By 312 BC, the situation was bleak for Rome and became bleaker when, in 311 BC, the Etruscans in Etruria and Campania defected to the Samnites.

By 1980 the town had a total of 6, 548 residents, 4, 311 in Gregg County and 2, 237 in Upshur County.

By 311 the largest barbarian state, Han Zhao, would conquer the Jin capital at Luoyang ; and by 316, would capture the co-capital of Chang ' an as well, thus ending the Western Jin and ushering in a two-centuries-long division of China.

By November 23, 2007, 6, 311 rockets had fallen on the city.

By October 1970 the Carrimore Car Transporter Mark V ( 1146 ) had grown to three decks and Gift Set 20 again featured the transporter complete with six cars now fitted with Whizzwheels ; Lancia Fulvia Zagato ( 372 ), Marcos 3 Litre ( 377 ), MGC GT ( 378 ), Ford Capri 3 Litre ( 311 ), The Saint's Volvo P1800 ( 201 ) and Pontiac Firebird ( 343 ).

By 1952, US 311 was rerouted west of downtown Winston-Salem, following Waughtown Road, Stadium Drive, Claremont Avenue and 7th Street, to New Walkertown Road.

By 2002, new releases on Capricorn were not to be, as remaining artists were dropped, transferred to Volcano ( 311 ), or moved to other labels ( Cake ).

By the time he left for college in September 1949, Talese had written some 311 stories and columns for the Sentinel-Ledger.

By 335 BC he had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum.

By the 27th century BC Egyptian writing had a set of some 24 hieroglyphs which are called uniliterals, to represent syllables that begin with a single consonant of their language, plus a vowel ( or no vowel ) to be supplied by the native speaker.

By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established.

By the late 5th century BC, philosophers might separate Aphrodite into two separate goddesses, not individuated in cult: Aphrodite Ourania, born from the sea foam after Cronus castrated Uranus, and Aphrodite Pandemos, the common Aphrodite " of all the folk ," born from Zeus and Dione.

By the end of the reign of Naram-Sin's son, Shar-kali-sharri ( 2217 – 2193 BC ), the empire had weakened.

By the middle of the 2nd millennium BC, the Babylonian mathematics had a sophisticated sexagesimal positional numeral system.

By 300 BC, a punctuation symbol ( two slanted wedges ) was co-opted as a placeholder in the same Babylonian system.

By 473 BC, after the death of Phrynichus, one of his chief rivals, Aeschylus was the yearly favorite in the Dionysia, winning first prize in nearly every competition.

By 431 BC Athens ' heavy-handed control of the Delian League would prompt the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War ; the League was dissolved upon the war's conclusion in 404 BC.

By 500 BC, Ionia appears to have been ripe for rebellion against these Persian clients.

By 150 BC, Assyria was under the control of the Parthian Empire as Athura ( the Parthian word for Assyria ) where the Assyrian city of Ashur seems to have gained a degree of autonomy, and temples to the native gods of Assyria were resurrected.

By the 7th century BC, much of the Assyrian population used Akkadian influenced Eastern Aramaic and not Akkadian itself.

By the 1st century BC, Aediles were elected in July, and took office on the first day in January.

By 1000 BC Greek and Phoenician traders had begun to visit the eastern coast of Spain, establishing small trading ports and introducing the native Iberian tribes to the alphabet, iron and the pottery wheel.

By the 3rd century BC, the rival armies of Carthage and Rome began to invade and fight for control of the Iberian Peninsula.

By the terms of the Thirty Years ' Peace ( 445 BC ) Athens covenanted to restore to Aegina her autonomy, but the clause remained a dead letter.

By the 8th – 7th century BC Assyrian cuneiform tablets mention the exploitation of the " copper of the mountains " and this may refer to " natural " brass.

By the first century BC brass was available in sufficient supply to use as coinage in Phrygia and Bithynia, and after the Augustan currency reform of 23 BC it was also used to make Roman dupondii and sestertii.

By 1000 BC ancient civilizations were using technologies that formed the basis of the various branches of chemistry such as ; extracting metal from their ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, making pigments for cosmetics and painting, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, making cheese, dying cloth, tanning leather, rendering fat into soap, making glass, and making alloys like bronze.

