Jean Bodin, writing in the sixteenth century, may have been the seminal thinker, but it was the vastly influential John Austin who set out the main lines of the concept as now understood.

They recognized that slavery was a moral issue and not merely an economic interest, and that to recognize it explicitly in their Constitution would be in explosive contradiction to the concept of sovereignty they had set forth in the Declaration of 1776 that `` all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among them are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

But though the Southern States, when drafting a constitution to unite themselves, narrowed the difference to this fine point by omitting to assert the right to secede, the fact remained that by seceding from the Union they had already acted on the concept that it was composed primarily of sovereign states.

What was perhaps more important than his concept of the nature of history and the historical method were those forces which shaped the direction of his thought.

There was only one way to accomplish this: by design, by drawing diagrams and sketches in which he probed the remotest corner of his mind for creative ideas to carry his concept.

what mattered was that a new concept of Americans was being born.

The concept of the Middle Kingdom at peace, strong and united under a forceful ruler, which had been only a longed-for ideal in the time of the Warring States, was finally realized by the establishment of a Chinese Empire under the Ch'in dynasty ( 221-207 B.C. ).

there was no Martian concept to match it -- unless one took `` church '' and `` worship '' and `` God '' and `` congregation '' and many other words and equated them to the totality of the only world he had known during growing-waiting then forced the concept back into English in that phrase which had been rejected ( by each differently ) by Jubal, by Mahmoud, by Digby.

He was closer to understanding it in English now, although it could never have the inevitability of the Martian concept it stood for.

`` I did not perceive this essential distinction either, First-Born '', Hesperus said at once, `` I was only practicing a concept that Jack taught me, called a deal ''.

This concept was emphasized by Sufi mystics like Rabia al-Adawiyya who paid attention to the difference between dedication to Allah ( i. e. God ) and dedication to people.

The zero was probably introduced to the Chinese in the Tang Dynasty ( 618-907 AD ) when travel in the Indian Ocean and the Middle East would have provided direct contact with India, allowing them to acquire the concept of zero and the decimal point from Indian merchants and mathematicians.

A third concept was proposed in 1923 by Gilbert N. Lewis which includes reactions with acid-base characteristics that do not involve a proton transfer.

The concept of an atom as an indivisible component of matter was first proposed by early Indian and Greek philosophers.

As it took many years for the name " The Ashes " to be given to the ongoing series between England and Australia, there was no concept of there being a representation of the ashes being presented to the winners.

Ford was the first company to build large factories around the assembly line concept.

The assembly line concept was independently redeveloped throughout history and not " invented " at one time by one person.

A peculiar feature of these Taoist thinkers, like the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, was the concept of feng liu ( lit.

Rabbi Trugman states that in the last five centuries the concept of reincarnation, which until then had been a much hidden tradition within Judaism, was given open exposure.

The Arian concept of Christ is that the Son of God did not always exist, but was created by — and is therefore distinct from — God the Father.

Woolfson, a songwriter and composer, was working as a session pianist ; he had also composed material for a concept album idea based on the work of Edgar Allan Poe.

A grant application to build a proof of concept prototype was submitted in March 1939 to the Agronomy department which was also interested in speeding up computation for economic and research analysis.

It also introduces the concept of a Delphi pool, perhaps derived from the RAND Corporation's Delphi method-a futures market on world events which bears close resemblance to DARPA's controversial and cancelled Policy Analysis Market.

to the Sega Mega Drive / Genesis was cancelled after Bunten refused to put guns and bombs in the game, feeling it would alter the game too much from its original concept.

Small flying models were made but the concept was cancelled in 1947.

With the GO-Urban concept having since been cancelled, and GO Transit having turned to conventional heavy rail systems, the only suitable local market was the Toronto Transit Commission ( TTC ).

While the Aerostar was originally planned to use an optional diesel engine, this option was cancelled after the release of the concept.

However, Kilrea praised the concept of bus rapid networks as one of the best in North America The project was later cancelled on December 14, 2006 by City Council.

