In 1139, Bernard assisted at the Second Council of the Lateran.

Because clerics resisted it, the celibacy mandate was restated at the Second Lateran Council ( 1139 ) and the Council of Trent ( 1545 – 64 ).

29 of the Second Lateran Council under Pope Innocent II in 1139 banned the use of crossbows against Christians.

Celibacy among the clergy is a relavtively recent practice: it became Church policy at the Second Lateran Council in 1139.

The Roman Catholic Church recognizes as ecumenical various councils held later than the First Council of Ephesus ( after which churches out of communion with the Holy See because of the Nestorian Schism did not participate ), later than the Council of Chalcedon ( after which there was no participation by churches that rejected Dyophysitism ), later than the Second Council of Nicaea ( after which there was no participation by the Eastern Orthodox Church ), and later than the Fifth Council of the Lateran ( after which groups that adhered to Protestantism did not participate ).

Second Council of the Lateran ( 1139 ) reaffirmed Lateran I and addressed clerical discipline ( dress, marriages ).

This rule was changed by the Second Lateran council of 1139.

By the Second Lateran council of 1139, at which King Roger II of Sicily, Innocent II's most uncompromising foe, was excommunicated, peace was at last restored to the Church.

* 1139: in April, the Second Lateran Council ends the papal schism.

* Second Council of the Lateran: The Anacletus schism is settled, and priestly celibacy is made mandatory in the Catholic Church.

The Second Lateran Council in 1139 prohibited the use of crossbows against other Christians, although it did not prevent its use against non-Christians.

The Second Council of the Lateran is believed to have been the Tenth Ecumenical Council by Roman Catholics.

He went to Rome for his pallium and took part in the Second Lateran Council.

Apart from earlier dogmatic declarations given in the Second Synod of Orange of 529 and in the Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 ( see Denzinger, 191, 430 ), the Council of Trent upheld the traditional doctrine of merit by insisting that life everlasting is both a grace and a reward ( Sess.

Sixteen years later, the Second Lateran Council ( 1139 ), in which some five hundred bishops took part, enacted the following canons:

However, although the decrees of the Second Council of the Lateran might still be interpreted in the older sense of prohibiting marriage only after ordination, they came to be understood as absolute prohibitions, and, while the fact of being married was formally made a canonical impediment to ordination only with the 1917 Code of Canon Law, the prohibition of marriage for all clerics in major orders began to be taken simply for granted.

The Second Lateran Council is thus often cited as having for the first time introduced a general law of celibacy, requiring ordination only of unmarried men.

The New Catholic Encyclopedia states: " The Second Lateran Council ( 1139 ) seems to have enacted the first written law making sacred orders a diriment impediment to marriage for the universal Church.

While the 11th century Gregorian Reform's campaign against clerical marriage and concubinage met strong opposition, by the time of the Second Lateran Council it had won widespread support from lay and ecclesiastical leaders.

Innocent II quickly convened the Second Lateran Council in 1139 and reinforced the Church's teachings against usury, clerical marriage, and other problems.

The Second Council of the Lateran in 1139 removed the requirement that the assent of the lower clergy and the laity be obtained, while the Third Council of the Lateran in 1179 gave equal rights to the entire College of Cardinals when electing a new pope.

* History of Italy: National Fascist Party, March on Rome, Italian Empire, Corfu incident, Second Italo-Abyssinian War, Lateran Treaty, and Invasion of Albania

* 1962 – Representatives from the Russian Orthodox Church and Vatican City meet in Metz, France, and come to an agreement wherein the Russian church would send observers to the Second Vatican Council and in exchange, the Roman Catholic Church would refuse to condemn Communism.

In 381, at the Second Ecumenical Council in Constantinople, a group of mainly Eastern bishops assembled and accepted the Nicene Creed of 381, which was supplemented in regard to the Holy Spirit, as well as some other changes: see Comparison between Creed of 325 and Creed of 381.

The teaching of the Second Vatican Council on apostolic succession has been summed up as follows:

From the early Middle Ages until after the Second Vatican Council the sacrament was administered, within the Latin Church, only when death was approaching and, in practice, bodily recovery was not ordinarily looked for, giving rise, as mentioned above to the name " Extreme Unction " ( i. e. final anointing ).

