Don Pietro Tommasi, instruction in the German language, and European literature.

Alexandrines are common in the German literature of the Baroque period and in French poetry of the early modern and modern periods.

Though the notion of a German blitzkrieg concept or doctrine survive in popular consciousness and popular literature, and many professional historians also still support the thesis.

In 19th and early 20th century literature, particularly German medical literature, liquor cerebrospinalis was a term used to refer to CSF.

According to old German literature, dragoons were invented by Count Ernst von Mansfeld, one of the greatest German military commanders, in the early 1620s.

He noted that the German society was " far more scientific, far more interested in life histories and breeding bird species, as well as in reports on recent literature.

There, English literature, French, Italian and German, as well as deportment, were taught.

His plays and theoretical writings substantially influenced the development of German literature.

German literature comprises those literary texts written in the German language.

This includes literature written in Germany, Austria, the German part of Switzerland, and to a lesser extent works of the German diaspora.

German literature of the modern period is mostly in Standard German, but there are some currents of literature influenced to a greater or lesser degree by dialects ( e. g. Alemannic ).

An early flowering of German literature is the Middle High German period of the High Middle Ages.

Modern literature in German begins with the authors of the Enlightenment ( such as Herder ) and reaches its classical form at the turn of the 18th century with Weimar Classicism ( Goethe and Schiller ).

Periodization is not an exact science but the following list contains movements or time periods typically used in discussing German literature.

It seems worth noting that the periods of medieval German literature span two or three centuries, those of early modern German literature span one century, and those of modern German literature each span one or two decades.

Distinctions in vocabulary persist, for example, in culinary terms, where communication with Germans is frequently difficult, and administrative and legal language, which is due to Austria's exclusion from the development of a German nation-state in the late 19th century and its manifold particular traditions.

The German dialects of South Tyrol have been influenced by local Romance languages, in particular with many loan words from Italian, and Ladin.

The Reichswehr was influenced by its analysis of pre-war German military thought, in particular the infiltration tactics which at the end of the war had seen some breakthroughs in the Western Front's trench war, and the maneuver warfare which dominated the Eastern Front.

The Whites — dominated by peasants and middle-and upper-class factions, in particular upper-class Swedish speakers — received marked military assistance from the German Empire.

In particular during the Cold War-but continuous into the 21st century-( West -) German foreign policy pursues the country's integration into NATO and a strong co-operation and collective security with its Western partners.

To attain the latter rank at the age of 34 was a notable accomplishment, but Cantor desired a chair at a more prestigious university, in particular at Berlin, at that time the leading German university.

A guild ( German: Gilde ) is an association of craftsmen in a particular trade.

Hegel certainly intends to preserve what he takes to be true of German idealism, in particular Kant's insistence that ethical reason can and does go beyond finite inclinations.

Expressionism was a predominantly German artistic movement best exemplified by Die Brücke, and by the paintings of Emil Nolde and Ernst Kirchner in particular.

In particular, Germany's attempts to overturn the Treaty of Versailles and the reconstruction of the German military made France increasingly unwilling to disarm.

Their point is to say that though the implications of an Axis victory, in particular a German victory, would be horrible, that this did not justify Allied atrocities.

However, some courts ( such as German courts ) have less emphasis on the particular facts of the case than common law courts, but have more emphasis on the discussion of various doctrinal arguments and on finding what the correct interpretation of the law is.

Pacelli, who knew German conditions well, emphasized in particular protection for Catholic associations (§ 31 ), freedom for education and Catholic schools, and freedom for publications.

This and other differences, in particular Steiner's vocal rejection of Leadbeater and Besant's claim that Jiddu Krishnamurti was the vehicle of a new Maitreya, or world teacher, led to a formal split in 1912 / 13, when Steiner and the majority of members of the German section of the Theosophical Society broke off to form a new group, the Anthroposophical Society.

The Germans in particular began to show great commercial interest in the Samoan Islands, especially on the island of ' Upolu where German firms monopolized copra and cocoa bean processing ; the United States laid its own claim and formed alliances with local native chieftains, most conspicuously on the islands of Tutuila and Manu ' a ( which were later formally annexed to the USA as American Samoa ).

Some historians and writers ( like German Dietrich Schwanitz ) draw parallels between Stalinism and the economic policy of Tsar Peter the Great, although Schwanitz in particular views Stalin as " a monstrous reincarnation " of him.

