Sociological jargon, Germano-Slavic approximations to English, third-rate but modish fiction, and outrages to common sense have often disfigured Partisan, and in lesser degree, the other magazines on the list.

Only after 1915, with the suggestion and evidence that this Z number was also the nuclear charge and a physical characteristic of atoms, did the word and its English equivalent atomic number come into common use.

Jurisprudence is based on English common law.

The most common English pronunciation of Aphrodite is.

In common hagiographical fashion, the Vita Alcuini asserts that Alcuin was ' of noble English stock ,' and this statement has usually been accepted by scholars.

In English law, s58 Children Act 2004, limits the availability of the lawful correction defense to common assault under s39 Criminal Justice Act 1988.

English law provides for two offences of assault: common assault and battery.

English is the most common language in the United States.

Though the U. S. federal government has no official language, English is the common language used by the federal government and is considered the de facto language of the United States because of its widespread use.

This divergence between American English and British English once caused George Bernard Shaw to say that the United States and United Kingdom are " two countries divided by a common language "; a similar comment is ascribed to Winston Churchill.

* Lit as the past tense of light is more common than lighted in the UK ; American English uses lit to mean " set afire " / " kindled " / " made to emit light " but lighted to mean " cast light upon " ( e. g., " The stagehand lighted the set and then lit a cigarette .").

White deer are common in English legends and often used as symbols of Christian virtue.

English cultural influence ( reinforced at the end of the 19th century and beginnings of the 20th by British contacts with the Far East ) has also made the consumption of tea very common.

In many legal jurisdictions related to English common law, affray is a public order offence consisting of the fighting of two or more persons in a public place to the terror ( in ) of ordinary people ( the lieges ).

In the United States the English common law as to affray applies, subject to certain modifications by the statutes of particular states.

The most common use of the term is in the case of English peerage dignities.

The English word " amputation " was first applied to surgery in the 17th century, possibly first in Peter Lowe's A discourse of the Whole Art of Chirurgerie ( published in either 1597 or 1612 ); his work was derived from 16th century French texts and early English writers also used the words " extirpation " ( 16th century French texts tended to use extirper ), " disarticulation ", and " dismemberment " ( from the Old French desmembrer and a more common term before the 17th century for limb loss or removal ), or simply " cutting ", but by the end of the 17th century " amputation " had come to dominate as the accepted medical term.

The Black Sea is one of four seas named in English after common color terms — the others being the Red Sea, the White Sea and the Yellow Sea.

British Columbian introduced species include: common dandelion, ring-necked pheasant, Pacific oyster, brown trout, black slug, European Starling, cowbird, knapweed, bullfrog, purple loosestrife, Scotch broom, Himalayan blackberry, European earwig, tent caterpillar, sowbug, gray squirrel, Asian longhorn beetle, English ivy, Fallow Deer, thistle, gorse, Norway rat, crested mynah, and Asian or European gypsy moth.

Barbadian law is rooted historically on English common law, and the Constitution of Barbados implemented in 1966, is supreme law of the land.

It is common to see films that feature dialogue with English words ( also known as Hinglish ), phrases, or even whole sentences.

St. Jerome differed with St. Augustine in his Latin translation of the plant known in Hebrew as קיקיון ( qiyqayown ), using Hedera ( from the Greek, meaning ivy ) over the more common Latin cucurbita from which the related English plant name cucumber is derived.

( For this reason, many modern American law schools teach the common law of crime as it stood in England in 1789, because that centuries-old English common law is a necessary foundation to interpreting modern criminal statutes.

To him, law is the command of the sovereign ( the English monarch ) who personifies the power of the nation, while sovereignty is the power to make law -- i.e., to prevail over internal groups and to be free from the commands of other sovereigns in other nations.

An appellate court, commonly called an appeals court or court of appeals ( American English ) or appeal court ( British English ), is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal.

In 1805, English instructor and natural philosopher John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers ( the law of multiple proportions ) and why certain gases dissolved better in water than others.

Some jurisdictions allow force to be used in defense of property, to prevent damage either in its own right, or under one or both of the preceding classes of defense in that a threat or attempt to damage property might be considered a crime ( in English law, under s5 Criminal Damage Act 1971 it may be argued that the defendant has a lawful excuse to damaging property during the defense and a defense under s3 Criminal Law Act 1967 ) subject to the need to deter vigilantes and excessive self-help.

About a fifth of the law code is taken up by Alfred's introduction, which includes translations into English of the Decalogue, a few chapters from the Book of Exodus, and the " Apostolic Letter " from Acts of the Apostles ( 15: 23 – 29 ).

