If A is the major axis of an ellipsoid and B and C are the other two axes, the radius of curvature in the ab plane at the end of the axis Af, and the difference in pressure along the A and B axes is Af.

If it is assumed that the formula given by Lodge of cosec Af applies, the pressure difference along the major axes can be calculated from the angle of inclination of the major axis, and from this the interfacial tension can be calculated.

Sometimes the fish exploded as they neared the surface because of the difference in pressure.

Mean arterial blood pressure is highest in the aorta and mean arterial pressure diminishes across the circulation from aorta to arteries to arterioles to capillaries to veins back to atrium: the difference between aortic and right atrial pressure accounts for blood flow in the circulation.

The vortex is created by the difference in pressure between the upper and lower surface of the wing.

Therefore, since sound is in fact an infinitesimal pressure difference propagating through a fluid, the speed of sound in that fluid can be considered the fastest speed that " information " can travel in the flow.

The highly successful metal pressure tube anemometer of William Henry Dines in 1892 utilized the same pressure difference between the open mouth of a straight tube facing the wind and a ring of small holes in a vertical tube which is closed at the upper end.

Since the pressure difference determines the vertical position of the float this is a measured of the wind speed.

Many plant cells have walls that are strong enough to withstand the osmotic pressure from the difference in solute concentration between the cell interior and distilled water.

High inside pressure inhibits motion because the temperature differences are not enough to push the vanes through the higher concentration of air: there is too much air resistance for " eddy currents " to occur, and any slight air movement caused by the temperature difference is damped by the higher pressure before the currents can " wrap around " to the other side.

The pressure difference causes the vane to move, cold ( white ) side forward.

Often, the solar plasma will fill these loops from one foot point and drain from the other ( siphon flow due to a pressure difference, or asymmetric flow due to some other driver ).

If the difference in vapor pressure between the two components A and B is large ( generally expressed as the difference in boiling points ), the mixture in the beginning of the distillation is highly enriched in component A, and when component A has distilled off, the boiling liquid is enriched in component B.

As there is no difference in total pressure across the element ( no bulk flow ), dP < sub > A </ sub >/ dx must equal.

The pressure of the gas could be determined by the difference between the mercury level in the short end of the tube and that in the long, open end.

Therefore, the change in enthalpy can be devised or represented without the need for compressive or expansive mechanics ; for a simple system, with a constant number of particles, the difference in enthalpy is the maximum amount of thermal energy derivable from a thermodynamic process in which the pressure is held constant.

The SOI is computed from fluctuations in the surface air pressure difference between Tahiti and Darwin, Australia.

El Niño episodes are associated with negative values of the SOI, meaning that the pressure difference between Tahiti and Darwin is relatively small.

Fluids flow through a filter due to a difference in pressure — fluid flows from the high pressure side to the low pressure side of the filter, leaving some material behind.

Gas tends to rise, and when a pocket of CO < sub > 2 </ sub > rises in the abdomen, it pushes against the diaphragm ( the muscle that separates the abdominal from the thoracic cavities and facilitates breathing ), and can exert pressure on the phrenic nerve.

This pressure gradient pushes relatively cool, low-salinity water from the Atlantic across the basin ; it warms and becomes saltier as it travels east, then sinks in the region of the Levant and circulates westward, to spill over the Strait of Gibraltar.

A vacuum pump is turned on, and air pressure pushes down on the coversheet to hold the material in place.

During glottal closure, the air flow is cut off until breath pressure pushes the folds apart and the flow starts up again, causing the cycles to repeat.

The disk of dust is produced as radiation pressure from Vega pushes debris from collisions of larger objects outward.

To turn, pressure against one of the skis is relaxed so the snow pushes it back towards the body.

In the direct reading hydrostatic manometer design on the left, unknown pressure pushes the liquid down the left side of the manometer U-tube ( or unknown vacuum pulls the liquid up the tube, as shown ) where a length scale next to the tube measures the pressure, referenced to the other, open end of the manometer on the right side of the U-tube.

A floating caliper ( also called a " sliding caliper ") moves with respect to the disc, along a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the disc ; a piston on one side of the disc pushes the inner brake pad until it makes contact with the braking surface, then pulls the caliper body with the outer brake pad so pressure is applied to both sides of the disc.