The game was titled Star Wars: Imperial Commando and was based on the Imperial commando units-the Empire's elite ground combat troops, however the project only went as far as concept paintings, and was cancelled in 2004.

The concept of taking dental capabilities to the Fleet became so popular that in August 1945, plans were authorized to build four Dental Clinic Ships … but these plans were cancelled when the war ended.

At the 2012 San Diego ComicCon, concept art for new figures of Golobulus, Royal Guard, Pythona, and a mutant-snake Cobra Commander appeared in a Hasbro display featuring cancelled toys.

As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of ' Fair Game ' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and / or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.

However, the group cancelled the " triplecast " after realising they had not fully developed the concept.

The show was cancelled in the Spring of 2006 and replaced by a similar one called Doobidoo, based on a Swedish concept.

Semantic ambiguity arises when a word or concept has an inherently diffuse meaning based on widespread or informal usage.

The true and global revitalisation of interest in the concept dates from 1903, when Pelham Warner took a team to Australia with the promise that he would regain " the ashes ".

The concept occurs when a unit of meaning can vary in sound without changing meaning.

Quite possibly it was a survival of a Roman concept of " Britain ": it is significant that, while the hyperbolic inscriptions on coins and titles in charters often included the title rex Britanniae, when England was unified the title used was rex Angulsaxonum, (' king of the Anglo-Saxons '.

In 1975 until when he continued to release singles, he released his first non-compilation LP 2023, a concept album that includes many instrumental songs.

After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh / borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.

Although the game had " incredible role-playing potential ", the concept of role-playing rabbits can be viewed as bizarre, and as such at least one commentator believes that " most people thought it was stupid " when it was first released.

Following an interpretation of, for instance,, adherents of the Born again concept believe that when a person accepts Jesus as the Messiah and receives the Holy Spirit, a radical " change of heart " occurs.

But only when a more centralized English monarchy emerged following the Norman invasion, and when the kings of England attempted to assert power over the land and its peoples, did the modern concept emerge, namely of a crime not only as an offence against the " individual ", but also as a wrong against the " State ".

In 1954, an important concept was discovered: chordic production is easier to master when the production is done at the release of the keys instead of when they are pressed.

This dual personality of the unseen and the seen, the spiritual and material, the eternal Christ and the corporeal Jesus manifest in flesh, continued until the Master's ascension, when the human, material concept, or Jesus, disappeared, while the spiritual self, or Christ, continues to exist in the eternal order of divine Science, taking away the sins of the world, as the Christ has always done, even before the human Jesus was incarnate to mortal eyes.

" makes no sense ; the concept of " before " becomes meaningless when considering a situation without time.

The concept of the Universal Queue standardizes the processing of communications across multiple technologies such as fax, phone, and email whilst the concept of a Virtual queue provides callers with an alternative to waiting on hold when no agents are available to handle inbound call demand. A typical call centre telephone.

The central argument in Principles was that the present is the key to the past – a concept of the Scottish Enlightenment which David Hume had stated as " all inferences from experience suppose ... that the future will resemble the past ", and James Hutton had described when he wrote in 1788 that " from what has actually been, we have data for concluding with regard to that which is to happen thereafter.

# Psychological adjustment exists when the concept of the self is such that all the sensory and visceral experiences of the organism are, or may be, assimilated on a symbolic level into a consistent relationship with the concept of self.

Distortion occurs when the individual perceives a threat to their self concept.

Although the concept of consilience in Whewell's sense was widely discussed by philosophers of science, the term was unfamiliar to the broader public until the end of the 20th century, when it was revived in Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge, a 1998 book by the humanist biologist Edward Osborne Wilson, as an attempt to bridge the culture gap between the sciences and the humanities that was the subject of C. P. Snow's The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution ( 1959 ).

In keeping with the concept of vacuous truth, when disjunction is defined as an operator or function of arbitrary arity, the empty disjunction ( OR-ing over an empty set of operands ) is often defined as having the result 0.

The concept of data warehousing dates back to the late 1980s when IBM researchers Barry Devlin and Paul Murphy developed the " business data warehouse ".