During the period of the Iberian Union ( 1580 – 1640 ), Portugal lost influence and power and made new enemies.

* 1580 – One of the largest earthquakes recorded in the history of England, Flanders, or Northern France, takes place.

* 1580 – Battle of Alcântara.

* 1580 – Thomas Middleton, English dramatist ( d. 1627 )

# Albert Frederick of Prussia ( 1 June – 8 October 1580 ).

File: Indischer Maler um 1615 ( I ) 001. jpg | Portrait of Ibrâhîm ' Âdil Shâh II ( 1580 – 1626 ), Mughal Empire of India, 1615 AD

*** House of Aviz ( 1385 – 1580 ) – illegitimate male-line descent from the Capetian Dynasty

* 1580 – Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, French astronomer ( d. 1637 )

* 1580 – Giovanni Morone, Italian cardinal ( b. 1509 )

In February 1577, it was rumoured that Oxford's sister Mary would marry Lord Gerald Fitzgerald ( 1559 – 1580 ), but by 2 July, she was linked with Peregrine Bertie, later Lord Willoughby d ' Eresby.

* Daniel Heinsius, scholar of the Dutch Renaissance ( 1580 – 1655 )

* Snellius ( Willebrord Snel van Royen ) 1580 – 1626, Leiden ( Netherlands )

A map of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires in the period of Iberian Union under the personal union of the Spanish monarchs ( 1580 – 1640 ).

* Kings of Portugal ( 1580 – 1640 ),

After returning, Alafin Orompoto ( c. 1560 – 1580 ) built up an army based on heavily armed cavalry and long-service troops.

* John Young ( Regius Professor ) ( 1514 – 1580 ), English Catholic clergyman and academic

* 1580 – King Henry of Portugal ( b. 1512 )

* 1509 – Giovanni Morone, Italian cardinal ( d. 1580 )

* 1580 – Johann Stobäus, German composer ( d. 1646 )

* 1528 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy ( d. 1580 )

* 1580 – Philip II of Spain declares William the Silent to be an outlaw.

* 1580 – The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published.

* 1580 – ( baptised ) John Smith of Jamestown ( d. 1631 )

* July 10 – Alonso Jerónimo de Salas Barbadillo, novelist and dramatist ( b. c. 1580 )

Alonso Mudarra ( c. 1510 – April 1, 1580 ) was a Spanish composer and vihuelist of the Renaissance.

Seville: Alonso de la Barrera, 1580.

* Alonso Mudarra ( 1510 – 1580 ), Spanish composer and vihuelist

Between 1580 and 1640 the Crown of Portugal and the Crown of Spain were held by the same kings and therefore Casablanca and all other areas occupied by the Portuguese were under Spanish control, even though maintaining an autonomous Portuguese administration.

She knighted Francis Drake after his circumnavigation of the globe from 1577 to 1580, and he won fame for his raids on Spanish ports and fleets.

The Iberian Union with Portugal in 1580 not only unified the peninsula, but added that country's worldwide resources to the Spanish crown.

Macau's golden age coincided with the union of the Spanish and Portuguese crowns, between 1580 and 1640.

* 1580 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish poet and politician ( d. 1645 )

* September 8 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer ( b. 1580 )

* March 19 – Francisco de Araujo, Spanish theologian ( b. 1580 )

** Inés de Suárez, Spanish conquistadora ( d. 1580 )

In addition, as Portugal had been united with the Spanish crown, with which the Dutch Republic was at war in 1580, the Portuguese Empire became an appropriate target for Dutch military incursions.

As a result, following Henry's death Spain invaded Portugal and the Spanish king became Philip I of Portugal in 1580.

Portugal was officially an autonomous state, but, in actuality, the country was under the rule of the Spanish from 1580 to 1640.

* KIRT 1580 AM Spanish

Jerónimo ( or Gerónimo ) de Zurita y Castro ( 1512 – 3 November 1580 ) was a Spanish historian of the sixteenth century who founded the modern tradition of historical scholarship in Spain.

The treaty was rendered meaningless between 1580 and 1640 while the Spanish King was also King of Portugal.

Declared an outlaw by the Spanish king in 1580, he was assassinated by Balthasar Gérard ( also written as " Gerardts ") in Delft four years later.

Achates was an English galleon ( one of a squadron of six ships ) that took part in William Winter's campaign of 1580, against the Spanish who had occupied the fort at Smerwick, Ireland.

Meanwhile, the Dutch also lost formerly occupied Baia de Todos os Santos, Salvador de Bahia, 12 ° 48 ′ S 38 ° 38 ′ W in Brazil, 1 May 1625, under the heavy attacks of the Spanish – Portuguese Fleet, commanded by the Captain General of the Spanish Navy, since 1617, Admiral Fadrique II de Toledo Osorio y Mendoza ( Naples, Italy, May 1580 – 11 December 1634 ), 1st Marquis of Villanueva de Valdueza, and, since 17 January 1624, Knight of the Order of Santiago.

In the 17th century, the Portuguese lost almost all of their valuable Indian Ocean trade to the Dutch and the English who, taking advantage from the Spanish ruling over Portugal ( 1580 – 1640 ), occupied by force almost all Portuguese dominations in the area.

In 1580, Ingelmunster became the battlefield of a clash between the French Huguenots, under François de la Noue, and the Spanish occupying the castle.

Spanish writer Francisco de Quevedo ( 1580 – 1645 ), with what appear to be " nose spectacles "

Hortensio Félix Paravicino y Arteaga ( October 12, 1580 – December 12, 1633 ) was a Spanish preacher and poet from the noble house of Pallavicini.