It was first described, in 1874, by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum in Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein ( Catatonia or Tension Insanity ).

In 1874 German scientist Karl Ferdinand Braun discovered the " unilateral conduction " of crystals.

In 1874, German literary historian Karl Elze dated both The Tempest and Henry VIII — traditionally labeled as Shakespeare's last plays — to the years 1603 – 04.

Under the influence of this doctrine, and of Phenomenology, the Hungarian-born German sociologist Karl Mannheim ( 1893 – 1947 ) gave impetus to the growth of the sociology of knowledge with his Ideologie und Utopie ( 1929, translated and extended in 1936 as Ideology and Utopia ), although the term had been introduced five years earlier by the co-founder of the movement, the German philosopher, phenomenologist and social theorist Max Scheler ( 1874 – 1928 ), in Versuche zu einer Soziologie des Wissens ( 1924, Attempts at a Sociology of Knowledge ).

However, the print runs of these rather expensive albums did not come close to that produced in 1909 by the German publisher Karl Robert Langewiesche ( 1874 – 1931 ): His choice of watercolours, drawings and text by Carl Larsson, titled Das Haus in der Sonne ( The House in the Sun ), immediately became one of the German publishing industry's best-sellers of the year-40, 000 copies sold in three months, and more than 40 print runs have been produced up to 2001.

Karl Rudolf Hagenbach ( March 4, 1801 – June 7, 1874 ) was a Swiss church theologian and historian.

The rectifying property of crystals was discovered in 1874 by Karl Ferdinand Braun, and crystal detectors were developed and applied to radio receivers in 1904 by Jagadish Chandra Bose, G. W. Pickard and others.

* Karl Kraus ( 1874 – 1936 ), writer

* Karl, Prince of Bavaria ( 1874 – 1927 ).

* Karl Marx-visited Ryde for health reasons in the summer of 1874, staying in Nelson Street.

* 1874: Karl Schenk

Karl Kraus ( April 28, 1874 – June 12, 1936 ) was an Austrian writer and journalist, known as a satirist, essayist, aphorist, playwright and poet.

) subsequently entitled Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung ( History of German poetry ; 5th edition, by Karl Bartsch, 1871 – 1874 ) brought him the appointment to a regular professorship of history and literature at Göttingen.

* Karl Heim, theologian ( 1874 – 1958 )

Karl married on 7 Jan 1895 in Herdringen, Arnsberg to Countess Elisabeth Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht ( 1874 – 1909 ), they had no children.

Later came Peter Cornelius ( Der Barbier von Bagdad, 1858 ), Hermann Goetz ( Der Widerspänstigen Zähmung, 1874 ) and Karl Goldmark ( Die Königin von Saba, 1875 ).

He left behind him at his death a mass of unpublished notes, part of which has been collected and published by his disciples Heinrich Ahrens ( 1808 – 1874 ), Hermann Karl, Freiherr von Leonhardi ( 1809-1875 ), Guillaume Tiberghien ( 1819-1901 ) and others.

* Karl Michael von Wrangel ( Karl Yegorovich Wrangel, 1794 – 1874 ), Baron Russian cavalry general

Many of Maurenbrecher's works are concerned with the Reformation, among them being England im Reformationszeitalter ( Düsseldorf, 1866 ); Karl V. und die deutschen Protestanten ( Düsseldorf, 1865 ); Studien und Skizzen zur Geschichte der Reformationszeit ( Leipzig, 1874 ); and the incomplete Geschichte der Katholischen Reformation ( Nördlingen, 1880 ).

Karl Gustav Homeyer ( August 13, 1795-October 20, 1874 ), German jurist, was born at Wolgast in Pomerania.

Elisabeth Franziska first married Ferdinand Karl Viktor, archduke of Austria-Este ( 1821 – 1849 ), and later Karl Ferdinand, archduke of Austria-Teschen ( 1818 – 1874 ).

Her correspondence with David Veit and with Karl August was published in Leipzig, in 1861 and 1874 – 1875 respectively.

The discovery of crystals ' rectifying abilities was made by German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874.

Later recipients included Thomas Babington Macaulay ( 1853 ), John C. Frémont ( 1860 ), Theodor Mommsen ( 1868 ), Charles Darwin ( 1868 ), Thomas Carlyle ( 1874 ) ( who never accepted any other honor ), Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ( 1875 ), William Thomson, Lord Kelvin ( 1884 ), Heinrich von Treitschke ( 1887 ), Johannes Brahms ( 1887 ), Giuseppe Verdi ( 1887 ), William Henry Flower ( 1899 ), Camille Saint-Saëns ( 1901 ), Luigi Cremona ( 1903 ), John Singer Sargent ( 1908 ), Ferdinand von Zeppelin ( 1910 ), Otto Lessing ( sculptor ) ( 1911 ), Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen ( 1911 ), Sir William Ramsay ( 1911 ), Max Planck ( 1915 ), and Rudolph Sohm ( 1916 ).

