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He led two embassies to the Mongols: the first carried letters from Pope Innocent IV and the second bore gifts and letters from Louis IX of France to Güyük Khan.
" Although he did not fare so well during the reign of Innocent X, under Alexander VII, he once again regained pre-eminent artistic domination and continued to be held in high regard by Clement IX.
Born as Rinaldo di Jenne in Jenne ( now in the Province of Rome ), he was, on his mother's side, a member of the family de ' Conti di Segni, the counts of Segni, like Pope Innocent III and Pope Gregory IX.
After the death of Pope Innocent IX ( 1591 ), another stormy conclave ensued, where a determined minority of Italian Cardinals were unwilling to be dictated to by Philip II of Spain.
One group of cardinals, which included Sinibaldo de ' Fieschi ( soon to be Pope Innocent IV ) backed a candidate from the inner circle of Pope Gregory IX expected to pursue the hard line with Frederick II.
Gregory, who was in poor health before his election to the papacy, died due to a large gallstone and was succeeded by Innocent IX.
The events of Innocent IV's pontificate are therefore inextricably linked to the policies dominating the reigns of popes Innocent III, Honorius III and Gregory IX.
His father was Count Trasimund of Segni and was a member of a famous house, Conti, which produced nine Popes, including Gregory IX, Alexander IV and Innocent XIII.
Pope Innocent IX ( 20 July 1519 – 30 December 1591 ), born Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti, was Pope from 29 October 1591 to his death on 30 December of the same year.
This time the Spanish party in the College of Cardinals did not go so far, but they still controlled a majority, and after a quick conclave they raised Facchinetti to the papal chair as Pope Innocent IX.
Mindful of the origin of his success, Innocent IX supported, during his two months ' pontificate, the cause of Philip II and the Catholic League against Henry IV of France ( 1589 – 1610 ) in the civil Wars of Religion ( 1562 – 1598 ), where a papal army was in the field.
Born in Rome of a family from Gubbio in Umbria who had come to Rome during the pontificate of Pope Innocent IX, he graduated from the Collegio Romano and followed a conventional cursus honorum, following his uncle Girolamo Pamphilj as auditor of the Rota, and like him, attaining the dignity of Cardinal-Priest of Sant ' Eusebio, in 1629.
Like Pope Innocent III ( 1198 – 1216 ), Pope Gregory IX ( 1227 – 1241 ) and Pope Alexander IV ( 1254 – 1261 ), he was a member of the family of the Conti, counts and dukes of Segni.
* January 30 – Pope Clement VIII ( born Ippolito Aldobrandini ) succeeds Pope Innocent IX, who died one month earlier, as the 231st pope.
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