* 1667 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant ' Agnese in Agone ( b. 1599 )

* 1599 – Nine Years ' War: Battle of Curlew Pass – Irish forces led by Hugh Roe O ' Donnell successfully ambush English forces, led by Sir Conyers Clifford, sent to relieve Collooney Castle.

* 1565 – Cornelis de Houtman, Dutch explorer ( d. 1599 )

* 1599 – Henry Wallop, English statesman

* 1599 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general ( b. 1538 )

* 1599 – Oliver Cromwell, English military and politician ( d. 1658 )

* 1577 – Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman ( d. 1599 )

Francesco Borromini, byname of Francesco Castelli ( 25 September 1599 – 3 August 1667 ), was an architect from Ticino who, with his contemporaries Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Pietro da Cortona, was a leading figure in the emergence of Roman Baroque architecture.

* 1599 – Pope Alexander VII ( d. 1667 )

* 1538 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general ( d. 1599 )

John Alden ( 1599 – September 12, 1687 ) is said to be the first person from the Mayflower to set foot on Plymouth Rock in 1620.

* 1671 – Méric Casaubon, English scholar ( b. 1599 )

* Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg ( 11 November 1599 – 28 March 1655 ).

The Kazakh Khanate is described in historical texts such as the Tarikh-i-Rashidi ( 1541 – 1545 ) by Muhammad Haidar Dughlat, and Zhamigi-at-Tavarikh ( 1598 – 1599 ) by Kadyrgali Kosynuli Zhalayir.

Zanabazar ( 1635 – 1723 ), Zaya Pandita ( 1599 – 1662 ) and Danzanravjaa ( 1803 – 1856 ) are among the most famous Mongolian holy men.

* 1667 – Pope Alexander VII ( b. 1599 )

Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg ( 11 November 1599 – 28 March 1655 ) was a German princess and queen consort of Sweden.

* 1599 – Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter ( d. 1641 )

* 1660 – Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, English socialite ( b. 1599 )

* 1599 – Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer ( b. 1528 )

* July 14 – Méric Casaubon, English classical scholar ( b. 1599 )

( Florence Estienne ) Méric Casaubon ( 14 August 1599, Geneva – 14 July 1671, Canterbury ), son of Isaac Casaubon, was a French-English classical scholar.

* Méric Casaubon ( 1599 – 1671 ), French-English classical scholar, son of Isaac

In January 1599, he received a summons to return to Paris, but the terms of the letter were so vague that Casaubon hesitated to act on it.

* R. W. Serjeantson, ‘ Casaubon, ( Florence Estienne ) Meric ( 1599 – 1671 )’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 8 Feb 2009

* July 14-Méric Casaubon, classical scholar ( born 1599 )

In 1599 John Farmer dedicated a second book to Oxford, The First Set of English Madrigals, alluding in the dedication to Oxford's own proficiency as a musician.

The English outbreak is thought to have spread from the Netherlands, where the bubonic plague had been occurring intermittently since 1599, with the initial contagion arriving with Dutch trading ships carrying bales of cotton from Amsterdam.

* 1599 – Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English statesman and writer ( d. 1680 )

For later plays such as Othello, Shakespeare probably used the 1599 English translation of Gasparo Contarini's The Commonwealth and Government of Venice for some details about Venice's laws and customs.

** Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English statesman and writer ( b. 1599 )

** Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, English socialite ( b. 1599 )

* August 21 – Henry Grey, 1st Earl of Stamford, English soldier ( b. c. 1599 )

Oliver Cromwell ( 1599 – 1658 ), the Parliamentarian leader who overthrew the monarchy during the English Civil War, was a great-great-grandson of Thomas Cromwell's sister, Katherine Cromwell ( born circa 1482 ).

* Robert Blake ( admiral ) ( 1599 – 1657 ), English naval commander

Sigismund III Vasa (,, English exonym: Sigmund ; 20 June 1566 – 30 April 1632 ) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, a monarch of the united Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden ( where he is known simply as Sigismund ) from 1592 until he was deposed in 1599.

George Silver, an English fencer who wrote two books ( 1599, 1605 ) including lengthy sections on staff fighting does not use the term " quarterstaff ", but instead calls it a " short staff " ( as opposed to the " long staff ").

* Robert Walker ( painter ) ( 1599 – 1658 ), English portrait painter

The earliest use in English cited by the Oxford English Dictionary is a 1599 Spanish-English dictionary and grammar.

Sir Arthur Chichester was appointed by the Earl of Essex to govern the castle and town in 1599 and was responsible for the plantation of English and Scottish peoples in the town, as well as the building of the town wall.

According to Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, the term classical, from classicus, entered modern English in 1599, some 50 years after its re-introduction on the continent.

The earliest surviving English census is that for Ealing in 1599.

The wars culminated in the Nine Years ' War ( Ireland ) in which the Irish displayed remarkable bravery, determination and prowess in their resistance, being able to defeat the English in many battles, most notably the battle of Clontibret in 1595, the battle of the Yellow Ford in 1598 and the battle of Curlew Pass in 1599.