organism is conscious " if and only if there is something that it is like to be that organism — something it is like for the organism "; and he argued that no matter how much we know about an animal's brain and behavior, we can never really put ourselves into the mind of the animal and experience its world in the way it does itself.

Typically in Western philosophy, dualism is considered to be a dualism between mind ( nonphysical ) and brain ( physical ), which ultimately involves mind interacting with the physical brain, and therefore also interacting with the micro-particles ( basic building blocks ) that make up the brain tissue.

Buddhist dualism, in Dharmakirti ’ s sense, is different in that it is not a dualism between the mind and brain, but rather between states of consciousness ( nonphysical ) and basic building blocks ( according to the Buddhist atomism of Dharmakirti, Buddhist atoms are also nonphysical: they are unstructured points of energy ).

A biochemical mechanism for this was proposed by the medical researcher J. C. Callaway, who suggested in 1988 that DMT might be connected with visual dream phenomena: brain DMT levels would be periodically elevated to induce visual dreaming and possibly other natural states of mind.

Epiphenomenalism is the theory in philosophy of mind that mental phenomena are caused by physical processes in the brain or that both are effects of a common cause, as opposed to mental phenomena driving the physical mechanics of the brain.

Norretranders has called the delay " The User Illusion " implying that we only have the illusion of conscious control, most actions being controlled automatically by non-conscious parts of the brain with the conscious mind relegated to the role of spectator.

He says that the view that mind is an epiphenomenon of brain activity is not consistent with evolutionary theory, because if mind were functionless, it would have disappeared long ago, as it would not have been favoured by evolution.

In the human mind, the facts used must remain invariable as long as the brain reasons with them.

Crick was interested in two fundamental unsolved problems of biology: how molecules make the transition from the non-living to the living, and how the brain makes a conscious mind.

Right-brain-left-brain thinking is a theory of the functions of the mind suggesting that the two different sides of the brain control two different modes of thinking.

Precisely at the moment when it has lost its vision the mind of the community turns out from itself in a search for the ontological standard whereby it can measure itself.

Even if people do, in a not far distant future, begin to read one another's minds, there will still be the question of whether what you find in another man's mind is especially worth reading -- worth more, that is, than what you can read in good books.

Writers of this class of science fiction have clearly in mind the assumptions that man can master the principles of this cause-and-effect universe and that such mastery will necessarily better the human lot.

It should be kept in mind that the ease or difficulty with which a town or city can convert to the proposed plan is directly dependent upon the financial condition of that town or city.

Chewing it over with his colleagues and in his own mind, he reaches a tentative identification of the question -- tentative because it may change as he explores it further and because, if no tolerable answer can be found, it may have to be changed into one which can be answered.

The result can only be confusion in the public mind.

Since effective area coverage appears fairly remote, the requirement can be borne in mind while considering the elements: air, surface, sub-surface, fixed installations, mines, and intelligence.

We recognize that young people through imaginative mind and body training can become athletes, acrobats, dancers, musicians and artists, developing many potentialities.

Prisoners brought to the dock accused of murder or accident say they cannot remember, and reading the accounts of their testimony you cannot believe that the mind can remove, absent itself, unsee.

Motivation usually makes the difference between " good " and " bad ," but motivation also includes the aspect of ignorance ; so a well-intended action from an ignorant mind can easily be " bad " in that it creates unpleasant results for the " actor.

Holmyard, when writing on exoteric aspects, states that they can not be properly appreciated if the esoteric is not always kept in mind.

You feel an intense fear when you think of dying, or you may think of it more often than normal, or can ’ t get it out of your mind.

While a character with Pattern, Logrus or Conjuration can acquire virtually any object, players can choose to spend character points to obtain objects with particular virtues-unbreakability, or a mind of their own.

His friend concurs, but indicates that there is a relevant disanalogy that we can't pretend to know the contents of the mind of God, while we can know the designs of other humans.

Idealists are skeptics about the physical world, maintaining either: 1 ) that nothing exists outside the mind, or 2 ) that we would have no access to a mind-independent reality even if it may exist ; the latter case often takes the form of a denial of the idea that we can have unconceptualised experiences ( see Myth of the Given ).

