Since the gels are fragile and the probes are unable to enter the matrix, the RNA samples, now separated by size, are transferred to a nylon membrane through a capillary or vacuum blotting system.

Since the RNA is first separated by size, if only one probe type is used variance in the level of each band on the membrane can provide insight into the size of the product, suggesting alternative splice products of the same gene or repetitive sequence motifs.

Although catalysis of the peptide bond involves the C2 hydroxyl of RNA's P-site ( see Function section below ) adenosine in a protein shuttle mechanism, other steps in protein synthesis ( such as translocation ) are caused by changes in protein conformations. Since their catalytic core is made of RNA, ribosomes are classified as " ribozymes ," and it is thought that they might be remnants of the RNA world.

Since thymine nucleotides are precursors of DNA, not RNA, the prefix " deoxy " is often left out, i. e., deoxythymidine is often just called thymidine.

After entering the hepatocyte, the virus is uncoated and the nucleocapsid translocated to the nucleus due to a signal in HDAg Since the nucleocapsid does not contain an RNA polymerase to replicate the virus ’ genome, the virus makes use of the cellular RNA polymerases Initially just RNA pol II, now RNA polymerases I and III have also been shown to be involved in HDV replication

Since Cech's and Altman's discovery, other investigators have discovered other examples of self-cleaving RNA or catalytic RNA molecules.

Since Blackburn has shown that most of the harmful cancer-related effects of telomerase are dependent on an intact RNA template, it seems a very worthwhile target for drug development.

Since photosynthesis and other natural processes create extremely complex molecules to the specifications contained in RNA and stored long-term in DNA form, advocates of molecular engineering claim that an artificial process can likewise exploit a chain of long-term storage, short-term storage, enzyme-like copying mechanisms similar to those in the cell, and ultimately produce complex molecules which need not be proteins.

Since RNA has a secondary structure that is not necessarily linear like that of DNA, the shape that goes along with the complementary bonding in the structure can have significant effects.

Since uracil is a normal component of RNA, the rationale behind the development of the drug was that cancer cells, with their increased genetic instability, might be more sensitive to ' decoy ' molecules that mimic the natural compound than normal cells.

Since the Supreme Court's decision of that year this is more doubtful ; ;

( Since the time-span of the nation-state coincides roughly with the separate existence of the United States as an independent entity, it is perhaps natural for Americans to think of the nation as representative of the highest form of order, something permanent and unchanging.

Since it is not far from Viareggio, he will visit Puccini's house, as he never fails to do, to pay his respects to the memory of the composer of La Boheme, which he considers one of Puccini's masterpieces.

Since attack serves to stimulate interest in broadcasts, I added to my opening statement a sentence in which I claimed that German youth seemed to lack the enthusiasm which is a necessary ingredient of anger, and might be classified as uninterested and bored rather than angry.

Since the air is a continuum, the network of communication remains intact regardless of the positions or motions of the points ( the people ) in the net.

Since the hazards of poor communication are so great, p can be justified as a habitable site only on the basis of unusual productivity such as is made available by a waterfall for milling purposes, a mine, or a sugar maple camp.

Since the difficulty of drawing the net is great, we will merely discuss it.

Since a civilizational crisis involves also a crisis in private interests and in the ruling class, reaction is normally found among those who feel themselves to be among the ruling class.

Since civilizational change is the most difficult to perceive and analyze, it seldom is given adequate attention.

Since the slogans have little application to reality and are sanctimonious to boot, the applause is faint even in areas of the world where we should expect to find the greatest affection for free government.

Since more is known about Quiney than about any other acquaintance of Shakespeare in Stratford, his career may be followed to its sudden end in 1602.

Since the great flood of these dystopias has appeared only in the last twelve years, it seems fairly reasonable to assume that the chief impetus was the 1949 publication of Nineteen Eighty-Four, an assumption which is supported by the frequent echoes of such details as Room 101, along with education by conditioning from Brave New World, a book to which science-fiction writers may well have returned with new interest after reading the more powerful Orwell dystopia.

Since Laos is of no more purely military value to Moscow itself than it is to Washington, this approach might be expected to head off Mr. Khrushchev for the moment.

