" In 2003, The UK ECT Review group published a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing ECT to placebo and antidepressant drugs.

Molecular systematic studies have suggested that these families are not closely related to each other and the APG II system ( 2003 ) assigns them to several different orders: Hamamelidaceae and Cercidiphyllaceae to Saxifragales, Eupteleaceae to Ranunculales, Platanaceae to Proteales, and Myrothamnaceae to Gunnerales.

In 2003, the South Korean government passed a law giving financial and systematic assistance to the agency, to reinforce staff and provide equipment.

" He stated the American people were unaware of " Zionism ’ s history, its racist foundation, its colonialist nature, and the systematic brutality of its daily dealings with the indigenous people of Palestine .” In 2003 Ahmad told Reason magazine that the Zionist movement had socialist and fascist wings, neither supportive of classical liberalism and that Israel today is “ characterized mostly as a socialist, militarist and racist entity ,” which he held are incompatible with “ libertarian ideals .”

Other researchers attempted more systematic explanations of how democracy might cause peace ( Köchler 1995 ), and of how democracy might also affect other aspects of foreign relations such as alliances and collaboration ( Ray 2003 ).

Introduced by Giorgi Japaridze in 2003, computability logic is a research programme and mathematical framework for redeveloping logic as a systematic formal theory of computability, as opposed to classical logic which is a formal theory of truth.

A 2003 study of selective and systematic stenting for limb-threatening ischemia reported restenosis rates at 1 year follow-up in 32. 3 % of selective stenting patients and 34. 7 % of systematic stenting patients.

A 2003 systematic review studied the scope and impact of industry sponsorship in biomedical research.

Colin Ewart Gunton ( 19 January 1941-6 May 2003 ) was a British systematic theologian.

A 2003 review from the U. S .' s National Institutes of Health found that, in general, systematic reviews of homeopathic preparations have not found homeopathy to be a definitively proven treatment for any medical condition.

The first edition of Simon's The Sciences of the Artificial, published in 1969 ( third edition available as: Simon 1996 ), built on previous developments and motivated the development of systematic and formalized design methodologies relevant to many design disciplines, for example architecture, engineering, urban planning, medicine, computer science, and management studies ( e. g. Baldwin and Clark 2000 ; Banathy 1996 ; Cross 1984 ; Long and Dowell 1989 ; Romme 2003 ; Van Aken 2004 ; Warfield 1990 ).

A recent systematic review suggested that physical therapy is effective, but there is only moderate evidence to support this conclusion.

A 1998 systematic review of studies assessing its prevalence in 13 countries concluded that about 31 % of cancer patients use some form of complementary and alternative medicine .< ref name = Ernst_Cassileth > Alternative medicine varies from country to country.

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published in the Archives of General Psychiatry showed up to one-third of the six-week effect of SSRI treatment can be seen in the first week.

Nevertheless, a 2009 systematic review and meta-analysis of trials in people diagnosed with schizophrenia found that less than half ( 41 %) showed any therapeutic response to an antipsychotic, compared to 24 % on placebo, and that there was a decline in treatment response over time, and possibly a bias in which trial results were published.

A systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration found no studies of sufficient quality to make any statement on the efficacy of the vaccine.

Guidelines issued by the UK-based National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE ), carried out a systematic review using different methodology and came to a different conclusion.

However, controversy exists as to tolerance to the anxiolytic effects with some evidence that benzodiazepines retain efficacy and opposing evidence from a systematic review of the literature that tolerance frequently occurs and some evidence that anxiety may worsen with long-term use.

A systematic review of CBT in depression and anxiety disorders concluded that " CBT delivered in primary care, especially including computer-or Internet-based self-help programs, is potentially more effective than usual care and could be delivered effectively by primary care therapists.

A systematic review found that the risk of death from manipulations to the neck outweighs the benefits.

“ Health effects of Relocation following disasters: a systematic review of literature ”.

Using techniques from science, engineering and statistics, such as the systematic review of medical literature, meta-analysis, risk-benefit analysis, and randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ), EBM aims for the ideal that healthcare professionals should make " conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence " in their everyday practice.

The systematic review of published research studies is a major method used for evaluating particular treatments.

A 2001 review of 160 Cochrane systematic reviews ( excluding complementary treatments ) in the 1998 database revealed that, according to two readers, 41. 3 % concluded positive or possibly positive effect, 20 % concluded evidence of no effect, 8. 1 % concluded net harmful effects, and 21. 3 % of the reviews concluded insufficient evidence.

The second area is the systematic review of medical literature to evaluate the best studies on specific topics.

For example, the strongest evidence for therapeutic interventions is provided by systematic review of randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trials with allocation concealment and complete follow-up involving a homogeneous patient population and medical condition.

