For the cutting of complex geometries, there are also flexible versions of the linear shaped charge, these with a lead or high-density foam sheathing and a ductile / flexible liner material, which also is often lead.

Large cold-cathode fluorescent lamps ( CCFLs ) have been produced in the past, and are still used today when shaped, long-life linear light sources are required.

Accelerating objects up to such velocities is difficult ; current techniques include linear motors and shaped charges.

Some species have linear to lanceolate shaped leaves, and others have elliptic-to ovate-shaped leaves ; often the leaves decrease in size as they progress up the stems.

By now the town had developed from a locality of mud cabins in the early 1660s to a linear shaped urban settlement consisting mainly of thatched cabins, replaced in due course by solid cottages through efforts of the Irish Land and Labour Association ( ILLA ) founded in 1894.

for linear, disk and spherical symmetrical shaped functions in 1, 2 and 3-dimensional Euclidian k-spaces respectively.

In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface.

This can be done by explosively separating the nozzle and / or splitting the case lengthwise with a linear shaped charge.

The Condor's linear shaped charge warhead detonated on impact.

The multitude of linear and irregular shaped lakes ( dark features ) are the result of gouging or scouring action caused by the continental ice sheets that once moved across this area.

For example, a " cigar " shaped prolate ellipsoid indicates a strongly linear anisotropy, a " flying saucer " or oblate spheroid represents diffusion in a plane, and a sphere is indicative of isotropic diffusion, equal in all directions.

A linear charge coupled device ( CCD ) array with 200 pixels is used as the detector.

* In the physics of electric fields, lambda sometimes indicates the linear charge density of a uniform line of electric charge ( measured in coulombs per meter ).

* Since the water molecule is not linear and the oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen atoms, it carries a slight negative charge, whereas the hydrogen atoms are slightly positive.

Figure 1: Thiol-disulfide exchange showing the linear intermediate in which the charge is shared among the three sulfur atoms.

Suppose that a particle of charge experiences an acceleration which is collinear with its velocity ( this is the relevant case for linear accelerators ).

Extrapolation beyond is not linear since other failure modes, caused by decreasing charge acceptance resulting in positive electrode swelling and thermal instability, could control the battery life.

The electric current equation can be viewed as a convective current of electric charge that involves linear motion.

The electric field of a light beam causes a linear displacement of charge when interacting with a molecule ( electric dipole ), whereas the magnetic field of it causes a circulation of charge ( magnetic dipole ).

The conservation of electric charge, by contrast, can be derived by considering zero X < sub > μ </ sub >< sup > ν </ sup >= 0 and Ψ linear in the fields φ themselves.

Since the electromagnetic charge Q is a linear combination of some SU ( 2 ) generator with Y / 2, these monopoles also have quantized magnetic charges, where by magnetic here, we mean electromagnetic magnetic charges.

For example, Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism are linear in the electric and magnetic fields, and charge and current distributions ( i. e. the sum of two solutions is also a solution ); another example is Schrödinger's equation of quantum mechanics which is linear in the wavefunction.

The number of reflected electrons is a linear measure of the target's original positive charge, which, in turn, is a measure of brightness.

where ρ is the electric charge density at a given point and v is the instantaneous linear velocity of that point.

Dickson charge pump with linear MOSFET in parallel with diode-wired MOSFET.

Dark current is greatest at " hot pixels " within the image sensor ; the variable dark charge of normal and hot pixels can be subtracted off ( using " dark frame subtraction "), leaving only the shot noise, or random component, of the leakage ; if dark-frame subtraction is not done, or if the exposure time is long enough that the hot pixel charge exceeds the linear charge capacity, the noise will be more than just shot noise, and hot pixels appear as salt-and-pepper noise.

This reduction has been accomplished by the general methods of linear algebra, i.e., by the primary decomposition theorem.

Moreover, whereas in Interstate Commerce Commission parlance `` variable cost '' means a cost deemed to vary in direct proportion to changes in rate of output, in the type of analysis now under review `` variable cost '' has been used more broadly, so as to cover costs which, while a function of some one variable ( such as output of energy, or number of customers ), are not necessarily a linear function.

The analysis of variance has been studied from several approaches, the most common of which uses a linear model that relates the response to the treatments and blocks.

Because CCD imagers are linear, image processing may be used to subtract away the effects of light pollution, which has increased the popularity of astrophotography in urban areas.

Premultiplied alpha has some practical advantages over normal alpha blending because premultiplied alpha blending is associative and linear interpolation gives better results, although premultiplication can cause a loss of precision and, in extreme cases, a noticeable loss of quality.

The trackbed from Accrington to Baxenden is now a linear treelined cycleway / footpath. As of November 2011 Hyndburn borough council has plans to re-open the rail link to manchester.

The tensor product X ⊗ Y from X and Y is a K-vector space Z with a bilinear function T: X × Y → Z which has the following universal property: If T ′: X × Y → Z ′ is any bilinear function into a K-vector space Z ′, then only one linear function f: Z → Z ′ with exists.

An extension that has gained significant popularity since 2003 is Satisfiability modulo theories ( SMT ) that can enrich CNF formulas with linear constraints, arrays, all-different constraints, uninterpreted functions, etc.

* In a vector field describing the linear velocities of each part of a rotating disk, the curl has the same value at all points.

Ongoing research on computational linguistics has focused on formulating other classes of languages that are " mildly context-sensitive " whose decision problems are feasible, such as tree-adjoining grammars, combinatory categorial grammars, coupled context-free languages, and linear context-free rewriting systems.

The crankshaft has a linear axis about which it rotates, typically with several bearing journals riding on replaceable bearings ( the main bearings ) held in the engine block.

However, Judeo-Christian thought also makes an " innovation of the first importance ", Eliade says, because it embraces the notion of linear, historical time ; in Christianity, " time is no longer the circular Time of the Eternal Return ; it has become linear and irreversible Time ".

which has the intuitive interpretation ( see Figure 1 ) that the tangent line to f at a gives the best linear approximation

In mathematics, any vector space, V, has a corresponding dual vector space ( or just dual space for short ) consisting of all linear functionals on V. Dual vector spaces defined on finite-dimensional vector spaces can be used for defining tensors.

In principle the database storage can be viewed as a linear address space, where every bit of data has its unique address in this address space.

The determinant provides important information when the matrix is that of the coefficients of a system of linear equations, or when it corresponds to a linear transformation of a vector space: in the first case the system has a unique solution if and only if the determinant is nonzero, while in the second case that same condition means that the transformation has an inverse operation.

In principle the database storage can be viewed as a linear address space, where every bit of data has its unique address in this address space.

The Alpha has a 64-bit linear virtual address space with no memory segmentation.

Every module over a division ring has a basis ; linear maps between finite-dimensional modules over a division ring can be described by matrices, and the Gaussian elimination algorithm remains applicable.

The term " low ceiling diuretic " is used to indicate that a diuretic has a rapidly flattening dose effect curve ( in contrast to " high ceiling ", where the relationship is close to linear ).

** a linear equation has degree one,