By comparing reaction cells sealed from the same manifold temperature dependency corresponding to activation energies ranging from 11 to 18 Af was observed while dependence on the first power of the light intensity seemed to be indicated in most cases.

By endocytosis or phagocytosis, exogenous antigens are taken into the antigen-presenting cells ( APCs ) and processed into fragments.

By volume, the red blood cells constitute about 45 % of whole blood, the plasma about 54. 3 %, and white cells about 0. 7 %.

By the end of the 5th century, there were hundreds of monasteries, and thousands of cells and caves scattered throughout the Egyptian desert.

By contrast, for higher frequency radiations at ultraviolet frequencies and above ( i. e., X-rays and gamma rays ) the damage to chemical materials and living cells by EMR is far larger than that done by simple heating, due to the ability of single photons in such high frequency EMR to damage individual molecules chemically.

By regulating this balance between different cell types, the bone marrow can alter the quantity of different cells to ultimately be produced.

( By contrast, in cell relay networks data is transmitted in short, uniformly sized units called cells.

By rectifying the motion of individual swimming bacteria, microfluidic structures can be used to extract mechanical motion from a population of motile bacterial cells.

By irradiating the area of the tumor with an infrared laser, which passes through flesh without heating it, the gold is heated sufficiently to cause death to the cancer cells.

By understanding the physical and chemical properties of proteins and other macromolecules at the atomic level in various cells in the kidney, novel therapeutic approaches can be designed to combat major renal diseases.

By contrast, in vivo experiments on proteins ' activities within cells or even within whole organisms can provide complementary information about where a protein functions and how it is regulated.

By definition, autologous cells are obtained from one's own body, just as one may bank his or her own blood for elective surgical procedures.

By dint of their structural differences, eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells do not divide in the same way.

By the time the human reaches adulthood, the body consists of close to 100 trillion cells, the basic unit of life.

By further proliferation of the cells lining the flask, buds of cells are formed, which become surrounded and isolated by the invading mesoderm.

By using an improved electrode separator and improved positive electrode, manufacturers claim the cells retain 70 % to 85 % of their capacity after one year when stored at.

By extrapolating the phenomenology of lattice points to the unit cells it is seen that the total number of degrees of freedom is 3pq when p is the number of primitive cells with q atoms / unit cell.

By leaving most of the cells open only at the leading edge, incoming air keeps the wing inflated, thus maintaining its shape.

* Pathogen Reduction treatment that involves, for example, the addition of riboflavin with subsequent exposure to UV light has been shown to be effective in inactivating pathogens ( viruses, bacteria, parasites and white blood cells ) in blood products .< ref > By inactivating white blood cells in donated blood products, riboflavin and UV light treatment can also replace gamma-irradiation as a method to prevent graft-versus-host disease ( TA-GVHD ).

By blastula stage, the methylation of the embryonic cells is complete.

By learning about cells and how they function, you can learn about all types of living things.

By blocking the actions of ACh, muscarinic receptor antagonists very effectively block the effects of vagal nerve activity on the heart.

By lowering the activation energy, the enzyme speeds up that reaction by a rate of 10 < sup > 11 </ sup > or more: a reaction that would normally take over 3, 000 years to complete spontaneously might take less than a second with an enzyme.

By having two different temporal positive feedback loops or “ dual-time switches ” allows for ( a ) increased regulation: two switches that have independent changeable activation and deactivation times ; and ( b ) linked feedback loops on multiple timescales can filter noise.

By determining the timing between the activation of the first and second switches, the velocity of a key press can be determined — greatly improving the performance dynamic of a keyboard.

By sending messages to a method activation can ask questions like " who sent this message to me ".

By adopting a CBT approach, OTs can help clients with SAD engage in pleasurable activities in the winter months ( i. e. behavioral activation ) and help people think more positively ( i. e. cognitive restructuring ).

By the principles of Ayurveda and yoga, the human body is made up of six Chakras of which the Manipura chakra is located at the spine directly behind either the navel or the solar plexus, depending on the system, while its kshetram or superficial activation point is located directly on the navel and represents the element Fire.

By mutating the proteins Gli2 and Gli3, which were especially studied, it was found that Gli2 and Gli3 contain both activation and repression domains, while Gli1 only had activation domains, which were entirely transcriptional.

