The actual change Af caused by a shear field is calculated by multiplying the pressure differential times the volume, just as it is for any gravitational or osmotic pressure head.

The need that we not give unqualified approval to any but a limited use of economic pressure directed against the actual doers of injustice is clear also in light of the fact that White Citizens' Councils seem resolved to maintain segregation mainly by the use of these same means and not ordinarily by physical violence.

The actual pressure exerted by light is far too small to move these vanes, but can be measured with devices such as the Nichols radiometer.

For liquids, whether the incompressible assumption is valid depends on the fluid properties ( specifically the critical pressure and temperature of the fluid ) and the flow conditions ( how close to the critical pressure the actual flow pressure becomes ).

This actual area of contact, caused by " asperities " ( roughness ) increases with pressure, explaining the proportionality between normal force and frictional force.

Some standard values of atmospheric pressure such as 101. 325 kPa or 100 kPa have been defined, and some instruments use one of these standard values as a constant zero reference instead of the actual variable ambient air pressure.

If the process pressure connection of an absolute pressure transmitter is open to the air, it will read the actual barometric pressure.

Tapping on the face of the gauge is not recommended as it will tend to falsify actual readings initially presented by the gauge. The Bourdon tube is separate from the face of the gauge and thus has no effect on the actual reading of pressure.

However, one must be aware that this type of altimeter relies on " density altitude " and its readings can vary by hundreds of feet owing to a sudden change in air pressure, such as from a cold front, without any actual change in altitude.

As the air pressure will be decreased at altitudes above sea level ( and increased below sea level ) the actual reading of the instrument will be dependent upon its location.

* These results are combined to give a specific (" crisp ") answer, the actual brake pressure, a procedure known as " defuzzification ".

The actual cooking time also depends on the pressure release method used after timing ( see # Pressure release methods for details ) and the thickness of the food, since thicker foods take longer to cook.

The actual philosophy would depend on operational circumstances such as pressure, temperature, type of flow ( gas, liquid, presences of water etc.

Damage is a card game enhanced with psychological and emotional pressure by direct mind-to-mind contact, where the " tokens " of play are actual living beings who are killed when a player loses a round.

Most patients with angina complain of chest discomfort rather than actual pain: the discomfort is usually described as a pressure, heaviness, tightness, squeezing, burning, or choking sensation.

Its potential form is air pressure ; its kinetic form is the actual dynamic airflow.

At this, the students let out a yell, knowing full well the actual frontier was beyond the town of Kehl.

He never let me know that my visit was about to terminate until the actual morning I was to leave for Lymington.

The actual impelling force which severed me from evangelical effort was of another sort.

and this first section was somehow preserved ( there are always these annoying little mysteries about the actual facts of Malraux's life ) when the Gestapo destroyed the rest.

In order to further refine the management of passenger vehicles, on July 1, 1958, the actual title to every vehicle was transferred, by Executive Order, to the Division of Methods, Research and Office Services.

that he was `` devoting an average of 100 hours a month to actual preaching publicly '', in addition to 50 to 75 hours in other ministerial duties, and that he opposed war in any form.

Its ground for this recommendation was that, while petitioner claimed before the local board August 17, 1956 ( as evidenced by its memorandum in his file of that date ), that he was devoting 100 hours per month to actual preaching, the headquarters of the Jehovah's Witnesses reported that he was no longer doing so and, on the contrary, had relinquished both his Pioneer and Bible Student Servant positions.

Timothy Palmer, who invented and later patented the arch type of construction for wooden bridges, was the genius who planned and supervised the building of the Essex, or `` Deer Island '' bridge although the actual work was carried out under the direction of William Coombs, who received $300 as recompense.

When I looked up the actual date of his birth and found it to be March 15th, I realized that Roy was born under the right zodiacal sign for a watercolorist: the water sign of Pisces ( February 18 thru March 20 ).

Final ratings were made on the basis of a point system which was developed after studying the distributions of actual behaviors recorded and assigning weight values to each type of behavior that was deviant from the discovered norms.

Voting preparations began in the fall of 1959, although the actual demarcation and planning for the rural communes was completed in 1958.

The Summary Report, which was prepared for this Conference, indicates, first, that actual or pending school desegregation is increasing ; ;

The actual function of patristic communism was adequately set forth by St. Gregory almost a millenium before More wrote Utopia.