Following the death of his son Leo IV in 780, the empress Irene restored the veneration of images through the agency of the Second Council of Nicaea in 787.

# REDIRECT Second Vatican Council

This argument is based on the view that the surviving anti-Treaty members of the Second Dáil delegated their " authority " to the IRA Army Council in 1938.

Much more than the Second Council of Nicaea ( 787 ) the Council fathers of Trent stressed the pedagogical purpose of Christian images.

After the Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican ( Vatican II ) closed in 1965, it became apparent that the Code would need to be revised in light of the documents and theology of Vatican II.

After the Second Vatican Council many missionary orders aimed at converting Jews to Christianity no longer actively sought to missionize ( or proselytize ) among Jews.

The Council of Chalcedon was convened by Emperor Marcian, with the reluctant approval of Pope Leo the Great, to set aside the 449 Second Council of Ephesus, better known as the " Robber Council ".

On August 8, 449 the Second Council of Ephesus began its first session with Dioscorus presiding by command of the Emperor.

St. Cyril received an important recognition of his preachingss by the Second Council of Constantinople ( 553 d. C .) which declared ;

There was an opinion in the Church that viewed that perhaps the Council understood the Church of Alexandria correctly, but wanted to curtail the existing power of the Alexandrine Hierarch, especially after the events that happened several years before at Constantinople from Pope Theophilus of Alexandria towards Patriarch John Chrysostom and the unfortunate turnouts of the Second Council of Ephesus in AD 449, where Eutichus misled Pope Dioscorus and the Council in confessing the Orthodox Faith in writing and then renouncing it after the Council, which in turn, had upset Rome, especially that the Tome which was sent was not read during the Council sessions.

* 769 – The Lateran Council condemned the Council of Hieria and anathematized its iconoclastic rulings.

Alan spent many years teaching at the school in Paris and he attended the Lateran Council in 1179.

His chief work on penance, the Liber poenitenitalis dedicated to Henry de Sully, exercised great influence on the many manuals of penance produced as a result of the Fourth Lateran Council.

The doctrines of his followers, known as the Amalricians, were formally condemned by the fourth Lateran Council in 1215.

Andrew, in contrast with the decisions of the Fourth Council of the Lateran, often employed Jews and Muslims in the royal household.

Popes, bishops, and priests married and sired children for over a thousand years after Christ Celibacy was first written into law for all priests in the 12th century at the First Lateran Council ( 1123 ).

On March 16, 1517, the Fifth Council of the Lateran closed its activities with a number of reform proposals ( on the selection of bishops, taxation, censorship and preaching ) but not on the major problems that confronted the Church in Germany and other parts of Europe.

This object had been one of the causes calling forth the reformatory councils and had been lightly touched upon by the Fifth Council of the Lateran under Pope Julius II.

The founder, having heard that it was probable that Pope Gregory X, then holding a council at Lyon, would suppress all such new orders as had been founded since the Lateran Council, having commanded that such institutions should not be further multiplied, went to Lyon.

In 1215 he went to Rome in order to report to the Curia on the condition and prospects of his mission, and was consecrated first " Bishop of Prussia " at the Fourth Council of the Lateran.

The Concordat was confirmed by the First Council of the Lateran in 1123.

Roman Legate Hilary, who as pope dedicated an oratory in the Lateran Basilica in thanks for his life, managed to escape from Constantinople and brought news of the Council to Leo who immediately dubbed it a " synod of robbers " — Latrocinium — and refused to accept its pronouncements.

Decisions of Catholic Church councils — in particular, those of the Council of Tours ( 1163 ) and of the Third Council of the Lateran ( 1179 )— had scarcely more effect upon the Cathars.

In 1215, the bishops of the Catholic Church met at the Fourth Council of the Lateran under Pope Innocent III.

The Third Council of the Lateran of 1179 guaranteed the access – now largely free of charge – of all able applicants, who were, however, still tested for aptitude by the ecclesiastic scholastic.