When the brakes are applied, brake fluid is forced under pressure from the master cylinder into the wheel cylinder, which in turn pushes the brake shoes into contact with the machined surface on the inside of the drum.

In the hydraulic analogy, current flowing through a wire ( or resistor ) is like water flowing through a pipe, and the voltage drop across the wire is like the pressure drop which pushes water through the pipe.

This causes water to move into the sieve-tube element by osmosis, creating pressure that pushes the sap down the tube.

This center of pressure of the added flow field is behind the center of gravity and the additional force " points " in the direction of the added angle of attack, this produces a moment that pushes the vehicle back to the trim position.

The increased high pressure exerts a greater amount of force on the piston and pushes it towards the BDC.

** Obesity ( extra weight pushes down on the abdomen increasing the pressure )

Root pressure provides a force, which pushes water up the stem, but it is not enough to account for the movement of water to leaves at the top of the tallest trees.

The chemical reaction produces heat and pressure, which pushes out the discharge when the insect is attacked, as in the beetle Metrius contractus, which produces a foamy discharge.

In other bombardier beetles, the muscles stopping leakage have a flap forming a valve to ensure that the pressure pushes the discharge out, and muscles controlling the outlet have developed nozzles that can direct an explosive reaction to squirt the deterrent chemicals at an attacker.

If the stirrup is too far forward, on the toes, the rider risks losing if he pushes with too much pressure ( forcing it off the foot ) or too little ( allowing it to simply slide off ).

If a turbine is used, the turbine pushes air through the ventilator, with a flow valve adjusting pressure to meet patient-specific parameters.

When the pressure is below that within the lungs, the lungs expand and atmospheric pressure pushes air from outside the chamber in via the person's nose and airways to keep the lungs filled ; when the pressure goes above that within the lungs, the reverse occurs, and air is expelled.

The pneumatic pressure of the piston pushes the oil, which hydraulically separates the setting tool from the plug or packer.

The high pressure air below the lower surface of the wing moves around the wingtip towards the lower-pressure region on the upper surface, creating the vortex.

The problem was remedied by adding a " dive flap " beneath the wing which altered the center of pressure distribution so that the wing would not lose its lift.

The necessary lift that makes the kite wing fly is generated when air flows over and under the kite's wing, producing low pressure above the wing and high pressure below it.

Eiffel established that the lift produced by an airfoil was the result of a reduction of air pressure above the wing rather than an increase of pressure acting on the under surface.

The direction of the net force implies that the average pressure on the upper surface of the wing is lower than the average pressure on the underside.

Bernoulli's Principle is then cited to conclude that since the air moves faster on the top of the wing the air pressure must be lower.

The force on the wing can be examined in terms of the pressure differences above and below the wing, which can be related to velocity changes by Bernoulli's principle.

The total lift force is the integral of vertical pressure forces over the entire wetted surface area of the wing:

By using the streamwise vector i parallel to the freestream in place of k in the integral, we obtain an expression for the pressure drag D < sub > p </ sub > ( which includes induced drag in a 3D wing ).

A substantial simplification proposes that other forms of energy changes are inconsequential during the flow of air around a wing and that energy transfer in / out of the air is not significant, so the sum of pressure energy and speed energy for any particular parcel of air must be constant.

If the air density and temperature are the same above and below a wing, a naive application of the ideal gas law requires that the pressure also be the same.

Scuba harness with backplate and back mounted " wing " buoyancy compensator 1 ) DV / Regulator first stage 2 ) Cylinder valve 3 ) Shoulder straps 4 ) Buoyancy compensator bladder 5 ) Buoyancy compensator relief and lower manual dump valve 6 ) DV / Regulator second stages ( primary and “ octopus ”) 7 ) Console ( pressure gauge, depth gauge & compass ) 8 ) Dry-suit inflator hose 9 ) Backplate 10 ) Buoyancy compensator inflator hose and inflation valve 11 ) Buoyancy compensator mouthpiece and manual dump valve 12 ) Crotch strap 13 ) Waist straps

The low pressure region over the wing of this A340 is clearly shown by the condensation it causes in the humid air

A region of lower-than-normal air pressure is generated over the top surface of the wing, with a higher pressure existing on the bottom of the wing.