Glucose, sodium ions and chloride ions are just a few examples of molecules and ions that must efficiently get across the plasma membrane but to which the lipid bilayer of the membrane is virtually impermeable.

Glucose concentrations are expressed as milligrams per deciliter ( mg / dL or mg / 100 mL ) in the United States, Japan, Spain, France, Belgium, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Colombia, while millimoles per liter ( mmol / L or mM ) are the units used in most of the rest of the world.

Glucose requirements above 10 mg / kg / minute in infants, or 6 mg / kg / minute in children and adults are strong evidence for hyperinsulinism.

The available carbon sources are also important: Glucose inhibits penicillin production, whereas lactose does not.

Commonly-used tracers are 3 -< sup > 3 </ sup > H glucose ( radioactive ), 6, 6 < sup > 2 </ sup > H-glucose ( stable ) and 1 -< sup > 13 </ sup > C Glucose ( stable ).

Glucose metabolism anomalies are the cause of diabetes mellitus.

Glucose and proteins are especially well resorbed, such that the presence of either is evidence of serious problems.

Glucose levels are measured in either:

Glucose molecules are added to the chains of glycogen as long as both insulin and glucose remain plentiful.

Water is removed from the nephrons by osmosis ( and Glucose and other ions are pumped out with active transport ), gradually raising the concentration in the nephrons.

Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body's cells, and blood lipids ( in the form of fats and oils ) are primarily a compact energy store.

Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day ( termed " the fasting level "), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar.

For this reason, it is recommended that malnourished patients receive 100 mg parenteral thiamine, especially when glucose infusions are going to be administered ( Glucose administration promotes decarboxylation of pyruvate, a biochemical reaction which requires thiamine.

Glucose residues are phosphorolysed from branches of glycogen until four residues before a glucose that is branched with a α linkage.

Glucose stores are consequently depleted leading to hypoglycemia.

Glucose and other carbohydrates are part of a wide variety of metabolic pathways across species: plants synthesize carbohydrates from atmospheric gases by photosynthesis storing the absorbed energy internally, often in the form of starch or lipids.

Glucose or rhamnose-glucose combinations are bound to the ends of the aglycone to form the different compounds.

Glucose units are linked in a linear way with α ( 1 → 4 ) glycosidic bonds.

Glucose is now used and both low sulfide and zero sulfide products are available.

Glucose enhances absorption of fructose, so fructose from foods with fructose-to-glucose ratio < 1, like white potatoes, are readily absorbed, whereas foods with fructose-to-glucose ratio > 1, like apples and pears, are often problematic regardless of the total amount of fructose in the food.

* Glucose molecules are assembled in a chain by glycogen synthase, which must act on a pre-existing glycogen primer or glycogenin ( small protein that forms the primer ).

Glucose or glycerol are often used as carbon sources, and ammonium salts or nitrates as inorganic nitrogen sources.

Glucose is mainly metabolized by a very important ten-step pathway called glycolysis, the net result of which is to break down one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate ; this also produces a net two molecules of ATP, the energy currency of cells, along with two reducing equivalents in the form of converting NAD < sup >+</ sup > to NADH.

The RF link also supports a continuous blood glucose sensor known as the Paradigm REAL-Time Continuous Glucose Monitor that wirelessly provides an interstitial glucose value every 5 minutes on the pump screen.

As well as insulin pumps, Medtronic Diabetes also makes Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems ( CGMS ) for use as stand alone systems or integrated into its Minimed Paradigm 523 / 723 series pumps.

Glucose syrup is also widely used in the manufacture of a variety of candy products.

Glucose transporter 2 ( GLUT2 ) also known as solute carrier family 2 ( facilitated glucose transporter ), member 2 ( SLC2A2 ) is a transmembrane carrier protein that enables passive glucose movement across cell membranes.

Recently, several of these individuals found " dead in bed " were wearing Continuous Glucose Monitors, which provided a history of glucose levels prior to the fatal event.

Glucose found to be present in urine is an indication of diabetes mellitus.

Glucose oxidase is found in honey and acts as a natural preservative.

Glucose syrup containing over 90 % glucose is used in industrial fermentation < sup > p. 230 </ sup >, but syrups used in confectionery manufacture contain varying amounts of glucose, maltose and higher oligosaccharides, depending on the grade, and can typically contain 10 % to 43 % glucose .< sup > p. 132 </ sup > Glucose syrup is used in foods to soften texture, add volume, prevent crystallization of sugar, and enhance flavor.

Glucose levels vary before and after meals, and at various times of day ; the definition of " normal " varies among medical professionals.

OneTouch Ultra Blood Glucose Meters provide blood glucose test results in 5 seconds, offer alternative test site options, and various memory and flagging features.

Glucose reacts with proteins throughout the body ; indeed, this is thought to be one, if not the primary, mechanism by which high glucose levels cause damage ( see Malliot reaction in cooking for a parallel ).

Glucose levels usually exceed 13. 8 mmol / L or 250 mg / dL.

* Glucose is usually present in the CSF ; the level is usually about 60 % that in the peripheral circulation.

Glucose, one of the most important carbohydrates, is an example of a monosaccharide.

Glucose is the major energy source in most life forms.

Glucose can exist in both a straight-chain and ring form.

Glucose, like mannitol, is a sugar that can behave as an osmotic diuretic.

Glucose concentrations expressed as mg / dL can be converted to mmol / L by dividing by 18. 0 g / dmol ( the molar mass of glucose ).

Glucose monomers can polymerize to form starches, glycogen or cellulose ; xylose monomers can polymerise to form xylan.

Glucose stimulates the production of insulin through food entering the bloodstream, which is grasped by the beta cells in the pancreas.

* Glucose loading test ( GLT )-screens for gestational diabetes ; if > 140 mg / dL, a glucose tolerance test ( GTT ) is administered ; a fasting glucose > 105 mg / dL suggests gestational diabetes.

After 2 hours a Glycemia less than 7. 8 mmol / L ( 140 mg / dl ) is considered normal, a glycemia of between 7. 8 to 11. 0 mmol / L ( 140 to 197 mg / dl ) is considered as Impaired Glucose Tolerance ( IGT ) and a glycemia of greater than or equal to 11. 1 mmol / L ( 200 mg / dl ) is considered Diabetes Mellitus.

An OGTT ( Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ) can be normal or mildly abnormal in simple insulin resistance.

Glucose can be labeled with either stable or radioactive atoms.

* Blood glucose – Glucose is a simple sugar and the primary fuel for body cells.