* 1667 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant ' Agnese in Agone ( b. 1599 )

* 1599 – Méric Casaubon, English scholar ( d. 1671 )

* 1565 – Cornelis de Houtman, Dutch explorer ( d. 1599 )

* 1599 – Henry Wallop, English statesman

* 1599 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general ( b. 1538 )

* 1599 – Oliver Cromwell, English military and politician ( d. 1658 )

* 1577 – Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman ( d. 1599 )

Francesco Borromini, byname of Francesco Castelli ( 25 September 1599 – 3 August 1667 ), was an architect from Ticino who, with his contemporaries Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Pietro da Cortona, was a leading figure in the emergence of Roman Baroque architecture.

* 1599 – Pope Alexander VII ( d. 1667 )

* 1538 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general ( d. 1599 )

John Alden ( 1599 – September 12, 1687 ) is said to be the first person from the Mayflower to set foot on Plymouth Rock in 1620.

* 1671 – Méric Casaubon, English scholar ( b. 1599 )

* Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg ( 11 November 1599 – 28 March 1655 ).

The Kazakh Khanate is described in historical texts such as the Tarikh-i-Rashidi ( 1541 – 1545 ) by Muhammad Haidar Dughlat, and Zhamigi-at-Tavarikh ( 1598 – 1599 ) by Kadyrgali Kosynuli Zhalayir.

Zanabazar ( 1635 – 1723 ), Zaya Pandita ( 1599 – 1662 ) and Danzanravjaa ( 1803 – 1856 ) are among the most famous Mongolian holy men.

* 1667 – Pope Alexander VII ( b. 1599 )

Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg ( 11 November 1599 – 28 March 1655 ) was a German princess and queen consort of Sweden.

* 1599 – Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter ( d. 1641 )

* 1660 – Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, English socialite ( b. 1599 )

* 1599 – Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer ( b. 1528 )

Politically ambitious, and a committed general, he was placed under house arrest following a poor campaign in Ireland during the Nine Years ' War in 1599.

He fell into dispute with Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, and only prevailed upon the latter's poor campaign against the Irish rebels during the Nine Years War in 1599.

The wars culminated in the Nine Years ' War ( Ireland ) in which the Irish displayed remarkable bravery, determination and prowess in their resistance, being able to defeat the English in many battles, most notably the battle of Clontibret in 1595, the battle of the Yellow Ford in 1598 and the battle of Curlew Pass in 1599.

In 1599, during the Nine Years War ( 1595 – 1603 ), he went to Ireland with Essex, who made him general of his horse, but the queen insisted that the appointment be cancelled.

On 15 August 1599, the Battle of Curlew Pass between English and Irish forces was fought in the Curlew mountains during the Nine Years ' War, between an English force under Sir Conyers Clifford and a rebel Irish force led by Aodh Rua Ó Dónaill.

Ironically, in 1599, Fox's father, also Hubert, had signed an agreement of " surrender and regrant " with the English crown to avoid the complete destruction of his estates following the Nine Years ' War: the lands were returned to Fox senior in recognition of his fealty.

The MacDermots were vigorous supporters of Ireland ’ s Nine Years War against England and were conspicuous in the Irish victory at the Battle of Curlew Pass in 1599.

The staunch Protestant Duke Charles forced the Catholic King to let go of the throne of Sweden in 1599, a part of the preliminary religious strife before the Thirty Years ' War, and reigned as regent before taking the throne as Charles IX of Sweden in 1604.

In 1599 van Meteren wrote a book titled Belgische ofte Nederlandsche Historie van onzen Tijden, detailing the events of the first part of the Eighty Years ' War between the Netherlands and Spain.

* Ottavio Piccolomini ( 1599 – 1656 ), Imperial general in the Thirty Years ' War, prominent in the events leading to Albrecht von Wallenstein's assassination, and basis for a main character in Schiller's Wallenstein.

Christian the Younger ( September 20, 1599 – June 16, 1626 ), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Bishop of Halberstadt, was a German Protestant military leader during the Thirty Years ' War.

Oliver Cromwell ( 1599 – 1658 ), the Parliamentarian leader who overthrew the monarchy during the English Civil War, was a great-great-grandson of Thomas Cromwell's sister, Katherine Cromwell ( born circa 1482 ).

What You Will was one of the plays involved in the War of the Theatres in 1599 – 1601.

Traditionally, though without strong external attribution, Histriomastix has been regarded as his first play ; performed by either the Children of Paul's or the students of the Middle Temple in around 1599, it appears to have sparked the War of the Theatres, the literary feud between Marston, Jonson and Dekker that took place between around 1599 and 1602.

Lasting from 1598 to 1599, it is also called War of Deposition against Sigismund, since the focus of the conflicts was the attempt to depose the latter from the throne of Sweden.

The conflict between Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden can trace its roots to the War against Sigismund, where Sigismund III Vasa, at one time king of both the Commonwealth and Sweden, lost the throne of Sweden during the civil war ( 1597 – 1599 ).

* The War against Sigismund ( 1598 – 1599 )

* The War against Sigismund ( 1598 – 1599 )

* The War against Sigismund ( 1598 – 1599 )

John Byron, 1st Baron Byron ( 1599, Newstead, Nottinghamshire – 23 August 1652 ) was an English Royalist and supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War.

His chief works are the " Guerra di Cipro " ' War of Cyprus ' ( 1570 – 72 ) and the " Storia Veneziana " a continuation of Bembo's history, embracing the years 1513 to 1551, which was at first written in Latin and subsequently in Italian, published until posthumously in 1599.

Richard Overton ( c. 1599 – 1664 ) was an English pamphleteer and Leveller during the Civil War.