In certain Gulf Arab countries, " bachelor " can refer to men who are single as well as immigrant men married to a spouse residing in their country of origin ( due to the high added cost of sponsoring a spouse onsite ), and a colloquial term " executive bachelor " is also used in rental and sharing accommodation advertisements to indicate availability to white-collar bachelors in particular.

In Mexico, the term " yupi " is a neologism for residents of metropolitan Mexico City known for having a modern white-collar economy.

The term white-collar worker refers to a person who performs professional, managerial, or administrative work, in contrast with a blue-collar worker, whose job requires manual labor.

In his major work, Economy and Society he used this term in arbitrary chronological and geographical frames, e. g., he wrote that " this Christian preoccupation with the formulation of dogmas was in Antiquity particularly influenced by the distinctive character of ' intelligentsia ', which was the product of Greek education " When formulating major social classes of his time, Weber combines intelligentsia with other social categories, e. g., he defines a major class consisting of " the propertyless intelligentsia and specialists ( technicians, various kinds of white-collar employees, civil servants – possible with considerable social differences depending on the cost of their training )" and yet other " classes privileged through property and education ".

Others dispute this, freely using the term " middle class " to refer to affluent white-collar workers as described above ( even though, in Marxist terms, they are part of the proletariat — the working class ).

The term does not include all workers who receive a set salary, but only " white-collar workers in the large bureaucracy of a business firm or government office ".

*" Arbeitertum der Faust und der Stirn " – " Workers of both manual and mental labor " i. e. blue-collar and white-collar workers ; the Nazi Party self description as an " all-inclusive workers ' party " ( a term originally designed to carry anti-Communist overtones ).

Pink-collar worker is a term designating a type of worker and is set to contrast with a blue-collar worker or a white-collar worker.

Hubris, though not specifically defined, was a legal term and was considered a crime in classical Athens.

The Dictionary of Politics: Selected American and Foreign Political and Legal Terms defines the term Alford plea as: " A plea under which a defendant may choose to plead guilty, not because of an admission to the crime, but because the prosecutor has sufficient evidence to place a charge and to obtain conviction in court.

Since society considers so many rights as natural ( hence the term " right ") rather than man-made, what constitutes a crime also counts as natural, in contrast to laws ( seen as man-made ).

However, the term is not specific to ( Mafia-affiliated ) organized crime.

Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations.

More recently, ethnic conflicts in Bosnia and Herzegovina and genocide in Rwanda have been described as mass-based hate crimes, but the term " hate crime " did not really begin to be used until after World War II and the end of most major government-sanctioned racial cleansing projects that had been linked with official fascism.

The term " hate crime " is now used more often than in the past mainly because the groups that used to have official endorsement under with intergovernmental and / or armed forces involvement.

Netwar is a term developed by RAND researchers John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt to describe an emergent form of low intensity conflict, crime, and activism waged by social networked actors.

The term is used in forensic science or forensic engineering to describe objects placed over one another to establish the sequence of events at an accident or crime scene.

Such groups view prostitution variously as a crime or as victimization, and see the term " sex work " as legitimizing criminal activity or exploitation as a type of labor.

Hoffman states that “ even the most cursory review of terrorist tactics and targets over the past quarter century reveals that terrorists have violated all these rules .” Hoffman also states that when states transgress these rules of war “ the term “ war crime ” is used to describe such acts .”

The term " tabloid journalism ", which tends to emphasize topics such as sensational crime stories, astrology, celebrity gossip and TV is commonly associated with tabloid sized newspapers, though some respected newspapers such as The Independent are in tabloid format, and in the United Kingdom the size is used by nearly all local newspapers.

As the term tabloid has now become linked to stories about crime and scandal, some small-format papers which claim a higher standard of journalism refer to themselves as compact newspapers instead.

To that end, the Court ruled in Dumbra v. United States,, that the term probable cause means " less than evidence that would justify condemnation ," reiterating Carroll's assertion that it merely requires that the facts available to the officer would " warrant a man of reasonable caution " in the belief that specific items may be contraband or stolen property or useful as evidence of a crime.

The choice to use victim facilitation as opposed to “ victim blaming ” or some other term is that victim facilitation is not blaming the victim, but rather the interactions of the victim that make him / her vulnerable to a crime.

The term victimology, in fact, denotes to the subject, which studies about the harms caused to victim in commission of crime and the relative scope for compensation to the victim, as a means of redressal, because, in criminal jurisprudence, mere punishing of offender is not sufficient, to redress the grievance of victim, rather there is need to compensate the loss or harms suffered by the victim.

