In the 1990s, Jürgen Schmidhuber described an algorithmic theory of beauty which takes the subjectivity of the observer into account and postulates: among several observations classified as comparable by a given subjective observer, the aesthetically most pleasing one is the one with the shortest description, given the observer ’ s previous knowledge and his particular method for encoding the data.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber Work on Gödel Machines: Self-Referential Universal Problem Solvers Making Provably Optimal Self-Improvements

Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 2000 ) constructed a limit-computable " Super Omega " which in a sense is much more random than the original limit-computable Omega, as one cannot significantly compress the Super Omega by any enumerating non-halting algorithm.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 2000 ).

* Limit-computable Super Omega more random than Omega and generalizations of algorithmic information, by Jürgen Schmidhuber

Edward Fredkin ( 1980s ), Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 1990s ), Stephen Wolfram ( A New Kind of Science ) and others have expanded on it.

Jürgen Schmidhuber, however, says the " set of mathematical structures " is not even well-defined, and admits only universe representations describable by constructive mathematics, that is, computer programs.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber, " The ensemble of universes describable by constructive mathematics.

Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 1997 ) has argued against this view ; he points out that Gödel's theorems are irrelevant for computable physics.

* Schmidhuber, Jürgen ( 2010 ).

Traditional Turing machines cannot edit their previous outputs ; generalized Turing machines, as defined by Jürgen Schmidhuber, can.

* Time line of greatest breakthroughs in manned flight by Jürgen Schmidhuber, Nature 421, 689, 2003

* Computer history's stride towards an expected Omega Point by Jürgen Schmidhuber, from " The New AI: General & Sound & Relevant for Physics, In B. Goertzel and C. Pennachin, eds.

Jürgen Schmidhuber ( born 17 January 1963 in Munich ) is a computer scientist and artist known for his work on machine learning, universal Artificial Intelligence ( AI ), artificial neural networks, digital physics, and low-complexity art.

de: Jürgen Schmidhuber

Low-Complexity Art was introduced by Jürgen Schmidhuber in 1997.

A computational universe is proposed by Jürgen Schmidhuber in a paper based on Konrad Zuse's assumption ( 1967 ) that the history of the universe is computable.

Jürgen Schmidhuber modifies error back propagation algorithm to change neural network weights in order to decrease the mismatch between anticipated states and states actually experienced in the future ( Schmidhuber-Adaptive curiosity and adaptive confidence, 1991 ).

Various methods for doing so were developed in the 1980s and early 1990s by Paul Werbos, Ronald J. Williams, Tony Robinson, Jürgen Schmidhuber,

# redirect Jürgen Schmidhuber

Jürgen Schmidhuber argues that " Although Tegmark suggests that '... all mathematical structures are a priori given equal statistical weight ', there is no way of assigning equal nonvanishing probability to all ( infinitely many ) mathematical structures ".

* Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 1997 ) " A Computer Scientist's View of Life, the Universe, and Everything " in C. Freksa, ed., Foundations of Computer Science: Potential-Theory-Cognition.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber " The ensemble of universes describable by constructive mathematics.

In the 1960s, Jürgen Habermas raised the epistemological discussion to a new level in his Knowledge and Human Interests, by identifying critical knowledge as based on principles that differentiated it either from the natural sciences or the humanities, through its orientation to self-reflection and emancipation.

When, in the 1970s and 1980s, Jürgen Habermas redefined critical social theory as a theory of communication, i. e. communicative competence and communicative rationality on the one hand, distorted communication on the other, the two versions of critical theory began to overlap or intertwine to a much greater degree than before.

Minister of Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety Jürgen Trittin reached an agreement with energy companies on the gradual phasing out of the country's nineteen nuclear power plants and a cessation of civil usage of nuclear power by 2020.

He had spoken at the Frankfurt Römerberggespräche, and was on his way to the Max Planck Institute for the Study of the Scientific-Technical World in Starnberg, on invitation from second-generation Frankfurt School theorist Jürgen Habermas.

The plane flew on via Larnaca to Dubai, and then to Aden, where flight captain Jürgen Schumann, whom the hijackers deemed not cooperative enough, was brought before an improvised " revolutionary tribunal " and executed on 16 October.

His first film productions were for German television, and it was during his work on the popular German Tatort ( Crime Scene ) TV series that he first met and worked with the actor Jürgen Prochnow — who would later appear as the U-boat captain in Petersen's famous Das Boot.

In particular, Jürgen Habermas admonishes the influence of Heidegger on recent French philosophy in his polemic against " postmodernism " in The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity ( 1985 ).

The deportation of the Jews of the Warsaw Ghetto began on 22 July 1942, which was the 9th of Av, Tisha B ' Av, according to the Jewish calendar: " According to the SS Brigadeführer Jürgen Stroop report, a total of approximately 310, 000 Jews were transported in freight trains from the Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka during the period from 22 July to 3 October 1942.

Philosopher Jürgen Habermas has described Foucault as a " crypto-normativist ", covertly reliant on the very Enlightenment principles he attempts to deconstruct.

In the second half of 20th century, substantial contributions and formalizations have been made by Europeans such as Jürgen Aschoff and Colin Pittendrigh, who pursued different but complementary views on the phenomenon of entrainment of the circadian system by light ( parametric, continuous, tonic, gradual vs. nonparametric, discrete, phasic, instantaneous, respectively ; see this historical article, subscription required ).

Jürgen Habermas criticized the conservatism of previous hermeneutics, especially Gadamer, because the focus on tradition seemed to undermine possibilities for social criticism and transformation.

Rommel counselled Hitler to allow a full retreat to a defensible line but was denied, and on 9 March Rommel left Tunisia to be replaced by Jürgen von Arnim, who had to spread his forces over of northern Tunisia.

His reign length — as preserved in the damaged Turin King List — was disputed in the past with Jürgen von Beckerath reading the damaged figure on the papyrus fragment as only 13 years in his 1964 work Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten, while both Alan Gardiner — in The Royal Canon of Turin ( 1959 )— and Kenneth Kitchen in his 1987 paper " The Basics of Egyptian Chronology in Relation to the Bronze Age at the ' High, Middle or Low '" University of Göteborg convention maintained that it was 23 years.

The people of northern Dithmarschen began to meet in 1447 " auf der Heide " (" on the heath "); later, the Council of the 48 — representatives of the most important families and the central decision body of Dithmarschen — met at St. Jürgen.

In the 65th minute, Argentina's Pedro Monzon was sent off for a foul on Jürgen Klinsmann, the first player ever to be sent off in a World Cup Final.

On 11 January 2008 Jürgen Klinsmann was named as Hitzfeld's successor, taking charge on 1 July 2008.

The players ' quarters opened in 1990 and were reconstructed after the 2007 – 08 season on suggestions by the new coach, Jürgen Klinsmann, who took inspiration from various major sports clubs.

Since the 1960s the Frankfurt School has been guided by Jürgen Habermas ' ( born 1929 ) work on communicative reason, linguistic intersubjectivity and what Habermas calls " the philosophical discourse of modernity ".

Hans Jürgen Eysenck ( 4 March 1916 – 4 September 1997 ) was a German-British psychologist who spent most of his career in Britain, best remembered for his work on intelligence and personality, though he worked in a wide range of areas.