By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior.

By Late Antiquity, the tradition of Moses being the source of the law in the Pentateuch also gave rise to the tradition of Mosaic authorship, the interpretation of the entire Torah as the work of Moses.

By this time, the Late Egyptian word is reconstructed to have been pronounced whence comes Ancient Greek and then Late Latin.

By then, the dates of the Early Stone Age, or Paleolithic, and Late Stone Age, or Neolithic ( neo = new ), were fairly solid and were regarded by Goodwin as absolute.

By the Late Republican era, increasing competition among the competitive military-political adventurers who ran Rome's nascent empire ensured that triumphs became more frequent, drawn out and extravagant, prolonged in some cases by several days of public games and entertainments.

By the Late Eocene ( 46 million years ago ), the three modern suborders had already developed: Suina ( the pig group ); Tylopoda ( the camel group ); and Ruminantia ( the goat and cattle group ).

By the Late Republic era, Bona Dea's May festival and Aventine temple could have fallen into official disuse, or official disrepute.

By 1851 the " Chaumont suite " of early-16th century Late Gothic tapestries with subjects of courntry life emblemmatic of the triumph of Eternity, closely associated with Chaumont and now at the Cleveland Museum of Art, was still hanging in the " Chambre de Catherine de Médicis "; the tapestries had been cut and pieced to fit the room.

By the Late Empire the settlement was reduced in extent, and referred to as Tricassium or Tricassae, the origin of French Troyes (" three ").

By 1930, he had branched out into writing with works such as A Murder Has Been Arranged and The Late Christopher Bean.

By the Maya mythological tradition, as documented in Colonial Yucatec accounts and reconstructed from Late Classic and Postclassic inscriptions, the deity Itzamna is frequently credited with bringing the knowledge of the calendar system to the ancestral Maya, along with writing in general and other foundational aspects of Maya culture.

By the Late Roman period, notarius came to denote registrars attached to the courts of provincial governors, secretaries of emperors, and the highest class of officials in the privy council and the imperial chancery.

By the Late Republic, manus marriage had become rare, and a woman remained legally a part of her birth family.

* By the Late Middle Ages most European crossbows employed a windlass as a cocking mechanism, which helped to pull heavier crossbows, but were used in England as early as 1215.

By the 1860s, Hughes had grown disenchanted with the materialism of Late Victorian England.

By then end of the Late Woodland period, about 1000, the Miller culture area was absorbed into the succeeding Mississippian culture.

By the Late Triassic, ichthyosaurs consisted of both classic Shastasauria and more advanced, " dolphin "- like Euichthyosauria ( Californosaurus, Toretocnemus ) and Parvipelvia ( Hudsonelpidia, Macgowania ).

By, canids had spread to Africa ( Early Pliocene ) and South America ( Late Pliocene ).

By the Late Middle Ages ( circa 1300 onward ), Latium, the heartland of the Roman Empire, and southern Italy, was poorer than the north.

By 1958, Liberty was close to bankruptcy when Ross Bagdasarian, Sr. convinced them that they might as well press singles of " The Chipmunk Song ( Christmas Don't Be Late )" with the leftover vinyl pucks and labels in their warehouse.

By the end of the Late Cycladic sequence ( ca.

By the Late Classic ( Monte Albán IIIB / IV, ca.

By the High and Late Medieval Era, the Irish annals were listing native musicians, such as the following:

By the time of Classical Antiquity and the Parthian and Sassanid Empires in Iran, iron swords were common.

By the Iron Age, with the associated developments in religion ( the Axial Age ), human sacrifice was becoming less common throughout the Old World, and came to be widely looked down upon as barbaric already in pre-modern times ( Classical Antiquity ).

By that time it was generally thought that the end of the last glacial period marked the first appearance of humanity, but Lyell drew on new findings in his Antiquity of Man to put the origin of human beings much further back in the deep geological past.

By contrast, the Aramaic language came to be the lingua franca of the entire Fertile Crescent, by Late Antiquity developing into the literary languages such as Syriac and Mandaic.

By constraining his choice of subjects to those drawn from the literature of Antiquity, Jean Racine showed himself one of the Ancients.

By Late Antiquity ( c. 3rd-7th century CE ) the Greeks referred to themselves as Rhomaioi (" Romans " () or Romioi ()) since virtually all Greeks were Roman citizens after 212 CE.

By subduing disparate lesser groups the nation has, to some degree at least, broadened the capacity for individual liberty.

By monitoring, we mean some system of control over the types of information sent from the various centers.

By reducing rates as much as 60 per cent, it and its associated railroads hope to win back some of the business they have lost to truckers and barge lines.

By permitting freshman students we might extend the opportunity for such a course to some individuals who otherwise might never get to take it.

By convention in some law reports, the appellant is named first.

By the 27th century BC Egyptian writing had a set of some 24 hieroglyphs which are called uniliterals, to represent syllables that begin with a single consonant of their language, plus a vowel ( or no vowel ) to be supplied by the native speaker.

By some estimates, this might account for most of the internal radiation damage, as the recoil nuclei are typically heavy metals which preferentially collect on the chromosomes.

Proof: By symmetry, it suffices to prove that there is some constant c such that for all bitstrings s

By providing extra storage this modification also allowed some games and applications intended for the BBC Micro to function on the Electron despite the lack of a native Mode 7.

By " art " we may frame several artistic " works " or " creations " as so though this reference remains within the institution or special event which creates it and this leaves some works or other possible " art " outside of the frame work, or other interpretations such as other phenomenon which may not be considered as " art ".

" Caplan comments on the impact of the Supreme Court's decision making it necessary for there to be evidence of guilt in such a plea, " By requiring that there be some evidence of guilt in such a situation, the decision attempts to protect the ' really ' innocent from the temptations to which plea-bargaining and defense attorneys may subject them.

By this time Naples seems to have become tired of his music ; the Romans, however, appreciated it better, and it was at the Teatro Capranica in Rome that he produced some of his finest operas ( Telemaco, 1718 ; Marco Attilio Regolò, 1719 ; La Griselda, 1721 ), as well as some noble specimens of church music, including a mass for chorus and orchestra, composed in honor of Saint Cecilia for Cardinal Acquaviva in 1721.

The album's title song received some pop radio airplay and crossed over to No. 96 on the Billboard Hot 100, and " 1974 ( We Were Young )" and " Saved By Love " also charted as Adult Contemporary songs.

By offering to isolate her in Senex's house, he is able to give Philia and Hero some time alone together, and the two fall in love.

By 1867, it ballooned to over 400 members, including some clubs from as far away as San Francisco and Louisiana.

By 2011, 165 countries had signed the treaty and none are known-though some are still suspected-to possess any biological weapons.

By the turn of the 21st century, Battery Park City was mostly completed, with the exception of some ongoing construction on West Street.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By 1866 the collection consisted of some 10, 000 objects.

By the 1980s, many of Balsall Heath's houses were in a dilapidated condition, some were still without bathrooms or indoor toilets.

By the mid-1980s at least 500 courses in business ethics reached 40, 000 students, using some twenty textbooks and at least ten casebooks along supported by professional societies, centers and journals of business ethics.

By contrast to statutory codification of common law, some statutes displace common law, for example to create a new cause of action that did not exist in the common law, or to legislatively overrule the common law.

By the middle of the decade, some of the 1950s generation of American comedians, such as Jerry Lewis, went into decline, while Peter Sellers found success with international audiences in his first American film The Pink Panther.

By 1900, most of the industrializing nations were on some form of gold standard, with paper notes and silver coins constituting the circulating medium.