In 1874 Ferdinand de Rothschild bought a site near the Tramway's Waddesdon station to use as a site for his planned country mansion of Waddesdon Manor.

The house was built in the Neo-Renaissance style of a French château between 1874 and 1889 for Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild ( 1839 – 1898 ).

In 1874, Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild bought a large estate in the area and built the mansion of Waddesdon Manor on a hill-top above the village.

See also Briefe von Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Moritz Haupt an Ferdinand Wolf (" Letters by Hoffmann von Fallersleben and Moritz Haupt to Ferdinand Wolf ", 1874 ); J. M. Wagner, Hoffmann von Fallersleben, 1818-1868 ( 1869 – 1870 ), and R. von Gottschall, Porträts und Studien (" Portraits and Studies ", vol.

Max Ferdinand Scheler ( August 22, 1874 – May 19, 1928 ) was a German philosopher known for his work in phenomenology, ethics, and philosophical anthropology.

* Jean d ' Orléans ( 1874 – 1940 ) grandson of Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans

The famous names in the ornithology of the Indian subcontinent during this era include Andrew Leith Adams ( 1827 – 1882 ), Edward Blyth ( 1810 – 1873 ), Edward Arthur Butler ( 1843 – 1916 ), Douglas Dewar ( 1875 – 1957 ), N. F. Frome ( 1899 – 1982 ), Hugh Whistler ( 1889 – 1943 ), H. H. Godwin-Austen ( 1834 – 1923 ), Col. W. H. Sykes ( 1790 – 1872 ), C. M. Inglis ( 1870 – 1954 ), Frank Ludlow ( 1885 – 1972 ), E. C. Stuart Baker ( 1864 – 1944 ), Henry Edwin Barnes ( 1848 – 1896 ), F. N. Betts ( 1906 – 1973 ), H. R. Baker, W. E. Brooks ( 1828 – 1899 ), Margaret Cockburn ( 1829 – 1928 ), James A. Murray, E. W. Oates ( 1845 – 1911 ), Ferdinand Stoliczka ( 1838 – 1874 ), Valentine Ball ( 1843 – 1894 ), W. T. Blanford ( 1832 – 1905 ), J. K. Stanford ( 1892 – 1971 ), Charles Swinhoe ( 1836 – 1923 ), Robert Swinhoe ( 1836 – 1877 ), C. H. T. Marshall ( 1841 – 1927 ), G. F. L. Marshall ( 1843 – 1934 ), R. S. P. Bates, James Franklin ( 1783 – 1834 ), Satya Churn Law, Arthur Edward Osmaston ( 1885 – 1961 ), Bertram Beresford Osmaston ( 1868 – 1961 ), Wardlaw Ramsay ( 1852 – 1921 ) and Samuel Tickell ( 1811 – 1875 ).

File: Ferdinand_Stolička. jpg | Ferdinand Stoliczka ( 1838 – 1874 )

In 1874, with Ferdinand Tiemann, he succeeded in synthesising vanillin from coniferyl alcohol.

Biographies of Willems have been written by Ferdinand Augustijn Snellaert ( Ghent, 1847 ) and Max Rooses ( Antwerp, 1874 ).

* Archduke Peter Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany ( 1874 – 1948 ).

** Ferdinand Brock Tupper ( 1795 – 1874 ), a British author

Ferdinand Brock Tupper ( 1795 – 1874 ), was one of the leading historians of the Channel Islands.

Her second marriage, on 18 April 1854, in Vienna, was to her first cousin Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria ( 1818 – 1874 ) by whom she had six children:

En route, he called at Madras where, in a little less than three months, he met Mrs Elizabeth Braun, née Martin ( 1794 – 1874 ), marrying her the day before he sailed to Malacca.

Operant conditioning, sometimes called instrumental learning, was first extensively studied by Edward L. Thorndike ( 1874 – 1949 ), who observed the behavior of cats trying to escape from home-made puzzle boxes.

Stone observed the transit of Venus of 1874 at the Cape, and organized the government expeditions for the corresponding event in 1882.

Thus in 1857 he went to Peru in order to determine the magnetic equator ; in 1861 – 1862 and 1864, he studied telluric absorption in the solar spectrum in Italy and Switzerland ; in 1867 he carried out optical and magnetic experiments at the Azores ; he successfully observed both transits of Venus, that of 1874 in Japan, that of 1882 at Oran in Algeria ; and he took part in a long series of solar eclipse-expeditions, e. g. to Trani ( 1867 ), Guntur ( 1868 ), Algiers ( 1870 ), Siam ( 1875 ), the Caroline Islands ( 1883 ), and to Alcosebre in Spain ( 1905 ).

Before Koplik, the German internist Carl Jakob Adolf Christian Gerhardt ( 1833-1902 ) in 1874, the Danish physician N. Flindt in 1879, and the Russian Nil Filatov ( 1847-1902 ) in 1895, had observed equivalent phenomena.

In 1874 he observed the Venus transit from the island of Réunion, although in bad weather.