We may thus trace the notion of individual autonomy from its manifestation in religious practice and theological reflection through practical politics and political theory into literature and the arts.

As an alternative ethical theory, Lewis offered a form of divine command theory which equated God with goodness and treated goodness as an essential part of reality, thus asserting God's existence.

It is either the collective term for ethics and aesthetics — philosophical fields that depend crucially on notions of value — or the foundation for these fields, and thus similar to value theory and meta-ethics.

According to bundle theory, an object consists of its properties and nothing more: thus neither can there be an object without properties nor can one even conceive of such an object ; for example, bundle theory claims that thinking of an apple compels one also to think of its color, its shape, the fact that it is a kind of fruit, its cells, its taste, or at least one other of its properties.

However, the argument concludes that the conceptual challenge of bare particulars leaves a bundle of properties and nothing more as the only possible conception of an object, thus justifying bundle theory.

The bundle theory of substance thus rejects the substance theories of Aristotle, Descartes, and more recently, J. P. Moreland, Jia Hou, Joseph Bridgman, Quentin Smith, and others.

Since the desired effect is computational difficulty, in theory one would choose an algorithm and desired difficulty level, thus decide the key length accordingly.

With an essential principle like " when the epoch changed, the ways changed ", it upholds the rule of law and is thus a theory of jurisprudence.

That same year, Walther Kossel put forward a theory similar to Lewis ' only his model assumed complete transfers of electrons between atoms, and was thus a model of ionic bonds.

; thus a " co-valent bond ", in essence, means that the atoms share " valence ", such as is discussed in valence bond theory.

As a term, critical theory has two meanings with different origins and histories: the first originated in sociology and the second originated in literary criticism, whereby it is used and applied as an umbrella term that can describe a theory founded upon critique ; thus, the theorist Max Horkheimer described a theory as critical in so far as it seeks " to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them.

Often, the term " critical theory " is appropriated when an author ( perhaps most notably Michel Foucault ) works within sociological terms yet attacks the social or human sciences ( thus attempting to remain " outside " those frames of enquiry ).

And thus incidentally critical theory in the sociological sense also became, especially among literary scholars of left-wing sympathies, one of a number of influences upon and streams within critical theory in the literary sense.

Based on passive cable theory one can track how changes in a neuron ’ s dendritic morphology changes the membrane voltage at the soma, and thus how variation in dendrite architectures affects the overall output characteristics of the neuron.

Haug's concept was subsequently disseminated as a Parsi interpretation, thus corroborating Haug's theory and the idea became so popular that it is now almost universally accepted as doctrine.

One theory is that this was caused by a design fault in the ammunition loading system to the main gun turrets, so that an enemy hit on the turret set off an explosion in the magazine, thus sinking the ship.

According to theory, this may give a comparative advantage in production of goods that make more intensive use of the relatively more abundant, thus relatively cheaper, input.

In quantum theory ( see first quantization ) the energy of the photons is thus directly proportional to the frequency of the EMR wave.

In addition, relativity theory shows that in moving frames of reference a magnetic field transforms to a field with a nonzero electric component and vice versa ; thus firmly showing that they are two sides of the same coin, and thus the term " electromagnetism ".

The theory predicts a linear dependence of Af on Af, where J is the experimentally determined Curie-Weiss constant.

The theory of special relativity predicts that any such device would allow communication from the future to the past, which raises problems of causality, unless the device used general relativistic curved spacetimes as an integral part.

* BCS theory predicts the dependence of the value of the energy gap E at temperature T on the critical temperature T < sub > c </ sub >.

* BCS theory correctly predicts the Meissner effect, i. e. the expulsion of a magnetic field from the superconductor and the variation of the penetration depth ( the extent of the screening currents flowing below the metal's surface ) with temperature.

The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass will deform spacetime to form a black hole.

The analogy was completed when Hawking, in 1974, showed that quantum field theory predicts that black holes should radiate like a black body with a temperature proportional to the surface gravity of the black hole.

Quantum field theory predicts a cosmological constant much like dark energy, but 120 orders of magnitude larger than that observed.

In contrast simple molecular orbital theory predicts that the hydrogen molecule dissociates into a linear superposition of hydrogen atoms and positive and negative hydrogen ions, a completely unphysical result.

Similarly, demand-and-supply theory predicts a new price-quantity combination from a shift in demand ( as to the figure ), or in supply.

Elementary demand-and-supply theory predicts equilibrium but not the speed of adjustment for changes of equilibrium due to a shift in demand or supply.

EPR tried to set up a paradox to question the range of true application of Quantum Mechanics: Quantum theory predicts that both values cannot be known for a particle, and yet the EPR thought experiment purports to show that they must all have determinate values.

String theory predicts the existence of gravitons and their well-defined interactions.

For example, at very high temperature and high pressure, unless there are sufficiently many flavors of quarks, the theory of quantum chromodynamics ( QCD ) predicts that quarks and gluons will no longer be confined within hadrons < i > because the strength of the strong interaction diminishes with energy .</ i > This property, which is known as asymptotic freedom, has been experimentally confirmed in the energy range between 1 GeV ( gigaelectronvolt ) and 1 TeV ( teraelectronvolt ).

The labor theory of value predicts that profits will be higher in labor-intensive industries than in capital-intensive industries, and empirical data contradicts this.

Solved self-consistently, this theory predicts thermotropic nematic-isotropic phase transitions, consistent with experiment.

Although the aether is almost stationary according to Fresnel, his theory predicts a positive outcome of aether drift experiments only to second order in, because Fresnel's dragging coefficient would cause a negative outcome of all optical experiments capable of measuring effects to first order in.

Paul Dirac observed in 1931 that, because electricity and magnetism show a certain symmetry, just as quantum theory predicts that individual positive or negative electric charges can be observed without the opposing charge, isolated South or North magnetic poles should be observable.

While the supergravity description assumes a continuous space-time, Matrix theory predicts that, at short distances, non-commutative geometry takes over, somewhat similar to the way the continuum of water breaks down at short distances in favor of the graininess of molecules.

Of course this theorem is considered irrelevant by economists who do not believe that general equilibrium theory correctly predicts the functioning of market economies ; but it is given great importance by neoclassical economists and it is the theoretical reason given by them for combating monopolies and for antitrust legislation.

Specifically, he demonstrated an upper limit, known as Bell's inequality, regarding the strength of correlations that can be produced in any theory obeying local realism, and he showed that quantum theory predicts violations of this limit for certain entangled systems.

In particular, Abrikosov showed that Ginzburg-Landau theory predicts the division of superconductors into the two categories now referred to as Type I and Type II.

A theory of everything ( ToE ) or final theory is a putative theory of theoretical physics that fully explains and links together all known physical phenomena, and predicts the outcome of any experiment that could be carried out in principle.