" But for the searching and right understanding of the Scriptures there is need of a good life and a pure soul, and for Christian virtue to guide the mind to grasp, so far as human nature can, the truth concerning God the Word.

She consoles Boethius by discussing the transitory nature of fame and wealth (" no man can ever truly be secure until he has been forsaken by Fortune "), and the ultimate superiority of things of the mind, which she calls the " one true good ".

Some, like René Descartes, have thought that this is so ( this view is known as dualism, and functionalism also considers the mind as distinct from the body ), while others have thought that concepts of the mental can be reduced to physical concepts ( this is the view of physicalism or materialism ).

The fundamental concept of cognitive science is " that thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures.

The modern culture of cognitive science can be traced back to the early cyberneticists in the 1930s and 1940s, such as Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts, who sought to understand the organizing principles of the mind.

The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience says “ the new sciences of the mind need to enlarge their horizon to encompass both lived human experience and the possibilities for transformation inherent in human experience .” This can be provided by a functional level account of the process.

Visitors and merchants were especially struck by the beautiful monasteries and churches of the city, in particular, Hagia Sophia, or the Church of Holy Wisdom: A Russian 14th-century traveler, Stephen of Novgorod, wrote, " As for St Sophia, the human mind can neither tell it nor make description of it.

I have chosen to use the word `` mimesis '' in its Christian rather than its classic implications and to discover in the concrete forms of both art and myth powers of theological expression which, as in the Christian mind, are the direct consequence of involvement in historical experience, which are not reserved, as in the Greek mind, only to moments of theoretical reflection.

But by the time the risk was doubled, events had dismissed from his mind both increased percentages and a previously stated intention of considering carefully anything more serious than a bout of influenza.

And this means, I suppose, that almost invariably age reveals itself by easily recognizable signs engraved on both the body and the mind.

The downtown store continues to offer the great inducement of variety, both within its gates and across the street, where other department stores are immediately convenient for the shopper who wants to see what is available before making up her mind.

He was endowed by nature with the most remarkable gifts both of mind and body: he was handsome and eloquent, but licentious ; and, at the same time, active, hardy, courageous, a great general and an able politician.

The modern computer, or Von Neumann machine, would play a central role in cognitive science, both as a metaphor for the mind, and as a tool for investigation.

The three main types of monism are physicalism ( which holds that the mind consists of matter organized in a particular way ), idealism ( which holds that only thought truly exists and matter is merely an illusion ), and neutral monism ( which holds that both mind and matter are aspects of a distinct essence that is itself identical to neither of them ).

Stoker's Dr. Abraham Van Helsing is a direct parallel to Le Fanu's vampire expert Baron Vordenburg: both characters used to investigate and catalyse actions in opposition to the vampire, and symbolically represent knowledge of the unknown and stability of mind in the onslaught of chaos and death.

While Western philosophical traditions, as exemplified by Descartes, equate mind with the conscious self and theorize on consciousness on the basis of mind / body dualism ; some Eastern philosophies provide an alternate viewpoint, intimately related to substance dualism, by drawing a metaphysical line between consciousness and matter — where matter includes both body and mind.

The Hesychast is to bring his mind ( Gr. nous ) into his heart so as to practise both the Jesus Prayer and sobriety with his mind in his heart.

There are various form of externalism that consider either the content or the vehicles of the mind or both.

Where Hegel argues that an ultimate understanding of the logical structure of the world is an understanding of the logical structure of God's mind, Kierkegaard asserting that for God reality can be a system but it cannot be so for any human individual because both reality and humans are incomplete and all philosophical systems imply completeness.

Some of the earliest recorded speculations linked mind ( sometimes described as identical with soul or spirit ) to theories concerning both life after death, and cosmological and natural order, for example in the doctrines of Zoroaster, the Buddha, Plato, Aristotle, and other ancient Greek, Indian and, later, Islamic and medieval European philosophers.

Understanding the relationship between the brain and the mind – mind-body problem is one of the central issues in the history of philosophy – is a challenging problem both philosophically and scientifically.

The term Wissenschaft cannot be translated straightforwardly as studies, as it calls to mind both scientific methods and the humanities.

Using categories, he offers specific examples of both mild and extreme mind control ( both one on one and in groups ), notes the conditions under which each social rule is most easily exploited for false ends, and offers suggestions on how to resist such methods.