In their first two years in high school, Jewish boys in this town make strenuous exertions to win positions on the school teams.

The town became a refuge for the Arab, Christian, and Jewish colonies of that region.

Anbar was adjacent or identical to the Babylonian Jewish center of Nehardea ( Hebrew: ), and lies a short distance from the present-day town of Fallujah, formerly the Babylonian Jewish center of Pumbeditha ( Hebrew: ).

The rationalistic method pursued by the new school of Maimonists ( including Levi ben Abraham ben Chayyim of Villefranche, near the town of Perpignan, and Jacob Anatolio ) especially provoked his indignation ; for the sermons preached and the works published by them seemed to resolve the entire Scriptures into allegory and threatened to undermine the Jewish faith and the observance of the Law and tradition.

Jews were slow to return to the town, but by 1750 the Rabbi Elijah Synagogue was built as the first Jewish synagogue in Casablanca.

Before the end of World War II the town was predominantly German Protestant with Polish and Jewish minorities.

* 1942 – Holocaust: The SS murders 588 Jewish residents of the Podolian town of Zinkiv ( Khmelnytska oblast, Ukraine ).

From this scarce notice, it has been concluded that a small church which encompassed a cave complex might have been located in Nazareth in the early 4th century ," although the town was Jewish until the 7th century AD.

Two ghettos were set up in the old town centre for the large Jewish population – the smaller one of which was " liquidated " by October.

During the Holocaust, about 95 % of the 265, 000-strong Jewish population of Lithuania was murdered by the German units and Lithuanian Nazi collaborators, many of them in Paneriai, about 10 km west of the old town centre ( see the Ponary massacre ).

The war had irrevocably altered the town – most of the predominantly Polish and Jewish population had been either exterminated during the German occupation or deported to Siberia during the first Soviet occupation.

Into the older Arab town of Yathrib, Jews arrived as refugees in the 2nd century AD in the wake of the Jewish – Roman wars.

Each stone represents a Jewish town or city, the population of which was exterminated at the camp

One of the first uprisings of a Jewish ghetto against the Nazis occurred in 1942 in Belarus, in the small town of Lakhva.

The town of Ferrara was also the setting of the famous film The Garden of the Finzi-Continis by Vittorio De Sica in ( 1970 ), that tells the vicissitudes of a rich Jewish family during the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini and World War II.

The cooking tradition of the town is characterized by many typical dishes that can be traced back to the Middle Ages and reveals in some instances the influence of the important Jewish community.

The 56, 000 Jewish residents of the town were confined in a ghetto.

One of the main sources of income of the Jewish population of the town was from the manufacture of clothing that was sold throughout Russia.

Lorre was born László Löwenstein on 26 June 1904, as the first child of Jewish couple Alajos Löwenstein and Elvira Freischberger, in the Austrian-Hungarian town of Ružomberok in present-day Slovakia, then known by its Hungarian name Rózsahegy.

In this time period, on the streets of the town and on the Jewish cemetery about 3, 000 persons were shot ; in the woods of Zbylitowska Góra a few kilometers away from Tarnów a further 7, 000 were murdered.

The specific incident which the Israeli government used to justify the assault on Qibya occurred on October 12, 1953, when a Jewish woman, Suzanne Kinyas, and her two children were killed by a grenade thrown into their house in the Israeli town of Yehud, some inside of the Green Line.

The town suffered heavily during the Jewish rising of AD 116 – 117.

In the context of Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and CIS states, the term is sometimes used to denote a small semi-urban, sometimes industrial, settlement and used to translate the terms &# 1087 ;&# 1086 ;&# 1089 ;&# 1077 ;&# 1083 ;&# 1086 ;&# 1082 ; &# 1075 ;&# 1086 ;&# 1088 ;&# 1086 ;&# 1076 ;&# 1089 ;&# 1082 ;&# 1086 ;&# 1075 ;&# 1086 ; &# 1090 ;&# 1080 ;&# 1087 ;&# 1072 ; ( townlet ), &# 1087 ;&# 1086 ;&# 1089 ;&# 1072 ;&# 1076 ; ( posad ), &# 1084 ;&# 1077 ;&# 1089 ;&# 1090 ;&# 1077 ;&# 1095 ;&# 1082 ;&# 1086 ; ( mestechko, from Polish " miasteczko ", a small town ; in the cases of predominant Jewish population the latter is sometimes translated as shtetl ).

