Scientific explorations include the Challenger expedition, the German Meteor expedition, Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the United States Navy Hydrographic Office.

* 1914 – World War I: First Battle of the Atlantic – two days after the United Kingdom had declared war on Germany over the German invasion of Belgium, ten German U-boats leave their base in Heligoland to attack Royal Navy warships in the North Sea.

* 1914 – World War I: the Royal Navy defeats the German fleet in the Battle of Heligoland Bight.

* 1908 – SMS Blücher, the last armored cruiser to be built by the German Imperial Navy, launches.

* 1914 – Ypiranga incident: A German arms shipment to Mexico is intercepted by the U. S. Navy near Veracruz.

Even though Bulgaria did not send any troops to support the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Navy was involved in a number of skirmishes with the Soviet Black Sea Fleet, which attacked Bulgarian shipping.

A major setback was caused by the German Navy introducing the four-rotor Enigma used for communicating with U-boats.

*, an Imperial German Navy light cruiser

# REDIRECT German Navy

The Baralong Incidents were naval engagements of the First World War in August and September 1915, involving the Royal Navy Q-Ship, later renamed HMS Wyandra, and two German U-boats.

* 1914 – A squadron of Britain's Royal Navy defeats an inferior squadron of the Imperial German High Seas Fleet in the Battle of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic.

* 1943 – World War II: German warship Scharnhorst is sunk off of Norway's North Cape after a battle against major Royal Navy forces.

Later in the war he succeeded Jellicoe as Commander in Chief of the Grand Fleet, in which capacity he received the surrender of the German High Seas Fleet at the end of hostilities, and then in the 1920s he served a lengthy term as First Sea Lord ( head of the Royal Navy ).

The Royal Navy could much more readily replace its losses with ships already under construction, while the engagement ended with the German fleet retreating as fast as possible from the British.

Thereafter the Imperial German Navy ceased any serious attempts to engage the British fleet and remained at home as a ' fleet in being '.

* 1939 – World War II: Battle of the River Plate – Captain Hans Langsdorff of the German Deutschland class cruiser ( pocket battleship ) Admiral Graf Spee engages with Royal Navy cruisers HMS Exeter, HMS Ajax and HMNZS Achilles.

# REDIRECT German Navy

The arms shipment was lost when the German ship carrying it, Aud, was scuttled after interception by the Royal Navy, after the local Volunteers had failed to rendezvous with it.

Moreover, the Swedish Navy escorted the German naval squadron, transporting German weapons to the Finnish Whites, and allowed the squadron to pass through Swedish territorial waters in February 1918.

The Reichsflotte was the first German Navy to sail under the black-red-gold flag.

With the reunification of Germany in 1990 the Marine took over the former East German Volksmarine (“ People ’ s Navy ”).

Presently the largest operation the German Navy is participating in is UNIFIL II off the coast of Lebanon.

Since attack serves to stimulate interest in broadcasts, I added to my opening statement a sentence in which I claimed that German youth seemed to lack the enthusiasm which is a necessary ingredient of anger, and might be classified as uninterested and bored rather than angry.

Remembering the step-by-step fate of Danzig and the West German misgivings about `` salami '' tactics, it is to be hoped that the dispatch of General Clay to West Berlin as President Kennedy's representative will mark a stiffening of response not only to future indignities and aggressions but also to some that have passed.

The truth is that Communist Russia fears the resurgence of German militarism.

The weekly loss is partly counterbalanced by 500 arrivals each week from West Germany, but the hard truth, says Crossman, is that `` The closing off of East Berlin without interference from the West and with the use only of East German, as distinct from Russian, troops was a major Communist victory, which dealt West Berlin a deadly, possibly a fatal, blow.

Khrushchev, for all his bombastic prophecies about the inevitable decay of capitalism, is genuinely favorable to `` peaceful coexistence '' and would like, above all, the Berlin and German problems to be settled peacefully ; ;

There is a fairly wide selection of models of English, German and French manufacture from which you can choose from the very small Austin 7, Citroen 2 CV, Volkswagens, Renaults to the 6-passenger Simca Beaulieu.

Public relations strategists everywhere, watching the reaction of the German press, the liberal press, the lunatic-fringe press, listening to their neighbors, studying interviews with men and women on the street, cried out: Too much, too much -- the mind of the audience is becoming dulled, the horrors are losing their effect.

