Philosopher Igor Primoratz provides four reasons why he believes that state terrorism is typically morally worse than non-state terrorism.

Philosopher Robert Nozick argues that Rand's foundational argument in ethics is unsound because she does not explain why someone could not rationally prefer dying and having no values.

Philosopher of religion Keith Ward has said scientism is philosophically inconsistent or even self-refuting, as the truth of the statements " no statements are true unless they can be proven scientifically ( or logically )" or " no statements are true unless they can be shown empirically to be true " cannot themselves be proven scientifically, logically, or empirically.

Philosopher Douglas Kellner traces the identification of American exceptionalism as a distinct phenomenon back to 19th century French observer Alexis de Tocqueville, who concluded by agreeing that the U. S., uniquely, was " proceeding along a path to which no limit can be perceived.

Philosopher Ayn Rand argued that the notion of a fetus having a right to life is " vicious nonsense " and stated, " An embryo has no rights ... a child cannot acquire any rights until it is born.

Philosopher Murray Rothbard wrote that " no being has a right to live, unbidden, as a parasite within or upon some person's body " and that therefore the woman is entitled to eject the fetus from her body at any time.

Joseph Wright of Derby, A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, 1766, a Conversation piece ( paintings ) | conversation piece with no portraits and with the full seriousness of the history painting.

The claim that follows is that the Philosopher burned his book in light of the belief that no one besides a member of the Ahlul Bayt could say something like this and that he must truly be the eleventh Imam from this lineage.

Mahfouz ' concern with the nature of time was no accident, as he had studied the French Philosopher Henri Bergson as an undergraduate, and was also deeply impressed by Proust's Remembrance of Things Past, Proust being another of Bergson's admirers.

* Joseph Haydn – Symphony no 22 (" Philosopher ")

Philosopher David Buller agrees with the general argument that the human mind has evolved over time but disagree with the specific claims evolutionary psychologists make.

Philosopher George Santayana defines fanaticism as " redoubling your effort when you have forgotten your aim "; according to Winston Churchill, " A fanatic is one who can't change his mind and won't change the subject ".

Philosopher Jonathan Glover warns that belief systems are like whole boats in the water ; it is extremely difficult to alter them all at once ( e. g. it may be too stressful, or people may maintain their biases without realizing it )

Aristotle is referred to as " The Philosopher " by Scholastic thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas.

Philosopher G. H. R. Parkinson notes a common objection to Kant's argument: that what ought to be done does not necessarily entail that it is possible.

Philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer argued that concepts are " mere abstractions from what is known through intuitive perception, and they have arisen from our arbitrarily thinking away or dropping of some qualities and our retention of others.

In response to Hobbes, the French Philosopher Rene Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ) developed Cartesian Dualism, which posits that there is a divisible, mechanical body and an indivisible, immaterial mind which interact with one another.

Naturalistic dualism comes from Australian Philosopher, David Chalmers ( born 1966 ) who argues there is an explanatory gap between objective and subjective experience that cannot be bridged by reductionism because consciousness is, at least, logically autonomous of the physical properties upon which it supervenes.

Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche suggested that egoistic or " life-affirming " behavior stimulates jealousy or " ressentiment " in others, and that this is the psychological motive for the altruism in Christianity.

Galen saw himself as both a physician and a philosopher, as he wrote in his treatise entitled That the Best Physician is also a Philosopher.

Galen was concerned to combine philosophical thought with medical practice, as in his brief work That the Best Physician is also a Philosopher.

Philosopher Albert Meltzer proposed that individualist anarchism differs radically from revolutionary anarchism, and that it " is sometimes too readily conceded ' that this is, after all, anarchism '.

Philosopher George Bernard Shaw initially had flirtations with individualist anarchism before coming to the conclusion that it was " the negation of socialism, and is, in fact, unsocialism carried as near to its logical conclusion as any sane man dare carry it.

Philosopher s of law ask " what is law?

Also of note is the work of the contemporary Philosopher of Law Ronald Dworkin who has advocated a constructivist theory of jurisprudence that can be characterized as a middle path between natural law theories and positivist theories of general jurisprudence.

Philosopher Gottfried Leibniz said that love is " to be delighted by the happiness of another.

Philosopher Mary Midgley, among others, argues that materialism is a self-refuting idea, at least in its eliminative form.

Philosopher Stephen Maitzen has called this the " Heaven Swamps Everything " theodicy, and argues that it is false because it conflates compensation and justification.

After the burning of the Tuileries Palace on May 23, 1871, Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche himself meditated about the " fight against culture ", wondering what could justify culture if it were to be destroyed in such a " senseless " manner ( the arguments are: culture is justified by works of art and scientific achievements ; exploitation is necessary to those achievements, leading to the creation of exploited people who then fight against culture.