Hans Ree notes, " They are both born and raised in Baku, both shed the Jewish names of their fathers and both have profited of the patronage of the political leader of Azerbaijan, Kheidar Aliev.

Biebow profited substantially from the sale of the products of Jewish labour as well as from the seized properties of Jews.

Rather than from a first-hand study of Jewish people, his delineation of Shylock stems from a collection of Italian stories, Il Pecorone, published in 1558, although written almost two centuries earlier.

He could learn at second hand from books, but could not thus capture the real Jewish spirit.

Young Morris, who, while attending the University of Pennsylvania, also taught and edited a paper, found time to write Henrietta twenty-page letters on everything that engaged his interest, from the acting of Sarah Bernhardt in Philadelphia to his reactions to the comments of `` Sulamith '' on the Jewish reform movement being promulgated by the Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati.

This is not to deny the existence of pogroms and ghettos, but only to assert that these horrors have had an effect on the nerves of people who did not experience them, that among the various side effects is the local hysteria of Jewish writers and intellectuals who cry out from confusion, which they call oppression and pain.

Should not everyone have been awakened to it as an outstanding fact of our time that the nations poisoned by anti-Semitism proved less fortunate in regard to their own freedom than those whose citizens saved their Jewish compatriots from the transports??

Though there was an occasional good-natured chuckle about Marvin Goulding, the Jewish officer from Chicago, singing tearfully about the ould sod, no one really thought it was strange.

What is noteworthy about this large group of teen-agers is that, although their attitudes hardly differentiate them from their gentile counterparts, they actually lead their lives in a vast self-enclosed Jewish cosmos with relatively little contact with the non-Jewish world.

Musical composition embodying angst as a primary theme have primarily come from European Jewish composers such as Gustav Mahler and Alban Berg, written during the period of great persecution of the Jewish people shortly before and during the period of Nazi activity in Europe.

Antisemitism may be manifested in many ways, ranging from expressions of hatred of or discrimination against individual Jews to organized violent attacks by mobs, state police, or even military attacks on entire Jewish communities.

Extreme instances of persecution include the pogroms which preceded the First Crusade in 1096, the expulsion from England in 1290, the massacres of Spanish Jews in 1391, the persecutions of the Spanish Inquisition, the expulsion from Spain in 1492, Cossack massacres in Ukraine, various pogroms in Russia, the Dreyfus affair, the Final Solution by Hitler's Germany, official Soviet anti-Jewish policies and the Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries.

Corporate election draws support from a similar concept of corporate election found in the Old Testament and Jewish law.

His tomb, according to a medieval Jewish tradition, is considered to be in a building not far from the Cave of the Patriarchs.

* 1948 – The Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.

* Portions of this article have been taken from the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1906.

Historians identify several waves of migration to the United States: one from 1815 – 1860, in which some five million English, Irish, Germanic, Scandinavian, and others from northwestern Europe came to the United States ; one from 1865 – 1890, in which some 10 million immigrants, also mainly from northwestern Europe, settled, and a third from 1890 – 1914, in which 15 million immigrants, mainly from central, eastern, and southern Europe ( many Austrian, Hungarian, Turkish, Lithuanian, Russian, Jewish, Greek, Italian, and Romanian ) settled in the United States.

but both groups were so closely knit that despite individual differences the family life in both cases was remarkably similar in atmosphere if not entirely in content -- the one being definitely Jewish and the other vaguely Christian.

Included are the following: Baptist Student Movement, Canterbury Club ( Episcopal ), Christian Science Organization, Friends' Meeting for Worship, Hillel ( Jewish ), Liberal Religious Fellowship, Lutheran Student Association, Newman Club ( Roman Catholic ), Presbyterian Student Fellowship, United Student Fellowship ( Congregational-Baptist ), and Wesley Fellowship ( Methodist ).

The Jewish synagogue affords a parallel to the Christian congregation, but Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Confucianism, Taoism, Shintoism, although they have sacred scriptures, priests, spiritual disciplines, and places of prayer, do not have a congregation as a local household of faith and love.

