By convention in some law reports, the appellant is named first.

By convention, the top strand is written from the 5 ' end to the 3 ' end ; thus, the bottom strand is written 3 ' to 5 '.

By convention, the bicyclic β-lactams are numbered starting with the position occupied by sulfur in the penams and cephems, regardless of which atom it is in a given class.

By convention the products form the numerator.

By modern convention, enclosures are numbered from the centre outwards.

By convention, a calendar year consists of a natural number of days.

) By convention, L ( P, P )

By direct substitution, the solution to this equation can be readily shown to be the scalar Green's function, which in the spherical coordinate system ( and using the physics time convention ) is:

By convention, unknowns are denoted by letters at the end of the alphabet, x, y, z, w, …, while knowns are denoted by letters at the beginning, a, b, c, d, ….

By convention, the charge carried by electrons is deemed negative, and that by protons positive, a custom that originated with the work of Benjamin Franklin.

By historical convention, a positive current is defined as having the same direction of flow as any positive charge it contains, or to flow from the most positive part of a circuit to the most negative part.

By convention, electric engine refers to a railroad electric locomotive, rather than an electric motor.

By convention, letters at the beginning of the alphabet ( e. g. ) are typically used to represent constants, and those toward the end of the alphabet ( e. g. and ) are used to represent variables.

By convention, the charge of an electron is − 1, while that of a proton is + 1.

By convention the subroutine expected this and the first thing it did was to overwrite its final jump instruction with that address so that it returned.

( By modern convention, the sequence begins with F < sub > 0 </ sub > = 0.

By convention, this may only be advised by the Prime Minister.

By convention, the longest serving state governor holds a dormant commission, allowing an assumption of office to commence whenever a vacancy occurs.

By convention, the Prime Minister is appointed to this Council and advises as to which parliamentarians shall become ministers and parliamentary secretaries.

By law and Southern social convention, household heads were adult, white propertied males, and all white women and all African Americans were thought to require protection and guidance because they lacked the capacity for reason and self-control.

By convention the audience realises that the character's speech is unheard by the other characters on stage.

By defying the convention of painting on an upright surface, he added a new dimension by being able to view and apply paint to his canvases from all directions.

By convention, one of these, the Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England, establishes the position of zero degrees longitude.

By convention, the carbon atoms are numbered from 1 to x along the backbone, starting from the end that is closest to the C =

By convention, physical quantities are organized in a dimensional system built upon base quantities, each of which is regarded as having its own dimension.

By comparison, Stone Harbor bird sanctuary's allies seem less formidable, for aside from the Audubon Society, they are mostly the snowy, common and cattle egrets and the Louisiana, green, little blue and black-crowned herons who nest and feed there.

By this time there is little doubt but what election plans were complete.

By 1960 there were such schools in all but 4 states.

By themselves they may not be able to save the life on this planet, but without them there would be very little left worth saving.

By saying `` another emotional death '', she reveals that there has been a previous one, although she has not described it in words.

I grinned at him, handed him a couple of dollars and said, `` By the time you get the parking charge figured up, there should be a cigar in it for you ''.

By 335 BC he had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum.

By 1840 there were still only ten colonial bishops for the Church of England ; but even this small beginning greatly facilitated the growth of Anglicanism around the world.

By 1903 the Liberals were so dominant that there was no longer an organized opposition in Parliament.

By 1073 there were only two Englishmen in episcopal sees, and by the time of William's death in 1089, there was only one, Wulfstan II of Worcester.

Proof: By symmetry, it suffices to prove that there is some constant c such that for all bitstrings s

By its terms the boundary between Alfred ’ s and Guthrum ’ s kingdoms was to run up the River Thames, to the River Lea ; follow the Lea to its source ( near Luton ); from there extend in a straight line to Bedford ; and from Bedford follow the River Ouse to Watling Street.

By the 1850s when they first came into sustained contact by outside groups, there were estimated 7, 000 Adamanese, divided into the following major groups:

By his zeal and exertions – for there were many conflicting interests to reconcile – he adjusted the affair in a manner at once creditable to his judgment and fortunate for his country.

By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built space, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.

" Caplan comments on the impact of the Supreme Court's decision making it necessary for there to be evidence of guilt in such a plea, " By requiring that there be some evidence of guilt in such a situation, the decision attempts to protect the ' really ' innocent from the temptations to which plea-bargaining and defense attorneys may subject them.

By the end of the 18th century there were no factories or mills and only a few small cottage industries along the border with Zurich.

By the mid-nineteenth century there were Wesleyan, Primitive Methodist, United Free Methodist, Congregationalist, Baptist, Swedenborgian, Unitarian, Roman Catholic and Catholic Apostolic churches in the town.

By the 2nd century there were also famous Christian ascetics, such as Saint Thecla.

By the 15th century there is evidence for the renewed use of lidded cementation crucibles at Zwickau in Germany.

By the 6th century AD there is evidence of the foundation of a Bavarian stem duchy whose leadership was related to the ruling Frankish ( and possibly Alemannic / Swabian ) houses.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By 1950, there were only 100, 000 monolingual Bretons, and a rapid decline since, with likely no monolingual speakers left today.