Theodism is focused on the lore, beliefs and social structure-particularly the concept of thew ( Old English þeaw ) or " customary law "-of various specific Germanic tribes.

Administrative law, as laid down by the Supreme Court of India, has also recognized two more grounds of judicial review which were recognized but not applied by English Courts viz.

The powers to review administrative decisions are usually established by statute, but were originally developed from the royal prerogative writs of English law, such as the writ of mandamus and the writ of certiorari.

Abjuration of the realm was a type of abjuration in ancient English law.

In English law, black letter law is a term used to describe those areas of law characterized by technical rules, rather than those areas of law characterized by having a more conceptual basis.

The Statute of Bankrupts of 1542 was the first statute under English law dealing with bankruptcy or insolvency.

Under English law, successive versions of Table A have reinforced the norm that, unless the directors are acting contrary to the law or the provisions of the Articles, the powers of conducting the management and affairs of the company are vested in them.

As it is, they consider that the North is now reaping the fruits of excess egalitarianism, that in spite of its high standard of living the `` American way '' has been proved inferior to the English and Scandinavian ways, although they disapprove of the socialistic features of the latter.

In the modern English `` whodunnit '', this insinuation of latent criminality in the detective himself has almost entirely disappeared.

The primary reason for the abandonment of the `` shore occupied by '' thesis has been the assimilation and accumulation of archaeological evidence, the most striking feature of early English studies in this century.

The New English Bible ( the Old Testament and Apocrypha will be published at a future date ) has not been planned to rival or replace the King James Version, but, as its cover states, it is offered `` simply as the Bible to all those who will use it in reading, teaching, or worship ''.

Roy Mason is essentially a landscape painter whose style and direction has a kinship with the English watercolorists of the early nineteenth century, especially the beautifully patterned art of John Sell Cotman.

Nothing in English has been ridiculed as much as the ambiguous use of words, unless it be the ambiguous use of sentences.

`` A person with a master's degree in physics, chemistry, math or English, yet who has not taken Education courses, is not permitted to teach in the public schools '', said Grover.

It follows, then, provided the possibilities have been exhausted, that the only real alternative is the general viewpoint of the `` left '', which has been represented on the Continent by Fritz Buri and, to some extent at least, is found in much that is significant in American and English theology.

In this connection, it has been observed that the increasing number of Irish Catholics, priests and laity, in England, while certainly seen as good for Catholicism, is nevertheless a source of embarrassment for some of the more nationalistic English Catholics, especially when these Irishmen offer to remind their Christian brethren of this good.

Of course, the crowning event that has dramatically upset the traditional pattern of English religious history was the friendly visit paid by Dr. Fisher, then Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, to the Vatican last December.

It was the first time an English Primate has done this since the 14th century.

The complexities of communication have been considerably abetted in this case by appropriately stilted English language that has been excellently dubbed in place of the Russian dialogue.

`` Roots '', the new play at the brand-new Mayfair Theater on 46th St. which has been made over from a night club, is about the intellectual and spiritual awakening of an English farm girl.

The Hindi alphabet must represent both Sanskrit and modern vocabulary, and so has been expanded to 58 with the khutma letters ( letters with a dot added ) to represent sounds from Persian and English.

At the other extreme are languages such as English, where the spelling of many words simply has to be memorized as they do not correspond to sounds in a consistent way.

For English, this is partly because the Great Vowel Shift occurred after the orthography was established, and because English has acquired a large number of loanwords at different times, retaining their original spelling at varying levels.

Even English has general, albeit complex, rules that predict pronunciation from spelling, and these rules are successful most of the time ; rules to predict spelling from the pronunciation have a higher failure rate.

In more modern English usage, the term " adobe " has come to include a style of architecture popular in the desert climates of North America, especially in New Mexico.

The sea was traditionally known as Archipelago ( in Greek, Αρχιπέλαγος, meaning " chief sea "), but in English this word's meaning has changed to refer to the Aegean Islands and, generally, to any island group.

The word " alphabet " in English has a source in Greek language in which the first two letters were " A " ( alpha ) and " B " ( beta ), hence " alphabeta ".

Several later books were original in Europe, and at least one novel has only ever appeared in Italian, no English version yet published.

The Church of England has always thought of itself not as a new foundation but rather as a reformed continuation of the ancient " English Church " ( Ecclesia Anglicana ) and a reassertion of that church's rights.

Azincourt is famous as being near the site of the battle fought on 25 October 1415 in which the army led by King Henry V of England defeated the forces led by Charles d ' Albret on behalf of Charles VI of France, which has gone down in English history as the Battle of Agincourt.

The term " absolute value " has been used in this sense since at least 1806 in French and 1857 in English.