By coupling sympathetic inhibition and parasympathetic activation, the baroreflex maximizes blood pressure reduction.

By computationally examining both the activation barriers and the activation strains of several different ene reactions involving propene as the ene component, Fernandez and co-workers have found that the barrier decreases along the enophiles in the order H < sub > 2 </ sub > C = CH < sub > 2 </ sub > > H < sub > 2 </ sub > C = NH > H < sub > 2 </ sub > C = CH ( COOCH < sub > 3 </ sub >) > H < sub > 2 </ sub > C = O > H < sub > 2 </ sub > C = PH > H < sub > 2 </ sub > C = S, as the reaction becomes more and more asynchronous and / or the activation strain decreases.

By neutron irradiation of objects it is possible to induce radioactivity ; this activation of stable isotopes to create radioisotopes is the basis of neutron activation analysis.

By looking at the natural fluctuations in the bold pattern while the subject is at rest, the researchers can see which brain regions co-vary in activation together.

By combining increases and decreases, it is possible to make the direction of a wale slant away from vertical, even in weft knitting.

By 1905 it was known that the energy of photoelectrons increases with increasing frequency of incident light and is independent of the intensity of the light.

By doing so, it reduces nitrogen losses by volatilization, accelerates mineralization and increases short-term nitrogen availability for transformation of organic matter into humus.

By 2008, these state-owned corporations had become increasingly dynamic and generated large increases in revenue for the state, resulting in a state-sector led recovery during the 2009 financial crises while accounting for most of China's economic growth.

By the 1960s the requirements of modern technology and further increases in the size of the force meant that it had outgrown its Victoria Embankment headquarters.

By lowering the temperature, the fraction of the superfluid density increases from zero at T < sub > λ </ sub > to one at zero kelvin.

By running over these coins, a kart collects them and increases its top speed.

By integrating varying delivery streams, hybrids enable pay-TV operators more flexible application deployment, which decreases the cost of launching new services, increases speed to market, and limits disruption for consumers.

By lowering VLDL levels, niacin also increases the level of high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) or " good " cholesterol in blood, and therefore it is sometimes prescribed for people with low HDL, who are also at high risk of a heart attack.

By the end of his term, however, Schmidt had turned away from deficit spending, due to a deteriorating economic situation, and a number of welfare cuts were carried out, including smaller increases in child benefits and higher unemployment and health contributions.

By the central limit theorem, this distribution approaches the normal distribution as n increases.

By 1970, income in Britain was more equally distributed than in 1964, mainly because of increases in cash benefits, including family allowances.

By analysing the spectrum of the chromosphere, it was found that the temperature of this layer of the solar atmosphere increases with increasing height in the chromosphere itself.

By the end of the 1980s, management of many large publicly traded corporations reacted negatively to the threat of potential hostile takeovers or corporate raids and pursued drastic defensive measures, including poison pills, golden parachutes and increases in debt levels on the company's balance sheet.

By ordering the codestream in various ways, applications can achieve significant performance increases.

By contrast, the laws of physics dictate that the operating mechanism of a semi-automatic weapon must increase in mass and weight as the cartridge it fires increases in power.

By avoiding prohibitively large subscription fees, this increases the circulation of knowledge and further draws it away from market exchange.

By maintaining the same current and increasing the number of loops or turns of the coil, the strength of the magnetic field increases because each loop or turn of the coil sets up its own magnetic field.

By the end of the Incipient Jōmon phase, around 8, 000 BC, this semi-sedentary culture led to important population increases, so that the Initial Jōmon exhibit some of the highest densities known for foraging populations.

By setting a specific lookahead limit, the algorithm's time can be carefully controlled ; its time increases exponentially as the lookahead limit increases.

By reducing the distortion that increases proportionally with the size of the sheet of paper, the Bureau was able to convert from 12-note printing plates to plates capable of printing 18 notes in 1952.

By tilling, the farmer increases the chance of weed seed germination by the same method as one would for favorable vegetable / crops: the fine soil allows weed seed to grow rapidly by allowing the seed to open and the roots to spread easier than in compacted soil.

By the middle 1990s, with the steady decline of hard disk prices and the corresponding increases in capacity and portability, the cost of hard disk recording systems had dropped to the point where they became affordable for even smaller studios.