Since little is known about autism, and almost nothing has been written for the layman, we'd like to share one experienced mother's comments.

Since the work is done by hand, the only limitation, it is said, `` is that of human conception ''.

Since the apparatus is new, it requires experimentation and changes in technique.

Since the obvious is not always true, the Republican National Committee wisely analyzed its defeat of last autumn and finds that it occurred, as suspected, in the larger cities.

Since he has just shown who is top dog, he may not be ready to receive this highest honor in the gift of the Soviet people.

Since appeals to morality, to humanity, and to sanity have had such small effect, perhaps our last recourse is the deterrent example.

Since the goal of our international planners is a World Government, this Atlantic Community would mark a giant step in that direction for, once American economic autonomy is absorbed, a larger grouping is a question of time.

Since complex scalar fields admit two different kinds of annihilation operators, which are related by conjugation, such fields describe charged bosons.

Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other.

Since a " perfect vacuum " contains no charged particles, it normally behaves as a perfect insulator.

Since 2008 the United States has charged at least 57 defendants for attempting to spy for China.

Since EtBr stained DNA is not visible in natural light, scientists mix DNA with negatively charged loading buffers before adding the mixture to the gel.

Since plasma has minimal mass, but is charged and therefore can be manipulated by an electric field, the result is a very linear output at frequencies far higher than the audible range.

Since California considers “ all persons concerned in the commission of a crime, whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense … principals in any crime so committed ,” San Marin County Superior Judge Peter Allen Smith charged Davis with “ aggravated kidnapping and first degree murder in the death of Judge Harold Haley ” and issued a warrant for her arrest.

Since electrically charged conductors have no e-field inside, charges can be added continuously.

Since, we see that the total radiated power goes as or, which accounts for why electrons lose energy to bremsstrahlung radiation much more rapidly than heavier charged particles ( e. g., muons, protons, alpha particles ).

Since the charge gradually leaked away, a periodic pulse was applied to top up those still charged ( hence the term ' dynamic ')".

Since the backbone of PNA contains no charged phosphate groups, the binding between PNA / DNA strands is stronger than between DNA / DNA strands due to the lack of electrostatic repulsion.

Since Congress enacted “ fugitive felons ” and parole / probation violation provisions in 1996, the Social Security Administration has suspended benefits and charged

Since a " perfect vacuum " contains no charged particles, vacuums normally behave as perfect insulators ( they would be the greatest insulators known ).

Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles ( protons and electrons ), their movement results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which carries energy away from the surface.

Since the main reservoir pipe is kept constantly pressurized by the locomotive, the car reservoirs can be charged independently of the brake pipe, this being accomplished via a check valve to prevent backfeeding into the pipe.

Since the magnitude of the charge of all known charged, long-lived subatomic particles is the same as that of an electron, their radius of curvature must be proportional to their momentum.

Since this process occurs extremely rapidly ( at least, it occurs rapidly in the presence of dense charged matter ), it is safe to assume that the photon chemical potential is never different from zero.

Since margin interests are typically only charged on overnight balances, the trader pays no fees for the margin benefit, though still running the risk of a Margin call.

Since there had been no recent change on the ALC's doctrinal position, the LCMS was then charged by some within the Synodical Conference of changing its position on church fellowship.

Since Julius Caesar's assassination occurred outside this boundary, the senatorial conspirators could not be charged with sacrilege for carrying weapons inside the sacred city.

Since the enactment of the YCJA in 2003, a greater number of young persons charged with criminal offences have received the benefit of diversion that was the practice under the former Young Offenders Act.

" AllMusic wrote, " Since the Manics deliver these charged lyrics as heavy guitar-rockers, the music doesn't always hit quite as forcefully as intended ", stating that the " relatively polished production and big guitar sound occasionally sell the music short, especially the lesser songs ", but calling the band's passion " undeniable, even on the weaker cuts [...] Debut albums rarely come as ambitious as the Manic Street Preachers ' Generation Terrorists.

Since the implementation of the federal GST in 1990, PEI's 10 % PST has been charged on the subtotal of goods and services which included the federal GST.