For instance, the Chinese triads, secret societies and gangs use the term jianghu to describe their world of organised crime.

Although it is widely reported that Puzo was inspired to use " Godfather " as a designator for a Mafia leader from his experience as a reporter, the term The Godfather was first used in connection with the Mafia during Joe Valachi's testimony during a 1963 United States congressional hearing on organized crime.

Because the definition of a state of " war " may be debated, the term " war crime " itself has seen different usage under different systems of international and military law.

A victimless crime is a term used to refer to actions that have been ruled illegal but do not directly violate or threaten the rights of any other individual.

The term " victimless crime " is not used in jurisprudence, but is rather used to cast doubt onto the efficacy of past, existing and proposed legislation ; or to highlight the unintended consequences of the same.

Use of the term to describe aerial attacks implies the attacks are criminal according to the law of war, or if within the laws of war are nevertheless a moral crime.

While the crime of apartheid is most often associated with the racist policies of South Africa after 1948, the term more generally refers to racially based policies in any state.

For the purpose of the present Convention, the term ' the crime of apartheid ', which shall include similar policies and practices of racial segregation and discrimination as practiced in southern Africa, shall apply to the following inhumane acts committed for the purpose of establishing and maintaining domination by one racial group of persons over any other racial group of persons and systematically oppressing them:

Depending upon the circumstances of the crime, and any resulting injury, the offense is punishable by a range of fines and / or imprisonment for any term of years up to life, or the death penalty.

It became the sole `` subject '' of `` international law '' ( a term which, it is pertinent to remember, was coined by Bentham ), a body of legal principle which by and large was made up of what Western nations could do in the world arena.

'' The other important difference between the two Constitutions was that the President of the Confederacy held office for six ( instead of four ) years, and was limited to one term.

Bang-Jensen said you told correspondents that you had checked in advance to make sure the term ' aberrant conduct ' was not libelous.

His parents talked seriously and lengthily to their own doctor and to a specialist at the University Hospital -- Mr. McKinley was entitled to a discount for members of his family -- and it was decided it would be best for him to take the remainder of the term off, spend a lot of time in bed and, for the rest, do pretty much as he chose -- provided, of course, he chose to do nothing too exciting or too debilitating.

His teacher and his school principal were conferred with and everyone agreed that, if he kept up with a certain amount of work at home, there was little danger of his losing a term.

The term enquetes demographiques, previously used for the supplementary investigations carried out in connection with the administrative censuses, was used for the new investigations.

This term was also used by the cowboy in the sense of a human showin' fight, as one cowhand was heard to say, `` He arches his back like a mule in a hailstorm ''.

the first use of the word `` rustler '' was as a synonym for `` hustler '', becomin' an established term for any person who was active, pushin', and bustlin' in any enterprise.

Engages must be loyal to the concessionaires, and must serve until the term provided in the engagement was ended.

The September-October term jury had been charged by Fulton Superior Court Judge Durwood Pye to investigate reports of possible `` irregularities '' in the hard-fought primary which was won by Mayor-nominate Ivan Allen Jr..

When the crowd was asked whether it wanted to wait one more term to make the race, it voted no -- and there were no dissents.

Petitions asking for a jail term for Norristown attorney Julian W. Barnard will be presented to the Montgomery County Court Friday, it was disclosed Tuesday by Horace A. Davenport, counsel for the widow of the man killed last Nov. 1 by Barnard's hit-run car.

Friday afternoon the Rev. T. F. Zimmerman was reelected for his second consecutive two-year term as general superintendent of Assemblies of God.

Commenting on the earlier stage, the Notre Dame Chapter of the American Association of University Professors ( in a recent report on the question of faculty participation in administrative decision-making ) noted that the term `` teacher-employee '' ( as opposed to, e.g., `` maintenance employee '' ) was a not inapt description.

The Unitarian clergy were an exclusive club of cultivated gentlemen -- as the term was then understood in the Back Bay -- and Parker was definitely not a gentleman, either in theology or in manners.

or `` Carmine Theater, 1912 '', the only canvas with an ash can ( and foraging dog ), although Sloan was a member of the famous `` Eight '', and of the so-called `` Ash-Can School '', a term he resented.

The term was introduced into optics by Johann Heinrich Lambert in his 1760 work Photometria.

In 1846, Lincoln was elected to the U. S. House of Representatives, where he served one two-year term.

Realizing Clay was unlikely to win the presidency, Lincoln, who had pledged in 1846 to serve only one term in the House, supported General Zachary Taylor for the Whig nomination in the 1848 presidential election.