The Norse discovery was documented in the 13th century Icelandic Sagas and was corroborated by recent L ' Anse aux Meadows archeological evidence.

Earlier than 900 CE progressing past the 13th century, the population complexes were a major center of culture for the Ancient Pueblo Peoples.

In marked contrast to earlier constructions and villages on top of the mesas, the cliff dwellings at Mesa Verde reflected a region-wide trend towards the aggregation of growing regional populations into close, highly defensible quarters during the 13th century.

Near Kayenta, Arizona, Jonathan Haas of the Field Museum in Chicago has been studying a group of Ancient Pueblo villages that relocated from the canyons to the high mesa tops during the late 13th century.

He asserts that isolated communities relied on raiding for food and supplies, and that internal conflict and warfare became common in the 13th century.

In the 13th century, Ibn al-Nafis wrote his own novel Fadil ibn Natiq, known as Theologus Autodidactus in the West, as a critical response to Hayy ibn Yaqdhan.

When the great reform of the 11th century had put an end to the direct jurisdiction of the lay abbots, the honorary title of abbot continued to be held by certain of the great feudal families, as late as the 13th century and later, the actual head of the community retaining that of dean.

These ideas were found in a number of Kabbalistic works from the 13th century, and also among many mystics in the late 16th century.

The primary sources regarding Asgard come from the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Icelandic Snorri Sturluson, and the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from a basis of much older Skaldic poetry.

Snorri's interpretation of the 13th century foreshadows 20th century views of Indo-European migration from the east.

* Wikisource: Prose Edda / Gylfaginning ( The Fooling Of Gylfe ) by Sturluson, Snorri, 13th century Edda, in English.

The pair are attested in both the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson.

His family, like many Wallaces, claimed a connection to William Wallace, a Scottish patriot and leader during the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 13th century.

Active contact between the Wajin ( the ethnically Japanese ) and the Ainu of Ezochi ( now known as Hokkaido ) began in the 13th century.

A rare High Medieval image of Alfred, 13th century

Dante Alighieri, in the Divine Comedy, recounts that he saw Alfonso's spirit seated outside the gates of Purgatory with the other monarchs whom Dante blamed for the chaotic political state of Europe during the 13th century.

The " Classical Age " in India began with the Gupta Empire and the resurgence of the north during Harsha's conquests around the 7th century CE, and ended with the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire in the south in the 13th century, due to pressure from the invaders to the north.

The Mali Empire began in the 13th century CE, when a Mande ( Mandingo ) leader, Sundiata ( Lord Lion ) of the Keita clan, defeated Soumaoro Kanté, king of the Sosso or southern Soninke, at the Battle of Kirina in c. 1235.

It was compiled by Shimon ha-Darshan in the 13th century CE and is collected from over 50 other midrashic works.

Many sources give the birthplace of Nasreddin as Hortu Village in Sivrihisar, Eskişehir Province, present-day Turkey, in the 13th century, after which he settled in Akşehir, and later in Konya under the Seljuq rule, where he died in 1275 / 6 or 1285 / 6 CE.

Recent archeological discoveries at Bura in southwest Niger and in adjacent southwest Burkina Faso have documented the existence of the iron-age Bura culture from the 3rd century CE to the 13th century CE.

Konjikala was rebuilt because of its advantageous location on the Silk Road and it flourished until its destruction by Mongols in the 13th century CE.

Early references to Wakf in India, can be found in 13th century CE work, Insba-i-Mahru by Aynul Mulk Mulltani, described by historian Ziauddin Barani as one of the officers of Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji ( r. 1290-1296 ) first Indian ruler of the Delhi sultanate and the founder of the Khilji dynasty.

In European manuscripts dating from the 13th century CE, " Ruthenia " is used to describe lands of the Ancient Rus, ie, parts of Eastern Europe.

In the 13th century CE, Abraham Abulafia noted the existence of both of them.

The first who mentions the Fast of Esther is Rabbi Achai Gaon ( Acha of Shabcha ) ( 8th century CE ) in She ' iltot 4 ; the reason there given for its institution is based on an interpretation of, and Talmud Megillah 2a: " The 13th was the time of gathering ", which gathering is explained to have had also the purpose of public prayer and fasting.

Even though there are no records of the Kurdish language prior to the 13th century, the presence of Armenian loanwords indicates that there must have been Kurdish-Armenian contacts by at least 1100 CE.

According to Snorre, the Icelandic author of the Nordic Sagas, who wrote in the 13th century, Odin was supposed to have migrated from the region of the Caucasus or the area just east of the Black Sea near the turn of the 1st century CE.

