Vulcanization or vulcanisation is a chemical process for converting rubber or related polymers into more durable materials via the addition of sulfur or other equivalent " curatives.

The circumstances attending the discovery of his celebrated process is thus described by Mr. Goodyear himself in his book, " Gum Elastic and Its Varieties, with a detailed account of its application and uses and of the Discovery of Vulcanization.

Vulcanization is an example of cross-linking.

Vulcanization is a step in the processing of several classes of rubbers, including polychloroprene ( Neoprene < sup > TM </ sup >), styrene-butadiene, and polyisoprene, which is chemically identical to natural rubber.

Vulcanization is an integral step that occurs halfway through the mold-making process.

* Vulcanization, the process of hardening or " curing " rubber

Vulcanization of rubber creates more disulfide bonds between chains, so it shortens each free section of chain.

" Vulcanization curve " showing the increase in viscosity of the polymeric material during crosslinking.

Vulcanization stabilized the rubber allowing it to be both durable and flexible.

Vulcanization serves two purposes: establishing the negative space inside the mold as well as hardening the rubber so it will remain strong and rigid during casting.

Your suggested solution, it seems to me, is grossly oversimplified and is inconsistent with your generally realistic attitude toward, and endorsement of, sound planning.

It would challenge sharply not the cult of the motor car itself but some of its ancillary beliefs and practices -- for instance, the doctrine that the fulfillment of life consists in proceeding from hither to yon, not for any advantage to be gained by arrival but merely to avoid the cardinal sin of stasis, or, as it is generally termed, staying put.

It is generally conceded that the Formosan air force is the best by far in Asia, and the army the best trained.

The total adverse impact of disease, insects, fire, weather, destructive animals, and other forces on the uses and values of forest resources is not generally recognized.

Any alteration of one of these factors is distortion, although we generally use that word only for effects so pronounced that they can be stated quantitatively on the basis of standard tests.

Now, the machine has been improved to a point where it is generally more economical than oil heat at temperatures down to 15 degrees.

It is generally an inaccurate method of rating, for the horsepower is that of the compressor motor, and many other components beside it determine how much cooling you'll get.

Above this point there is no generally used parallel ladder.

Advances in equipment and fabrication techniques give the sign or display manufacturer an extremely wide choice of production techniques, ranging from injection molding for intricate, smaller-size, mass-production signs ( generally 5000 units is the minimum ) to vacuum and pressure forming for larger signs of limited runs.

Brown ( 1959 ) has reviewed generally the various methods of assaying TSH, and the reader is referred to her paper for further information on the subject.

The great majority of present-day linguists fall into one or more of a number of overlapping types: those who are convinced that tone cannot be analysed, those who are personally scared of tone and tone languages generally, those who are convinced that tone is merely an unnecessary marginal feature in those languages where it occurs, those who have no idea how to proceed with tone analysis, those who take a simplistic view of the whole matter.

My answer is in the negative because I believe that total capital demands during the Sixties will continue to press against available supplies, and interest rates will generally tend to be firm at high levels.

In general, it appears that trustees and board members attempt to represent the public interest in their administration of educational policy, and this is made easier by the fact that the dominant values of the society are middle-class values, which are generally thought to be valid for the entire society.

In his analysis, however, he touches upon but fails to explore an idea, generally neglected in discussions of the book, which I believe is central to its art -- the importance of human hands as a recurring feature of the narrative.

The respectability which money confers implies a different etiquette, and, upon taking up the life of a London gentleman, Pip must learn from Herbert Pocket that `` the spoon is not generally used over-hand, but under ''.

Because of undesirable flavors, odors, colors, and generally low palatability associated with radiation treatment of this magnitude, the inactivation of enzymes is best accomplished prior to irradiation by the conventional heat-processing methods of blanching.

The polyester urethane foam is generally produced with adipic acid polyesters ; ;

An electrostatic system suffers generally from image plane curvature leading to defocusing in the peripheral image region if a flat viewing screen ( or interstage coupler ) is utilized, while a magnetic system requires accurate adjustment of the solenoid, which is heavy and bulky.

The packing efficiency, F.R., of fiber plates did not receive much attention in the literature, probably as it is high for the larger fibers generally used, until rather recently.

Intermarriage, which is generally regarded as a threat to Jewish survival, was regarded not with horror or apprehension but with a kind of mild, clinical disapproval.

Beer, generally fermented from barley, is an old alcoholic beverage.

With regard to the change we are examining, the question is, at what point does the change become irreversible??

In any event, it is an irreversible step, and if we are at all honest with ourselves, we will know we have no other alternative than to live in the world in which God has seen fit to place us.

In an adiabatic irreversible process, dQ = 0 is not equal to TdS ( TdS > 0 ) where Q is thermal energy, T is temperature, and S is entropy.

Conversely, an adiabatic process that is irreversible and extracts no work is in an isenthalpic process, such as viscous drag, progressing towards a nonnegative change in entropy.

Since at constant temperature, the entropy is proportional to the volume, the entropy increases in this case, therefore this process is irreversible.

Thus, when the fluid finally does strike the object, it is forced to change its properties -- temperature, density, pressure, and Mach number -- in an extremely violent and irreversible fashion called a shock wave.

Most of these side-effects disappear rapidly once the medication is discontinued or reduced, but others, particularly tardive dyskinesia, may be irreversible.

Central nervous system damage is also associated with irreversible tardive akathisia and / or tardive dysphrenia.

If a newer software version cannot save files that can be read by the older version, it is not backward compatible with the older version, although it may provide an irreversible upgrade capability for the old files.

However, according to Rady and coworkers, “ human death is a singular phenomenon characterized by irreversible cessation of all vital functions ( circulation, respiration, and consciousness )”.

However, Judeo-Christian thought also makes an " innovation of the first importance ", Eliade says, because it embraces the notion of linear, historical time ; in Christianity, " time is no longer the circular Time of the Eternal Return ; it has become linear and irreversible Time ".

Although denaturing egg whites is irreversible, in many other cases denaturing is reversible.

Chemical diffusion increases the entropy of a system, i. e. diffusion is a spontaneous and irreversible process.

Increases in entropy correspond to irreversible changes in a system, because some energy is expended as waste heat, limiting the amount of work a system can do.

As many of these detrimental effects have done irreversible damage to hellbender populations, it is important to conserve the remaining intact populations through protecting habitats and — perhaps in places where the species was once endemic and has been extirpated — by augmenting numbers through reintroduction.

* Stage 2 ( spontaneously irreversible ): The tissue now has a spongy consistency and is considered " pitting ": when pressed by the fingertips, the affected area indents and holds the indentation.

* Stage 3 ( lymphostatic elephantiasis ): At this stage, the swelling is irreversible and usually the limb ( s ) or affected area is very large.

In larger amounts, and apparently with far greater activity by inhalation, manganese can cause a poisoning syndrome in mammals, with neurological damage which is sometimes irreversible.