By the end of the 2nd millennium BC, the Zhou Dynasty began to emerge in the Yellow River valley, overrunning the territory of the Shang.

By roughly the 1st century BC, the ancient kingdom of Buyeo also had mounted warriors.

By the 200s BC, the crossbow () was well developed and quite widely used in China.

By the 9th century BC, the Kingdom of Israel, once united under King Solomon, was divided into the northern Kingdom of Israel and southern Kingdom of Judah, which retained the historic seat of government and focus of the Israelite religion at the Temple in Jerusalem.

By what right of superior virtue, Southerners ask, do the people of the North do this??

By 1937 he had clarified his intentions to serve his people: `` I have striven for clarity and melodious idiom, but at the same time I have by no means attempted to restrict myself to the accepted methods of harmony and melody.

By the time Felix turned up it was early afternoon, which, one would think, would be late enough so that by then, except for small children and a few hardy souls who had not yet sobered up, it could have been expected that people would no longer be having any sort of active interest in the previous night's noisemakers and paper hats.

By the beginning of 1204, Isaac II and Alexios IV had inspired little confidence among the people of Constantinople in their efforts to defend the city from the Latins and Venetians, who were restless and rioted when the money and aid promised by Alexios IV was not forthcoming.

By improving stress-management, the technique can be an adjunct to psychotherapy for people with disabilities, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, panic attacks, stuttering, and chronic pain.

By the fall, 4, 000 people from around the country had joined his campaign.

By 1000AD the Bantu colonization of the eastern half of South Africa had been completed ( but not Western Cape and Northern Cape, which are believed to have been inhabited by Khoisan people until Dutch colonisation ).

By the 1890s, the portion from 23rd Street to 34th Street was so brightly illuminated by electrical advertising signs, that people began calling it " The Great White Way.

By that time, the majority of black people were U. S .- born, so use of the term " African " became problematic.

By changing Bovril to a non-meat base, Unilever hoped to increase sales there, where people enjoy Bovril stirred into porridge.

By the mid-20th century, the number of examples of people skipping stages, such as going from hunter-gatherers to post-industrial service occupations in one generation, were so numerous that 19th-century evolutionism was effectively disproved.

By 1914, around 100 people — men, women, and children — were living on Clipperton Island, resupplied every two months by a ship from Acapulco.

By the 1980s many colleges had recognised a community need for computer training and since then thousands of people have been up-skilled through IT courses.

By the late 19th century, as a result of the faster shipping, expanding fishery and industrialization of the island, exchanges of people between the island of Newfoundland and Cape Breton increased beginning a cultural exchange that continues to this day.

By the fourth century, however, " confessors "— people who had confessed their faith not by dying but by word and life — began to be venerated publicly.

By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the purpose of the ceramic and technological state of the people among other conclusions.

By 1988, several people demanded reform within the Communist Party itself.

By 1880, almost a thousand Chinese people, " one for every five Caucasians ," lived in Carson City.

By the 1860 census on the verge of the Civil War, 91. 7 percent of the black population, or nearly 20, 000 people, were free.

By Part II, people know about him through " having read his adventures ", and so, he needs to do less to maintain his image.

" By various stratagems the jealous king seeks his death, but the plots only endear David the more to the people, and especially to Saul's son Jonathan, who loves David ( 1 Samuel 18: 1, 2 Samuel 1: 25 – 26 ).

( By comparison, the ratio in twelfth-century China was one bureaucrat for every 15, 000 people.

By encouraging clarity on the active subject that " does " or wants or believes something, and disallowing passive constructions about the state of affairs ( a common use of " to be "), E-Prime makes it more difficult to hide assumptions in statements about The Other or equivalent constructions such as " they " or " most people " or " the public " or " the taxpayer ".

... By keeping all of the little people in focus, Coppola shows the variety of a young lawyer's life, where every client is necessary and most of them need a lot more than a lawyer.

By the War's conclusion most infrastructure had been laid waste by bombing, and the islands and people had been exploited by the Japanese military to the point of impoverishment.