By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior.

By Late Antiquity, the tradition of Moses being the source of the law in the Pentateuch also gave rise to the tradition of Mosaic authorship, the interpretation of the entire Torah as the work of Moses.

By this time, the Late Egyptian word is reconstructed to have been pronounced whence comes Ancient Greek and then Late Latin.

By then, the dates of the Early Stone Age, or Paleolithic, and Late Stone Age, or Neolithic ( neo = new ), were fairly solid and were regarded by Goodwin as absolute.

By the Late Republican era, increasing competition among the competitive military-political adventurers who ran Rome's nascent empire ensured that triumphs became more frequent, drawn out and extravagant, prolonged in some cases by several days of public games and entertainments.

By the Late Eocene ( 46 million years ago ), the three modern suborders had already developed: Suina ( the pig group ); Tylopoda ( the camel group ); and Ruminantia ( the goat and cattle group ).

By the Late Republic era, Bona Dea's May festival and Aventine temple could have fallen into official disuse, or official disrepute.

By 1851 the " Chaumont suite " of early-16th century Late Gothic tapestries with subjects of courntry life emblemmatic of the triumph of Eternity, closely associated with Chaumont and now at the Cleveland Museum of Art, was still hanging in the " Chambre de Catherine de Médicis "; the tapestries had been cut and pieced to fit the room.

By the Late Empire the settlement was reduced in extent, and referred to as Tricassium or Tricassae, the origin of French Troyes (" three ").

By Late Antiquity, some Gnostic and Neoplatonist thinkers had expanded this syncretic equation to include Aion, Adonis, Attis, Mithras and other gods of the mystery religions.

By 1930, he had branched out into writing with works such as A Murder Has Been Arranged and The Late Christopher Bean.

By the Maya mythological tradition, as documented in Colonial Yucatec accounts and reconstructed from Late Classic and Postclassic inscriptions, the deity Itzamna is frequently credited with bringing the knowledge of the calendar system to the ancestral Maya, along with writing in general and other foundational aspects of Maya culture.

By the Late Roman period, notarius came to denote registrars attached to the courts of provincial governors, secretaries of emperors, and the highest class of officials in the privy council and the imperial chancery.

By the Late Republic, manus marriage had become rare, and a woman remained legally a part of her birth family.

* By the Late Middle Ages most European crossbows employed a windlass as a cocking mechanism, which helped to pull heavier crossbows, but were used in England as early as 1215.

By the 1860s, Hughes had grown disenchanted with the materialism of Late Victorian England.

By then end of the Late Woodland period, about 1000, the Miller culture area was absorbed into the succeeding Mississippian culture.

By the Late Triassic, ichthyosaurs consisted of both classic Shastasauria and more advanced, " dolphin "- like Euichthyosauria ( Californosaurus, Toretocnemus ) and Parvipelvia ( Hudsonelpidia, Macgowania ).

By, canids had spread to Africa ( Early Pliocene ) and South America ( Late Pliocene ).

By 1958, Liberty was close to bankruptcy when Ross Bagdasarian, Sr. convinced them that they might as well press singles of " The Chipmunk Song ( Christmas Don't Be Late )" with the leftover vinyl pucks and labels in their warehouse.

By the end of the Late Cycladic sequence ( ca.

By the Late Classic ( Monte Albán IIIB / IV, ca.

By the High and Late Medieval Era, the Irish annals were listing native musicians, such as the following:

By far the largest regional market was the Middle East, to which Brazil sold approximately 50 % of its arms from 1977 through 1988.

By the Middle Ages Boudica was forgotten.

By the late Middle Ages these were a near-universal feature of Western churches, but are now very rare.

By the Middle Ages, some writers adopted more relaxed versions of the meter.

By the English Middle Ages the term had been expanded to include not only the message, but also the New Testament which contained the message, as well as more specifically the four books of the Bible in which the life, death and resurrection of Jesus are portrayed.

By the mid-1990s, Ghana Airways operated international scheduled passenger and cargo service to numerous European, Middle Eastern, and African destinations, including London, Düsseldorf, Rome, Abidjan, Dakar, Lagos, Lomé, and Johannesburg.

By the 9th century AD the city of Shiraz was known to produce some of the finest wines in the Middle East.

By 1963, Holden was exporting cars to Africa, the Middle East, South-East Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Caribbean.

By the Middle Bronze Age, increasing numbers of smelted iron objects ( distinguishable from meteoric iron by the lack of nickel in the product ) appeared in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and South Asia.

By the Middle Ages the texts of the prayers were nearly fixed, and in the form in which they are still used today.

By welcoming educated and worldly Jews from both Christian Europe and the Islamic Middle East, Khazars rapidly absorbed many of the arts and technologies of civilization.

By the Middle Preclassic Period ( 900-300 BC ), Olmec artistic styles had been adopted as far away as the Valley of Mexico and Costa Rica.

" By the mid-1970s ," according to The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East, " the idea of Arab unity became less and less apparent in Arab politics, though it remained a wishful goal among the masses.

By the end of the 18th century, in addition to the trivium and quadrivium of the Middle Ages, the definition of a classical education embraced study of literature, poetry, drama, philosophy, history, art, and languages.

By 1901 he had begun to write about spiritual topics, initially in the form of discussions of historical figures such as the mystics of the Middle Ages.

By 1981 overseas construction projects, most of them in the Middle East, accounted for 60 percent of the work undertaken by South Korean construction companies.

By the Middle Ages the shepherd's sling was largely militarily extinct outside the Iberian peninsula, where the Spanish and Portuguese infantry favoured it against light and agile Moorish troops ; a sling projectile, while dangerous even against an armoured opponent, would be lethal against a light and unarmoured foe.

By the Middle Ages the texts of the prayers were nearly fixed, and in the form in which they are still used today.

By 313 BC, Hellenic ideas had begun their almost 250-year expansion into the Near East, Middle East, and Central Asian cultures.

By the end of 1969, the SCA's three original kingdoms had been established: West, East, and Middle.

By the early Middle Ages the Warmians, an Old Prussian tribe, inhabited the area.

By the Middle Kingdom period, as the funeral texts began to be used by members of Egyptian society other than the royal family, the role of Isis as protector also grew, to include the protection of nobles and even commoners.

By the last years of Tamar's reign, the Georgian state had reached the zenith of its power and prestige in the Middle Ages.