The dynasty ruled much of the Middle East during the 12th and 13th centuries CE.

This period covers the 7th to 13th centuries CE.

The author of the oldest Sinhalese grammar, Sidatsangarava, written in the 13th century CE, recognized a category of words that exclusively belonged to early Sinhalese.

The carving details of clothes wore by Prajnaparamita, the statue of buddhist goddess of transcendental wisdom from East Java circa 13th century CE.

In the 13th Century CE, a permanent garrison of Mongol troops was quartered in the Kunduz-Baghlan area, and in 1253 fell under the jurisdiction of Sali Noyan Tatar, appointed there by Möngke Khan.

* Vairocana Buddha 13th century CE Image ( Japan )

Joseph ibn Zabara ( end of 12th-beginning of 13th c. CE ), a resident of Barcelona and Catalan speaker, wrote the Sēfer sha ‘ ashū ‘ īm (‘ The Book of Delights ’), in which the author, the narrator, and the protagonist are all Ibn Zabara himself, and in which the episodes are arranged in linear, not cyclical fashion, in a way that anticipates the structure of Spanish picaresque novels such as the anonymous Lazarillo de Tormes ( 1535 ) and Guzmán de Alfarache ( 1599 ) by Mateo Alemán.

Qin was born in Ziyang, Sichuan, his ancestry was from Shandong, and he is now regarded as an outstanding mathematician of the 13th century CE.

In Buddhist commentarial texts ( dating the 5th to 13th centuries CE ) we find the pañcavidha niyama, fivefold niyama which occurs in the following texts:

The Bronze Age settlement was originally situated around Kenfig Castle, but the encroaching sand became too much for the inhabitants in around the 13th century CE, at which time they relocated the village further inland, thereby forming the current village of Kenfig and Marlas.

It passed into Muslim hands late in the 13th century. The Theatre, Priene

André de Longjumeau ( also known as Andrew of Longjumeau in English ) was a 13th century Dominican missionary and diplomat and one of the most active Occidental diplomats in the East in the 13th century.

In the 13th century, the Principality of Anhalt was split off from the Duchy, and later, the remaining state was split into Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg.

Abba Mari ben Moses ben Joseph, was a Provençal rabbi, born at Lunel, near Montpellier, towards the end of the 13th century.

The population at the 2001 census was 31, 705 ( ranked 13th largest in Wales ).

The nearby St John the Baptist Church of the same parish was originally built in the 13th century, with some of the original architecture still intact.

Owing to its geographical location the town was frequently embroiled in the border warfare and power play of the 12th and 13th centuries in the Welsh Marches.

A number of Islamic writers and the 13th century Italian Marco Polo describe how this was obtained by sublimation from zinc ores and condensed onto clay or iron bars, archaeological examples of which have been identified at Kush in Iran.

The 13th century Iranian writer al-Kashani describes a more complex process whereby tutiya was mixed with raisins and gently roasted before being added to the surface of the molten metal.

In Europe a similar liquid process in open-topped crucibles took place which was probably less efficient than the Roman process and the use of the term tutty by Albertus Magnus in the 13th century suggests influence from Islamic technology.

Between the 11th and 13th centuries, the Romanesque style Bonn Minster was built, and in 1597 Bonn became the seat of the Archdiocese of Cologne.

First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia ( 1701 – 1918 ), the German Empire ( 1871 – 1918 ), the Weimar Republic ( 1919 – 1933 ) and the Third Reich ( 1933 – 1945 ).

It is beyond dispute, however, that the game, at any rate in a rudimentary form, was played in the 13th century.

The apparent setting of Joshua is the 13th century ; this was a time of widespread city-destruction, but with a few exceptions ( Hazor, Lachish ) the destroyed cities are not the ones the Bible associates with Joshua, and the ones it does associate with him show little or no sign of even being occupied at the time.

The story can be compared to that of a 13th century Hittite king who was forced to take the throne after a lifetime of loyalty when his life was in danger: like David, he was assisted by his god, whose divine will decided the course of events.

By the 13th century, the city was an important port, with a mixed Basque and Gascon population.

It was constructed in the 12th and 13th centuries.

A mile from Bolventor there was a chapel of St Luke ( from the 13th to the early 16th century ): the font is now at the church of Tideford.

Old Khmer ( or Angkorian Khmer ) is the language as it was spoken in the Khmer Empire from the 9th century until the weakening of the empire sometime in the 13th century.

The golden age of Khmer civilization, however, was the period from the 9th to the 13th centuries, when Khmer Empire, which gave Kampuchea, or Cambodia, its name, ruled large territories from its capital in the region of Angkor in western Cambodia.