It was for this reason, and no other that I can see, that in September 1912, Braque took the radical and revolutionary step of pasting actual pieces of imitation-woodgrain wallpaper to a drawing on paper, instead of trying to simulate its texture in paint.

If the symbolic name or actual address of an index word or electronic switch appears or is included in the operand of an XRELEASE or SRELEASE statement ( see page 101 ), the specified index word or electronic switch will again be made available, regardless of the method by which it was reserved.

At any rate, the substance of Eichmann's testimony was that all his actions flowed from his membership in the party and the SS, and though the Prosecutor did his utmost to prove actual personal hatred of Jews, his success on this score was doubtful and the anti-Semitic lesson weakened to that extent.

Her first actual flight, for she and her kind had made mock flights on dummy panels since she was eight, showed her complete mastery of the techniques of her profession.

Although it was recognized that certain tributaries, represented for example, in the XVIIIth Dynasty tomb of Rekhmara at Egyptian Thebes as bearing vases of peculiar forms, were of some Mediterranean race, neither their precise habitat nor the degree of their civilization could be determined while so few actual prehistoric remains were known in the Mediterranean lands.

The actual position of the piston can be determined by trigonometry, using the stroke length and the connecting rod length ( measured between centers ).

But then it was already a long established practice that Rome itself was only a ceremonial capital, as the actual seat of the Imperial administration was determined by the needs of defense.

In particular, the count of arithmetic operations is usually the focus of such questions, although actual performance on modern-day computers is determined by many other factors such as cache or CPU pipeline optimization.

While it cannot be determined why exactly the government does not allow private cars to be fuelled by diesel, it has been pointed out that the government does receive a tax that is 150 % of the actual fuel cost.

Speech, on account of the whole preceding life of the adult, is connected up with all the internal and external stimuli which can reach the cortex, signaling all of them and replacing all of them, and therefore it can call forth all those reactions of the organism which are normally determined by the actual stimuli themselves.

IQ, or intelligence quotient, was originally determined by dividing a person's mental age, as determined by standardized tests, by their actual age.

The final premium is based on the insured's actual loss experience during the policy term, sometimes subject to a minimum and maximum premium, with the final premium determined by a formula.

Skeptical in tone, it held that the law should be understood and determined by the actual practices of courts, law offices, and police stations, rather than as the rules and doctrines set forth in statutes or learned treatises.

The gameplay as Nights is not completely 3D: players can only fly in the 2D plane of the screen, with their actual motion through the level determined by the automatic camera angle at that point in the Mare.

The actual value of a natural pearl is determined in the same way as it would be for other " precious " gems.

Sceptical in tone, it held that the law should be understood determined by the actual practices of courts, law offices, and police stations, rather than as the rules and doctrines set forth in statutes or learned treatises.

Annual precipitation averages about, with actual amounts determined by elevation.

According to utilitarianism the moral worth of an action is determined only by its resulting outcome although there is debate over how much consideration should be given to actual consequences, foreseen consequences and intended consequences.

When the " characteristic freezing point " of a substance is determined, in fact the actual methodology is almost always " the principle of observing the disappearance rather than the formation of ice ", that is, the melting point.

It was found the modified compander resulted in a less than perfect step size at most signal levels and the fast gain error recovery increased the noise as determined by actual listening tests as compared to simple signal to noise measurements.

* Statutory rape where the " underage " participant ( s ) give actual consent, but the law-makers of the relevant jurisdiction have determined that people of that age are not legally capable of giving informed consent ( not informed adequately about the activity ).

This implied the de facto discovery of livermorium, as < sup > 291 </ sup > Lv ( see below ), from the acknowledgment of the data relating to the granddaughter < sup > 283 </ sup > Cn, although the actual discovery experiment may be determined as that above.

This diet remained in vogue until the actual cause of coeliac disease was determined.

The appearance of the internal is a mistake rooted in ignorance of causes, not in an actual volition, and therefore the will is always determined.

The actual shape of a graph of real world production trends is determined by various factors, such as development of enhanced production techniques, availability of competing resources, and government regulations on production or consumption.

Although it was recognized that certain tributaries, represented e. g. in the XVIIIth Dynasty tomb of Rekhmara at Egyptian Thebes as bearing vases of peculiar forms, were of some Mediterranean race, neither their precise habitat nor the degree of their civilization could be determined while so few actual prehistoric remains were known in the Mediterranean lands.

Wayne initially intended Fort Loramie to be an actual stockade, but after defeating the natives at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in August 1794, he determined a blockhouse and several storage buildings were more important.