In metaphysics, Aristotelianism had a profound influence on philosophical and theological thinking in the Islamic and Jewish traditions in the Middle Ages, and it continues to influence Christian theology, especially the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church.

See also: Jewish philosophy, Christian philosophy

Private and alternative education institutions for children in preschool-12th grade include Regents School of Austin, Redeemer Lutheran School, Garza ( public ), Austin Discovery School ( public charter ), Austin Jewish Academy, The Austin Waldorf School, The Griffin School, The Khabele School, Concordia Academy, St. Ignatius Martyr Catholic School, Holy Family Catholic School, San Juan Diego Catholic High School, Brentwood Christian School, St. Austin Catholic School, St. Stephen's Episcopal School, St. Mary's, St. Theresa's, St. Michael's Catholic Academy, St. Gabriel's Catholic School, St. Andrew's Episcopal School, St. Francis Episcopal School, Saint Paul Lutheran School, Trinity Episcopal School, Huntington-Surrey, Cleaview Sudbury School, The Inside Outside School, ACE Academy, Paragon Preparatory Middle School, Austin International School, The Progress School and a number of Montessori schools.

Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella, and this tradition has existed continuously in both of these religions as well as in Islam.

Christian and Jewish mystical thought have also influenced the development of Anthroposophy.

Saint Apollos ( Ἀπολλώς ; contracted from Apollonius ) is an apostle who is also a 1st century Alexandrian Jewish Christian mentioned several times in the New Testament.

A table comparing the canons of some of these traditions appears below, comparing the Jewish Bible with the Christian Old Testament and New Testament.

Though a practicing Christian, he had been born into a Jewish family with origins from Portugal, and had converted at a young age.

Although born of Jewish parents, Disraeli was baptised in the Christian faith at the age of twelve, and remained an observant Anglican for the rest of his life.

The Egyptian identification card controversy began in the 1990s when the government modernized the electronic processing of identity documents, which introduced a de facto requirement that documents must list the person's religion as Muslim, Christian, or Jewish ( the only three religions officially recognized by the government ).

Following a protracted legal process culminating in a court ruling favorable to the Bahá ' ís, the interior minister of Egypt released a decree on April 14, 2009, amending the law to allow Egyptians who are not Muslim, Christian, or Jewish to obtain identification documents that list dash in place of one of the three recognized religions.

Benjamin () was the last-born of Jacob's twelve sons, and the second and last son of Rachel in Jewish, Christian and Islamic tradition.

The combined book Ezra-Nehemiah of the earliest Christian and Jewish period was known as Ezra and was probably attributed to him ; according to a rabbinic tradition, however, Nehemiah was the real author but was forbidden to claim authorship because of his bad habit of disparaging others.

Jewish and Christian tradition held that the entire book is by the 8th century BCE prophet Isaiah, but scholars have concluded since the late 19th century that it cannot be by a single author.

1 and 2 Samuel were originally ( and still is in some Jewish bibles ) a single book, but the first Greek translation, produced in the centuries immediately before Christ, divided it into two ; this was adopted by the Latin translation used in the early Christian church of the West, and finally introduced into Jewish bibles around the early 16th century CE.

It is a rather short book, in both Jewish and Christian scripture, consisting of only four chapters.

They act in ways enjoined in both Jewish and Christian precepts, that promote the well-being of others.

The Book of Esther is a book in the Ketuvim (" writings "), the third section of the Jewish Tanakh ( the Hebrew Bible ) and is part of the Christian Old Testament.

The name Ahasuerus is equivalent to Xerxes, both deriving from the Persian Khshayārsha, thus Ahasuerus is usually identified as Xerxes I ( 486-465 BCE ), though Ahasuerus is identified as Artaxerxes in the later Greek version of Esther ( as well as by Josephus, the Jewish commentary Esther Rabbah, the Ethiopic translation and the Christian theologian Bar-Hebraeus who identified him more precisely as Artaxerxes II ).

According to Jewish and Christian traditions, authorship is assigned to the Prophet Jeremiah, who was ministering the Word of God during the conquest of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, during which the First Temple was destroyed and King Zedekiah was taken prisoner ( cf.