Bottom-up parsing identifies and processes the text's lowest-level small details first, before its mid-level structures, and leaving the highest-level overall structure to last.

* Bottom-up models are often the result of a reengineering effort.

Objective Elaboration: Bottom-up thinking in which facts are scrutinized without bias ; seeking truth wherever it might lead.

* Online lecture on Molecular Electronics and the Bottom-up View of Electronic Conduction by S. Datta

Bottom-up approaches seek to have smaller ( usually molecular ) components built up into more complex assemblies, while top-down approaches seek to create nanoscale devices by using larger, externally controlled ones to direct their assembly.

Bottom-up parsing is a strategy for analyzing unknown data relationships that attempts to identify the most fundamental units first, and then to infer higher-order structures from them.

Bottom-up input arrives at layer 4 ( L4 ), whence it propagates to L2 and L3 for recognition of the invariant content.

* Bottom-up approach: Once we formulate the solution to a problem recursively as in terms of its subproblems, we can try reformulating the problem in a bottom-up fashion: try solving the subproblems first and use their solutions to build-on and arrive at solutions to bigger subproblems.

Bottom-up processing is a type of information processing based on incoming data from the environment to form a perception.

Bottom-up emphasizes coding and early testing, which can begin as soon as the first module has been specified.

See Top-down parsing and Bottom-up parsing.

Bottom-up approaches, in contrast, use the chemical properties of single molecules to cause single-molecule components to ( a ) self-organize or self-assemble into some useful conformation, or ( b ) rely on positional assembly.

" Bottom-up " ( or " small chunk ") cognition is akin to focusing on the detail primarily, rather than the landscape.

* Integrated Parallel Bottom-up and Top-down Approach.

* Bottom-up parsing-A parser can start with the input and attempt to rewrite it to the start symbol.

Bottom-up parsing lazily waits until it has scanned and parsed all parts of some construct before committing to what the combined construct is.

Bottom-up approaches, in contrast, use the chemical properties of single molecules to cause single-molecule components to ( a ) self-organize or self-assemble into some useful conformation, or ( b ) rely on positional assembly.

Bottom-up effects occur when the population density of a resource affects the population of the resources ’ consumer.

In contrast to all this, primary data are data of a self involved in environing processes and powers.

Later abstractive and rational processes may indicate errors of judgment in these apprehensions of value, but the apprehensions themselves are the primary stuff of experience.

and ( C ) to finance, for not more than three years beyond the end of said period, such activities as are required to correlate, coordinate, and round out the results of studies and research undertaken pursuant to this Act: Provided, That funds available in any one year for research and development may, subject to the approval of the Secretary of State to assure that such activities are consistent with the foreign policy objectives of the United States, be expended in cooperation with public or private agencies in foreign countries in the development of processes useful to the program in the United States: And provided further, That every such contract or agreement made with any public or private agency in a foreign country shall contain provisions effective to insure that the results or information developed in connection therewith shall be available without cost to the United States for the use of the United States throughout the world and for the use of the general public within the United States.

For, in accordance with Mr. Lowell's concept of an advisory board, our selections are made by experienced selectors who give both constancy and consistency to our processes and our choices.

Has your company developed selection and training processes that are geared to providing the caliber of salesmen you will need in the next 10 yrs.??

These are few and seemingly disjointed data, but they illustrate the important fact that fundamental alterations in conditioned reactions occur in a variety of states in which the hypothalamic balance has been altered by physiological experimentation, pharmacological action, or clinical processes.

Tension management and communication of sentiment are the processes involved in the functioning of the element of sentiment or feeling.

Institutionalization Though undoubtedly all six processes are operative within the whole social system and its subsystems, two processes that are of crucial importance to this study will be singled out for particular emphasis.

Competitive processes for preserving meats are by canning and freezing.

Field does the planning for the machine operations and fiscal processes and the adapting of the data processing system to new programs as they are made necessary by legislative and policy changes.

The bones are fully ossified and the vertebrae interlock with each by means of overlapping processes.