* 427 BC: Philosopher Plato is born

* Philosopher Tommaso Campanella organizes an uprising in Calabria against the rule of the Spanish viceroy ; he is captured, tortured and sentenced to 27 years in jail.

People did not have to choose one or the other and in Biblia Americana Mather looked at the Bible through a scientific perspective, the complete opposite of when he wrote The Christian Philosopher, in which he decided to approach science in a religious manner ( Smolinski 280-281 ).

Philosopher Peter Hallward argues that they are an aristocratic form of politics.

Famous scholastics such as Aquinas believed him to be so important they did not refer to him by name, simply calling him " The Commentator " and calling Aristotle " The Philosopher.

Khayyam, for example, tried to derive it from an equivalent postulate he formulated from " the principles of the Philosopher " ( Aristotle ): " Two convergent straight lines intersect and it is impossible for two convergent straight lines to diverge in the direction in which they converge.

Philosopher Daniel Dennett responded to criticism of his book Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon by saying that " when someone puts forward a scientific theory that critics really don't like, they just try to discredit it as ' scientism '".

Philosopher John Rawls, in his A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), developed a " second principle of justice " that economic and social inequalities can only be justified if they benefit the most disadvantaged members of society.

Although orientalists have always given importance to Khattak in their findings but they have not ever presented a detailed life story of Khushal Khan. Khushal khan was not only a great poet but at the same time he was equally great Writer, Religious Scholar, Hakim, Philosopher, Military Commander and Administrator.

After their baptism they were forced to use Roman and Greek letters in the transcription of their Slavic words but these were not suitable ... At last, God, in his love for mankind, sent them St. Constantine the Philosopher, called Cyril, a learned and upright man, who composed for them thirty-eight letters, some ( 24 of them ) similar to the Greek, but some ( 14 of them ) different, suitable to express Slavic sounds.

Philosopher and encyclopedist Mortimer Adler includes all such second-order questions about various fields of study, which are often found under various branches of philosophy beginning with the phrase " philosophy of ....", in his taxonomy.

Eighteen " Philosopher All-Stars " baseball cards ( as seen in the film ) are also included.

Philosopher Nayef Al-Rodhan argues that previous concepts of civilizations, such as Samuel P. Huntington's arguments supporting a coming " clash of civilizations ," are misconstrued.

Philosopher Stephen Pepper also distinguished between theories and models, and said in 1948 that general models and theories are predicated on a " root " metaphor that constrains how scientists theorize and model a phenomenon and thus arrive at testable hypotheses.

But the Character and Philosopher is what he seems to pretend to, and to be a good deal conceited of: the Others are put on to comply with Les Manieres du Monde, but that you are to suppose his real characteristic ; and I can't but fancy he is a great Pretender in All kinds of Science, as well as that he really has acquired an uncommon Share in some '.

Philosopher and historian of science Thomas Samuel Kuhn argued that scientists are strongly committed to their beliefs, theories and methods ( the collection of which he termed " paradigms "), and that science progresses mainly by paradigm shifts.

* Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche argued that kindness and love are the " most curative herbs and agents in human intercourse ".

Philosopher Giovanni Gentile postulated free will which is metaphysically libertarian to exist in that all apparently extental determinations are fully self-created.

Philosopher John Searle suggests that, despite the " opaque prose " and lofty claims of Giroux, he interprets the goal of Giroux's form of critical pedagogy " to create political radicals ", thus highlighting the contestable and antagonistic moral and political grounds of the ideals of citizenship and " public wisdom "; these varying moral perspectives of what is " right " are to be found in what John Dewey has referred to as the tensions between traditional and progressive education.

Among the works listed by the Suda there are Homeric Questions ; Whether Homer is a Philosopher ; Homeric Problems and Solutions ; and two publications on Attic diction.

This is how women are compared to men, as the Philosopher says ( Ethic.

Philosopher Jonathan Glover says that beliefs are always a part of a belief system, and that belief systems are difficult to completely revise.

They are predominantly known for their hits, " Philosopher " and " Grandmother Says ".

Joseph Wright of Derby was mainly a portrait painter who also was one of the first artists to depict the Industrial Revolution, as well as developing a cross between the conversation piece and history painting in works like An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump ( 1768 ) and A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery ( c. 1766 ), which like many of his works are lit only by candlelight, giving a strong chiaroscuro effect.

The Philosopher Kings are a Canadian band who were most commercially successful in the late 1990s.

Philosopher Jacques Derrida, whose texts are considered difficult even by fellow scholars, explained that " In order to unfold what is implicit in so many discourses, one would have each time to make a pedagogical outlay that is just not reasonable to expect from every book.