Electrons can also be completely removed from a chemical species such as an atom, molecule, or ion.

* Electrons, atoms and any other object ( such as a baseball, as described by quantum physics )

Electrons in such a vacancy tend to absorb light in the visible spectrum such that a material that is usually transparent becomes colored.

Electrons move according to the cross product of the magnetic field and the electron propagation vector, such that, in an infinite uniform field moving electrons take a circular motion at a constant radius dependent upon electron velocity and field strength according to the following equation, which can be derived from circular motion:

Electrons that are bound to atoms possess a set of stable energy levels, or orbitals, and can undergo transitions between them by absorbing or emitting photons that match the energy differences between the levels.

# Electrons jump between orbitals in a particle-like fashion.

Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules.

Electrons in the closer orbitals experience greater forces of electrostatic attraction ; thus, their removal requires increasingly more energy.

Electrons in non-bonding orbitals tend to be in deep orbitals ( nearly atomic orbitals ) associated almost entirely with one nucleus or the other, and thus they spend equal time between and not between nuclei.

Electrons normally exist in pairs in specific orbitals in atoms or molecules.

Electrons that populate a shell are said to be in a bound state.

Electrons in an s orbital benefit from closer proximity to the positively charged atom nucleus, and are therefore lower in energy.

Electrons ( the other major component of the atom ) are leptons.

Electrons are the charge carriers in metals and they follow an erratic path, bouncing from atom to atom, but generally drifting in the opposite direction of the electric field.

* Electrons are also transferred to the electron acceptor Q, forming QH < sub > 2 </ sub >.

Electrons are extracted from metal electrodes either by heating the electrode, causing thermionic emission, or by applying a strong electric field and causing field electron emission.

Electrons which diffuse from the cathode into the P-doped layer, or anode, become what is termed " minority carriers " and tend to recombine there with the majority carriers, which are holes, on a timescale characteristic of the material which is the p-type minority carrier lifetime.

Electrons are responsible for emission of most EMR because they have low mass, and therefore are easily accelerated by a variety of mechanisms.

Electrons are at the heart of cathode ray tubes, which have been used extensively as display devices in laboratory instruments, computer monitors and television sets.

Two of the most popular are " OIL RIG " ( Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain ) and " LEO " the lion says " GER " ( Lose Electrons: Oxidization, Gain Electrons: Reduction ).

: Electrons are transferred from iron reducing oxygen in the atmosphere into water on the cathode, which is placed in another region of the metal.

Electrons are drawn from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, producing direct current electricity.

Electrons in this state are 45 % likely to be found within the solid body shown.

Electrons are particulate radiation and, hence, have cross section many times larger than photons, so that they do not penetrate the product beyond a few inches, depending on product density.

Electrons and how they interact with electromagnetic fields are important in our understanding of chemistry and physics.

Electrons are fermions with S = 1 / 2 ; quanta of light are bosons with S = 1.

Electrons behave as beams of energy, and in the presence of a potential U ( z ), assuming 1-dimensional case, the energy levels ψ < sub > n </ sub >( z ) of the electrons are given by solutions to Schrödinger ’ s equation,

Electrons and how they interact with electromagnetic fields are important in our understanding of chemistry and physics.

Electrons remain bound to atoms but are able to transfer to adjacent atoms.

Electrons can be used in these situations, whereas X-rays cannot, because electrons interact more strongly with atoms than X-rays do.

Electrons in the conduction band can respond to the electric field in the detector, and therefore move to the positive contact that is creating the electrical field.

Electrons at these states can be easily excited to the conduction band, becoming free electrons, at room temperature.

Electrons do not penetrate as deeply into matter as X-rays, hence electron diffraction reveals structure near the surface ; neutrons do penetrate easily and have an advantage that they possess an intrinsic magnetic moment that causes them to interact differently with atoms having different alignments of their magnetic moments.

Electrons were ideal for the role, as they are abundant and easily accelerated to high energies due to their electric charge.

Electrons in the emitters, or the " holes " in the collectors, would cluster at the surface of the crystal where they could find their opposite charge " floating around " in the air ( or water ).

Electrons will be accelerated in the opposite direction to the electric field by the average electric field at their location.

Electrons scatter from all of these, resulting in resistance to their flow.

Electrons ( and positive charge carriers ) come with their own built-in negative feedback.

In 1936, the two published a paper, " The Passage of Fast Electrons and the Theory of Cosmic Showers " in the Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series A, in which they used their theory to describe how primary cosmic rays from outer space interact with the upper atmosphere to produce particles observed at the ground level.

They ’ ll carry it with them in their future life …. And this future life in the body of eons will be very long, almost as long as the Universe itself .” Suggests Charon, “ the electrons which form my body are not only carriers of what I call ‘ my ’ spirit, but, in fact constitute my spirit itself .” Electrons are sent individually into the Universe to learn and to increase the order of the Universe ; “ the psychic level of the whole Universe progressively elevates itself … during the ‘ successively lived experiences ’ of elemental matter .” The goal of each electron is to increase its energy to the highest level of sustainable excitement ; that is, to contain the most information within the largest stable system of organization possible.

Electrons also have a long ballistic length at this temperature ; their mean free path can be several micrometres.

Electrons appear as a track in the inner detector and deposit all their energy in the electromagnetic calorimeter.

# Electrons ( negatively charged ) are knocked loose from their atoms, causing an electric potential difference.