It concludes from a systematic review of available research that,

*" A systematic review has found that hypnosis enhances the effects of cognitive behavioural therapy for conditions such as phobia, obesity, and anxiety.

According to a systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration, the best evidence in the treatment of LEMS exists for 3, 4-aminopyridine and IVIG.

A systematic review of the literature related to PID treatment was performed prior to the 2006 CDC sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines.

Consequently, a systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration ( published in 2008 ) found insufficient evidence to recommend the use of silver-treated dressings to treat infected wounds.

A systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration found no studies of sufficient quality to make any statement on the efficacy of the vaccine.

In a systematic review including two prospective studies of 47, XYY boys identified by newborn screening programs and one retrospective study of 47, XYY men identified by screening men over 184 cm ( 6 ' 0 ") in height, forty-two 47, XYY boys and men had an average 99. 5 verbal IQ and 106. 4 performance IQ .< ref name =" Ratcliffe 1994 ">

In a recent systematic review of eight trials of day care for disadvantaged children under 5 years of age, long term follow up showed lower pregnancy rates among adolescents.

Lomazzo's systematic codification of aesthetics, which typifies the more formalized and academic approaches typical of the later 16th century, controlled a consonance between the functions of interiors and the kinds of painted and sculpted decors that would be suitable.

" More comprehensive is the description by Richard Alan Nelson: " Propaganda is neutrally defined as a systematic form of purposeful persuasion that attempts to influence the emotions, attitudes, opinions, and actions of specified target audiences for ideological, political or commercial purposes through the controlled transmission of one-sided messages ( which may or may not be factual ) via mass and direct media channels.

Usability testing usually involves systematic observation under controlled conditions to determine how well people can use the product.

On systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration, randomized controlled trials have shown a trend towards improving pregnancy rates with pentoxifylline treatment ( odds ratio of 1. 54, 95 % CI 0. 89-2. 66 ) and a decreasing trend in pain scores with treatment ( mean difference-1. 60, 95 % CI-3. 32-0. 12 ).

A systematic review identified 20 randomised controlled trials and included 12, 303 participants, compared patients who received corticosteroids with patients who received no treatment.

In a 2005 meta-analysis and systematic review of six randomized controlled trials of osteopathic manipulative treatment ( OMT ) that involved blinded assessments of lower back pain in ambulatory settings, it was concluded that OMT significantly reduces low back pain, and that the level of pain reduction is greater than expected from placebo effects alone and persists for at least three months.

The spiral model combines the idea of iterative development ( prototyping ) with the systematic, controlled aspects of the waterfall model.

In addition, laparoscopic fundoplication may reduce SF-36 score ( quality of life questionnaire ) among patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease as compared to medical management according to a Cochrane systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

LMWH may reduce bleeding among patients with pulmonary embolism as compared to heparin according to a systematic review of randomized controlled trials by the Cochrane Collaboration.

A systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

It conducts systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health care interventions and tries to disseminate the results and conclusions derived from them.

It was developed in response to Archie Cochrane's call for up-to-date, systematic reviews of all relevant randomized controlled trials of health care.

Through the NHS R & D programme, led by the first Director of Research and Development Professor Michael Peckham, funds were provided to establish a ' Cochrane Centre ', to collaborate with others, in the UK and elsewhere, to facilitate systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials across all areas of health care.

In 2009 a systematic review of randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) of psychological therapies for the management of adult chronic pain ( excluding headache ) found that " CBT and BT have weak effects in improving pain.

In 2004, the British National Health Service's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE ) considered a systematic review of four randomized controlled trials before issuing guidelines for the use of LASIK within the NHS.

A 2009 systematic review of randomised controlled trials concludes that

A systematic review which assessed 34 controlled trials involving a total of 767 CES patients and 867 control patients reported that in 77 % of studies ( 26 of 34 ), CES was found to significantly reduce anxiety.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of existing randomized controlled trials came to the result that there is no evidence of a beneficial effect of PGP as measured by live birth rate.

In Wörishofen ( south Germany ), Kneipp developed the systematic and controlled application of hydrotherapy for the support of medical treatment that was delivered only by doctors at that time.

In dry regions, the systematic and controlled use of irrigation also contributes to uniform vintages.

AlbinoLeffe following the systematic match fixing as a club controlled by Singapore-based organized crime was penalized 10 points in the 2012 – 13 Lega Pro Prima Divisione.

The Cochrane Collaboration, a world-wide group that aims to provide compiled scientific evidence to aid well informed health care decisions, conducts systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health care interventions and tries to disseminate the results and conclusions derived from them.