By the Naturalisation Act 1870, it was made possible for British subjects to renounce their nationality and allegiance, and the ways in which that nationality is lost are defined.

By 1870, The Joseph Dixon Crucible Company was the world ’ s largest dealer and consumer of graphite and later became the contemporary Dixon Ticonderoga pencil and art supplies company.

By way of example, and following Germany's decision after the Franco-Prussian War ( 1870 – 1871 ) to extract reparations to facilitate a move to the gold standard, Japan gained the needed reserves after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 – 1895.

By September 1870, the blockade was finally abandoned altogether for the winter, and the French Navy retired to ports along the English Channel, remaining in port for the rest of the war.

By 1870 the population in the states served by the Oregon Trail and its offshoots increased by about 350, 000 over their 1860 census levels.

By around 1870, palm oil constituted the primary export of some West African countries, such as Ghana and Nigeria, although this was overtaken by cocoa in the 1880s.

By 1870, the League had more than one hundred branches, mostly in cities and peopled largely by men of trades unions and working men's organisations.

By 1870 after the Civil War, the total population decreased slightly to 10, 313, but the number of blacks rose to 6610, or 64 % of the total.

By May 1870 the District railway had opened its line from West Brompton to Blackfriars via Gloucester Road and South Kensington, services being operated at first by the Metropolitan.

By the end of the Prussian Kingdom in 1870, over 3 million people lived in the Ruhrgebiet and the new coal-mining district had become the largest industrial region of Europe.

By comparison, the county had 15, 714 residents in 1870, 20 % of whom were White.

By 1870 the game as described in England used a mixture of French and English words and spellings:

: By 1870, the words used in the game were a mixture of French and English words and spellings.

By 1870, there was a Chinese population of 200.

By 1870, it was a thriving town full of small businesses ( many owned by the Sharp family ), a school, post office, and Union Guard Armory.

By 1840 the town ’ s population had dropped to 2, 269 and by 1870 it was down to 1, 759.

By 1870, the District's population had grown 75 % from the previous census to nearly 132, 000 residents.

By 1870, however, much of the excess population of the region had been drained off to other mining rushes and returns on claims had fallen somewhat.

By 1870, Schaumburg Township had become completely German.

By 1870 17 % of Jeffersonville residents were foreign-born.

By 1870, Richmond ( Wayne Township ) had surpassed Centerville in business, population, and tax revenue.

By 1870, there was a Methodist church and a school, and Oliver Tyson had purchased the mill and expanded it, adding a flour mill.

By 1870, when the population was 725, it had two post offices — Rome and Belgrade Mills.

By 1870, the community had a population of 1, 191.

By that date, the following nations had deposited instruments of definitive adherence to the pact: Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Romania, the Soviet Union, the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, Siam, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey.

By 1842, four of the other American colonies were incorporated into Liberia, and one was destroyed by indigenous people.

By the 1840s, the ACS was effectively bankrupt ; Liberia had become a financial burden for it.

By 1909, Liberia faced serious external threats to its sovereignty from the European colonial powers over unpaid foreign loans and annexation of its borderlands. http :// www. globalsecurity. org / military / ops / liberia. htm

By mid-2003, LURD controlled the northern third of the country and was threatening the capital, MODEL was active in the south, and Taylor's government controlled only a third of the country: Monrovia and central Liberia.

By early 2003, LURD had gained control of northern Liberia.

By the summer, Taylor's government controlled only about a third of Liberia: Monrovia and the central part of the country.

By mid-1990 most of Liberia was controlled by rebel factions.

By 1867, the ACS had assisted in the movement of more than 13, 000 Americans to Liberia.

By 1924 the Chief Justice J. J. Dossen of Liberia wrote to UNIA conveying the government's support: " The President directs me to say in reply to your letter of June 8 setting forth the objects and purposes of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, that the Government of Liberia, appreciating as they do the aims of your organization as outlined by you, have no hesitancy in assuring you that they will afford the Association every facility legally possible in effectuating in Liberia its industrial, agricultural and business projects.

By 1849 Garnet began to support emigration of blacks to Mexico, Liberia, or the West Indies, where he thought they would have more opportunities.

By the late 20th century, Liberia became a major stopping point for tourists traveling to the Pacific Coast beaches of Guanacaste.

By 1905, African soil was almost completely controlled by European governments, with the only exceptions being Liberia ( which had been settled by African-American former slaves ) and Ethiopia ( which had successfully resisted colonization by Italy ).

By 2006-2007, Tearfund had teams working in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, Afghanistan, Liberia, Darfur, Indonesia, Pakistan and Kenya, caring for people affected by conflicts and natural disasters.

By January 2001, however, Taylor ’ s forces were pushed back inside Sierra Leone and Liberia.

By 1996, the presence of Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS ) peacekeepers allowed for the cessation of hostilities, resulting in the 1997 general election, which Sirleaf returned to her native Liberia to contest.

By failing to do as he was told instantly -- to take out a permit or return the gun to his car -- he had played into Lord's hands.

By 1898, rustling losses had been driven down to the lowest level ever seen in Wyoming.

By the death of his father in 1888 he had come into possession of the family estate and had re-assumed its traditions.

By the time Lilian had been graduated from public school, her parents were doing quite well.

) By the time the streetcar pulled away, he had fallen in love with Paula.

By this time she had learned that it was futile to argue with her young husband, yet the uncomfortable fact remained: the American Congregationalists were sending them as missionaries to the Far East and paying their salaries.

By the age of six young Johnny indicated that he had the call.

By September 1940 the Suite had developed into a collection of six songs, `` four spirituals, a dream, and a lullaby ''.

By now he had become Regius Professor of Modern History at Cambridge and had been honored by the award of the Order of Merit.

By both standards Thomas had the right to be proud.

By June 19, 1788, he had presented himself to its Commander in Chief, the Governor of the Southern Provinces, the Director of the War College -- The Prince.

By 1783 her legions had managed to annex the Crimea amid scenes of wanton cruelty and now, in this second combat with the Crescent, were aiming at suzerainty over all of the Black Sea's northern shoreline.

By this time word had got around that an American doctor was on the premises.

By this time Woodruff had accurately measured Pike as a man of great personal pride, a man who would fly into a towering rage if his integrity were questioned, and who would be anxious to avenge himself.

By 1834 the art of oratory had reached a very high level in the United States as a literary form.

By the time he was under the covers he had forgotten about seeing Kate.

By 1937 he had clarified his intentions to serve his people: `` I have striven for clarity and melodious idiom, but at the same time I have by no means attempted to restrict myself to the accepted methods of harmony and melody.

By the time the film was released we were three million dollars over-spent, war was imminent and the public apparently had forgotten all about Mother Cabrini.

By this time Churchill was not so cordial toward moving Poland westward as he had been at Teheran, where he and Eden had both heartily approved the idea.

By December, 1958, when ' Abdallah Ibrahim became President of the Council, elections had even greater importance.

By 800 social and cultural security had been achieved, at least on a simple plane ; ;

By this time large numbers of the audience had left the hall.