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Top-down and bottom-up are both strategies of information processing and knowledge ordering, mostly involving software, but also other humanistic and scientific theories ( see systemics ).
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Top-down and bottom-up
Though it is important to note that in Kimball methodology, the bottom-up process is the result of an initial business-oriented Top-down analysis of the relevant business processes to be modelled.
Top-down methods were favored in software engineering until the late 1980s, and object-oriented programming assisted in demonstrating the idea that both aspects of top-down and bottom-up programming could be utilized.
Top-down activity refers to cognitive processes that originate from the frontal lobe and require conscious thought whereas bottom-up activity begins from sensation of stimuli in the environment.
Top-down and are
Top-down parsers, on the other hand, hypothesize general parse tree structures and then consider whether the known fundamental structures are compatible with the hypothesis.
Top-down parsing is a strategy of analyzing unknown data relationships by hypothesizing general parse tree structures and then considering whether the known fundamental structures are compatible with the hypothesis.
* Top-down logical data models, on the other hand, are created in an abstract way by getting information from people who know the subject area.
Top-down teaching methods are employed, but students are expected to make their own decisions about how to use the knowledge they acquire.
Top-down and information
Top-down information fills in details about the recognized objects, and also about their expected behaviour as time progresses.
Top-down and mostly
Top-down activation arrives to L2 and L3 via L1 ( the mostly axonal layer that distributes activation locally across columns ).
Top-down and also
bottom-up and are
In the bottom-up approach, data marts are first created to provide reporting and analytical capabilities for specific business processes.
However, most of these projects are specific to individual nationalities ( riism from English speakers, for example ), and the only changes that have gained acceptance in the Esperanto community have been the minor and gradual bottom-up reforms discussed in the last section.
In computer science, LR parsers are a type of bottom-up parsers that efficiently handle deterministic context-free languages in guaranteed linear time.
In a bottom-up approach the individual base elements of the system are first specified in great detail.
The bottom-up approach is being utilized when off-the-shelf or existing components are selected and integrated into the product.
Building blocks are an example of bottom-up design because the parts are first created and then assembled without regard to how the parts will work in the assembly.
In a bottom-up approach, the individual base elements of the system are first specified in great detail.
Cognitively speaking, certain cognitive processes, such as fast reactions or quick visual identification, are considered bottom-up processes because they rely primarily on sensory information, whereas processes such as motor control and directed attention are considered top-down because they are goal directed.
In management and organizational arenas, the terms " top-down " and " bottom-up " are used to indicate how decisions are made.
In bottom-up organized organizations, e. g. ministries and their subordinate entities, decisions are prepared by experts in their fields, which define, out of their expertise, the policy they deem necessary.
This is an important issue, as although non-deterministic ( ND ) top-down and ND bottom-up tree automata are equivalent in expressive power, deterministic top-down automata are strictly less powerful than their deterministic bottom-up counterparts, because tree properties specified by deterministic top-down tree automata can only depend on path properties.
There are two differences with bottom-up tree automata: first,, the set of its initial states, replaces ; second, its transition rules are the converse, that is, rewrite rules from nodes whose roots are states to nodes whose child's roots are states.
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