For instance, in Germany, theological faculties at state universities are typically tied to particular denominations, Protestant or Roman Catholic, and those faculties will offer denominationally bound ( konfessionsgebunden ) degrees, and have denominationally bound public posts amongst their faculty ; as well as contributing ‘ to the development and growth of Christian knowledge ’ they ‘ provide the academic training for the future clergy and teachers of religious instruction at German schools .’

In particular, critics point to the coveted Order of the German Eagle medal that Watson received at the Berlin ICC meeting in 1937, as evidence that he was being honored for the help that IBM's German subsidiary Dehomag ( Deutsche Hollerith-Maschinen Gesellschaft mbH ) and its punch card machines provided the Nazi regime, particularly in the tabulation of census data.

Robertson, in particular, believed that turning German spies against their masters would have numerous benefits ; for example what information the Abwehr wanted or to actively mislead them as part of a military deception.

* Iron Maidens famous fictional mascot, Eddie, was lobotomised on-stage during one of Maiden's live shows ; this concert was filmed for German TV but that particular segment was cut out due to being deemed " Too violent ".

* In German jurisdiction: The term Senat ( senate ) in higher courts of appeal refers to the " bench " in its broader metonymy meaning, describing members of the judiciary collectively ( usually five judges ), often occupied with of a particular subject-matter jurisdiction.

She visited troops, hospitals, factories, and parts of Britain that were targeted by the German Luftwaffe, in particular the East End, near London's docks.

Already in 1944 prominent U. S. opinion makers had initiated a domestic propaganda campaign ( which was to continue until 1948 ) arguing for a harsh peace for Germany, with a particular aim to end the apparent habit in the U. S. of viewing the Nazis and the German people as separate entities.

Since attack serves to stimulate interest in broadcasts, I added to my opening statement a sentence in which I claimed that German youth seemed to lack the enthusiasm which is a necessary ingredient of anger, and might be classified as uninterested and bored rather than angry.

Remembering the step-by-step fate of Danzig and the West German misgivings about `` salami '' tactics, it is to be hoped that the dispatch of General Clay to West Berlin as President Kennedy's representative will mark a stiffening of response not only to future indignities and aggressions but also to some that have passed.

The truth is that Communist Russia fears the resurgence of German militarism.

The weekly loss is partly counterbalanced by 500 arrivals each week from West Germany, but the hard truth, says Crossman, is that `` The closing off of East Berlin without interference from the West and with the use only of East German, as distinct from Russian, troops was a major Communist victory, which dealt West Berlin a deadly, possibly a fatal, blow.

Khrushchev, for all his bombastic prophecies about the inevitable decay of capitalism, is genuinely favorable to `` peaceful coexistence '' and would like, above all, the Berlin and German problems to be settled peacefully ; ;

There is a fairly wide selection of models of English, German and French manufacture from which you can choose from the very small Austin 7, Citroen 2 CV, Volkswagens, Renaults to the 6-passenger Simca Beaulieu.

Public relations strategists everywhere, watching the reaction of the German press, the liberal press, the lunatic-fringe press, listening to their neighbors, studying interviews with men and women on the street, cried out: Too much, too much -- the mind of the audience is becoming dulled, the horrors are losing their effect.

This leader must be a man who lives above illusions that heretofore have shaped the foreign policy of the United States, namely that Russia will agree to a reunited Germany, that the East German government does not exist, that events in Japan in June 1960 were Communist-inspired, that the true government of China is in Formosa, that Mao was the evil influence behind Khrushchev at the Summit Conference in Paris in May 1960, and that either China or Russia wants or expects war.

German uses the tesseragraphs ( four letters ) " tsch " for the phoneme and " dsch " for, although the latter is rare.

Austrian German (), or Austrian Standard German, is the national standard variety of the German language spoken in Austria and in the autonomous Province of South Tyrol ( Italy ).

The standardized form of Austrian German for official texts and schools is defined by the Austrian Dictionary (), published under the authority of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture.

As German is a pluricentric language, Austrian German is merely one among several varieties of Standard German.

With German being a pluricentric language, Austrian dialects should not be confused with the variety of Standard German spoken by most Austrians, which is distinct from that of Germany or Switzerland.

As a result, Standard German is replacing it in government and administrative texts.