This leader must be a man who lives above illusions that heretofore have shaped the foreign policy of the United States, namely that Russia will agree to a reunited Germany, that the East German government does not exist, that events in Japan in June 1960 were Communist-inspired, that the true government of China is in Formosa, that Mao was the evil influence behind Khrushchev at the Summit Conference in Paris in May 1960, and that either China or Russia wants or expects war.

German uses the tesseragraphs ( four letters ) " tsch " for the phoneme and " dsch " for, although the latter is rare.

Austrian German (), or Austrian Standard German, is the national standard variety of the German language spoken in Austria and in the autonomous Province of South Tyrol ( Italy ).

The standardized form of Austrian German for official texts and schools is defined by the Austrian Dictionary (), published under the authority of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture.

As German is a pluricentric language, Austrian German is merely one among several varieties of Standard German.

With German being a pluricentric language, Austrian dialects should not be confused with the variety of Standard German spoken by most Austrians, which is distinct from that of Germany or Switzerland.

Distinctions in vocabulary persist, for example, in culinary terms, where communication with Germans is frequently difficult, and administrative and legal language, which is due to Austria's exclusion from the development of a German nation-state in the late 19th century and its manifold particular traditions.

As a result, Standard German is replacing it in government and administrative texts.

As more and more Jewish musicians lost their jobs with professional organizations Steinberg united them into the Frankfurt Kulturbund Orchestra, which also gave guest performances in other German cities.

Other brothers later joined them for instruction with Oldenburg, the wigmaker, and also arithmetic was added to Bible reading, German, and Danish in the informal curriculum.

But there are also the commercial propagandists and the analysts -- one dominated by money, the other by nineteenth-century German scholarship.

He also used as an example the manufacturer who introduced an all-automatic camera in Germany, with the result that it became the best selling camera in the German market.

* Dialects of the Austro-Bavarian group, which also comprises the dialects of German Bavaria

German Alpen is the accusative in origin, but was made the nominative in Modern German, whence also Alm.

An abbot ( from Old English abbod, abbad, from Latin abbas (“ father ”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς ( abbas ), from Aramaic ܐܒܐ / אבא (’ abbā, “ father ”); confer German Abt ; French abbé ) is the head and chief governor of a community of monks, called also in the East hegumen or archimandrite.

In French, étasunien, from États-Unis d ' Amérique, distinguishes U. S. things and persons from the adjective américain, which denotes persons and things from the United States but may also refer to ' the Americas '; likewise, the German usages U. S .- amerikanisch and U. S .- Amerikaner observe said cultural distinction, solely denoting U. S. things and people.

Alcott also wrote a series patterned after the work of German writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe which were eventually published in the Transcendentalists ' journal, The Dial.

Arabic also designates Germany Almanya, and German as Almaniya.

Although Albert has received relatively little recognition in German history, his dissolution of the Teutonic State caused the founding of the Duchy of Prussia ( and also the Hohenzollern dynasty ), which would eventually become arguably the most powerful German state and instrumental in uniting the whole of Germany.

He also was impressed with the buildings he saw, and later incorporated some of the German styles into his own constructions.

It was the largest of the German concentration camps, consisting of Auschwitz I ( the Stammlager or base camp ); Auschwitz II – Birkenau ( the Vernichtungslager or extermination camp ); Auschwitz III – Monowitz, also known as Buna – Monowitz ( a labor camp ); and 45 satellite camps.

It is also similar to the use of quotation marks in many other languages ( including Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Catalan, Dutch and German ).

The idea has also some backing in German legend, for example the Gesta Treverorum ( a 12th century German medieval chronicle ) makes Trebeta son of Ninus the founder of Trier.

This legend of Trebeta as having founded Trier is also found in Godfrey of Viterbo's Pantheon ( 1185 ) and several other German chronicles of the 12th or 13th century, including the works of Sigebert of Gembloux.

Müller is about 18 and a half years of age, one of Bäumer's classmates, when he also joins the German army as a volunteer to go to the war.

British, German, Jewish, and other immigrants also settled in Argentina, all bringing their styles of cooking and favorite foods with them.

Nevertheless, there was also a migratory flow of German, Swiss, and Middle-Eastern immigrants arriving in Argentina.

Viennese and German cuisine and pastries are also typically associated with this region.

Armida was translated into German and widely performed, especially in the northern German states, where it helped to establish Salieri's reputation as an important and innovative modern composer It would also be the first opera to receive a serious preparation in a piano and vocal reduction by Carl Friedrich Cramer in 1783.