The term " allocution " is generally only in use in jurisdictions in the United States, though there are vaguely similar processes in other common law countries.

Transduction processes are also of special importance.

While modelling atoms in isolation may not seem realistic, if one considers atoms in a gas or plasma then the time-scales for atom-atom interactions are huge in comparison to the atomic processes that are generally considered.

There are rather strict selection rules as to the electronic configurations that can be reached by excitation by light — however there are no such rules for excitation by collision processes.

In theory it can occur only in nuclei somewhat heavier than nickel ( element 28 ), where overall binding energy per nucleon is no longer a minimum, and the nuclides are therefore unstable toward spontaneous fission-type processes.

The latter is seen in many processes in which both a particle and its antiparticle are created simultaneously, as in particle accelerators.

These processes are important in the vacuum state and renormalization of a quantum field theory.

A key concept in thermodynamics, many rapid chemical and physical processes are described or approximated in this way.

In practice arbitration is generally used as a substitute for judicial systems, particularly when the judicial processes are viewed as too slow, expensive or biased.

Gravitational collapse of matter into black holes is also thought to power the most energetic processes, generally seen at the centers of galaxies ( see quasars and active galaxies ).

While most elements are generally viewed as stable, a small amount of natural transformation of one element to another also occurs in the present time, through decay of radioactive elements as well as other natural nuclear processes.

Elements heavier than iron are made in energy-absorbing processes in large stars, and their abundance in the universe ( and on Earth ) generally decreases with their atomic number.

This way of conceiving mental processes has pervaded psychology more generally over the past few decades, and it is not uncommon to find cognitive theories within social psychology, personality psychology, abnormal psychology, and developmental psychology.

Though the model comes from the field of software development, it is also used as a general model to aid in business processes generally, and has been used extensively worldwide in government offices, commerce, industry and software-development organizations.

ADR generally depends on agreement by the parties to use ADR processes, either before or after a dispute has arisen.

" Even the EU preliminary statement of 2005 also said "... the polling processes were generally positive.

" Even the EU preliminary statement of 2005 said that "... the polling processes were generally positive.

While the resource inputs are generally controlled by external processes like climate and parent material, the availability of these resources within the ecosystem is controlled by internal factors like decomposition, root competition or shading.

While the resource inputs are generally controlled by external processes like climate and parent material, the availability of these resources within the ecosystem is controlled by internal factors like decomposition, root competition or shading.

More generally, processes close to a massive body run more slowly when compared with processes taking place farther away ; this effect is known as gravitational time dilation.

It is generally the responsibility of states to interpret the law for themselves, but the processes of diplomacy and availability of supra-national judicial organs operate routinely to provide assistance to that end.

Meiosis does not occur in archaea or bacteria, which generally reproduce via asexual processes such as binary fission.

Wet etch processes are generally isotropic in nature, which is often indispensable for microelectromechanical systems, where suspended structures must be " released " from the underlying layer.

Additional processes, such as planning for communications and for scope management, identifying roles and responsibilities, determining what to purchase for the project and holding a kick-off meeting are also generally advisable.

In defending this view, reliabilists ( and externalists generally ) are apt to point to examples from simple acts of perception: if one sees a bird in the tree outside his window and thereby gains the belief that there is a bird in that tree, he might not at all understand the cognitive processes that account for his successful act of perception ; nevertheless, it is the fact that the processes worked reliably that accounts for why his belief is justified.

There exist other physical processes that can lead to a shift in the frequency of electromagnetic radiation, including scattering and optical effects ; however, the resulting changes are distinguishable from true redshift and not generally referred as such ( see section on physical optics and radiative transfer ).

* Patterning covers the series of processes that shape or alter the existing shape of the deposited materials and is generally referred to as lithography.

Such processes, which would take cosmic times to complete, generally can be ignored .".

This process was used to fix atmospheric nitrogen ( N < sub > 2 </ sub >) into nitric acid ( HNO < sub > 3 </ sub >), one of several chemical processes generally referred to as nitrogen fixation.