* July 26 – Pharaoh Ptolemy XIV of Egypt ( last date mentioned alive ) ( b. 60 BC / 59 BC )

* Pharaoh Ptolemy XIV of Egypt ( or 60 BC ) ( d. 44 BC )

* Pharaoh Cleopatra VII promotes her younger brother Ptolemy XIV of Egypt to co-ruler.

* Prince Ptolemy of Egypt, later Pharaoh Ptolemy XIV of Egypt ( or 59 BC ) ( d. 44 BC )

Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father, Ptolemy XII Auletes, and later with her brothers, Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV, whom she married as per Egyptian custom, but eventually she became sole ruler.

After Mithridates raised the siege of Alexandria, Caesar defeated Ptolemy's army at the Battle of the Nile, Ptolemy XIII drowned in the Nile and Caesar restored Cleopatra to her throne, with another younger brother Ptolemy XIV as her new co-ruler.

Cleopatra, Ptolemy XIV and Caesarion visited Rome in the summer of 46 BC.

When Ptolemy XIV died – allegedly poisoned by his older sister – Cleopatra made Caesarion her co-regent and successor and gave him the epithets Theos Philopator Philometor (= Father-and motherloving God ).

This lowers the numbering of all the later Ptolemies, until Caesarion is Ptolemy XIV ; the nicknames are unchanged, of course.

# Ptolemy XIV

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< div style =" background :# cdc ; text-align: center ; border: 1px solid # 676 ;" class =" NavHead "> Ancestors of Ptolemy XIV of Egypt

* Ptolemy XIV Theos Philopator II entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith

Berenice was the daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes and probably Cleopatra V Tryphaena, sister of the famous Cleopatra VII ( lover of Roman Triumvirs Julius Caesar and Mark Antony ), Arsinoe IV, Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV.

# REDIRECT Ptolemy XIV of Egypt

In 1679 he published a star map ; in addition to the 48 constellations of Ptolemy, and the additions of more recent astronomers such as Plancius, he added two constellations of his own, in honour of his patron, Louis XIV ; Lilium ( the Lily, representing the emblem of France ) and Sceptrum et Manus Iustitiae ( the Sceptre and the Hand of Justice, depicting the regal symbols ).

# REDIRECT Ptolemy XIV of Egypt

The Ptolemaic dynasty, (, sometimes also known as the Lagids or Lagides,, from the name of Ptolemy I's father, Lagus ) was a Macedonian Greek royal family which ruled the Ptolemaic Empire in Egypt during the Hellenistic period.

The Hellenistic astronomers Hipparchus ( c. 150 BC ) and Ptolemy ( c. AD 150 ) subdivided the day sexagesimally and also used a mean hour, simple fractions of an hour (,, etc.

He further connected this toxrï with the ethnonym Tócharoi (, Ptolemy VI, 11, 6, 2nd cent.

Ptolemy III Euergetes, (, Ptolemaĩos Euergétēs, reigned 246 BC – 222 BC ) was the third ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt.

Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar (, Ptolemaios IEʹ Philopatōr Philomētōr Kaisar ; ; June 23, 47 BC – August 23, 30 BC ), better known by the nicknames Caesarion (;, Kaisariōn, literally " little Caesar "; ) and Ptolemy Caesar (;, Ptolemaios Kaisar ; ), was the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt, who reigned jointly with his mother Cleopatra VII of Egypt, from September 2, 47 BC.

Ptolemy Philadelphus (, " Ptolemy the brother-loving ", August / September 36 BC – 29 BC ) was a Ptolemaic prince and was the youngest and fourth child of Greek Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, and her third with Roman Triumvir Mark Antony.

Ptolemy I Soter I (, Ptolemaĩos Sōtḗr, i. e. Ptolemy ( pronounced ) the Savior ), also known as Ptolemy Lagides, c. 367 BC – c. 283 BC, was a Macedonian general under Alexander the Great, who became ruler of Egypt ( 323 BC – 283 BC ) and founder of both the Ptolemaic Kingdom and the Ptolemaic Dynasty.

Ptolemy V Epiphanes (, Ptolemaĩos Epiphanḗs, reigned 204 – 181 BC ), son of Ptolemy IV Philopator and Arsinoe III of Egypt, was the fifth ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty.

Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator (, Ptolemaĩos Néos Philopátōr ) was an Egyptian king of the Ptolemaic period.

Being called Buto by the Greeks during Ptolemaic Egypt, a Greek dynasty ruling from 305 to 30 BC, it was the capital town, or according to Herodian, merely the principal village of the Nile Delta, which Herodotus ( l. c .) calls the Chemmite nome ; Ptolemy, the Phthenothite nome (, iv.

Müller called the languages " Tocharian " ( German Tocharisch ), linking this toxrï with the ethnonym Tókharoi (, Ptolemy VI, 11, 6, 2nd cent.

Calisia (, ) was a " station " on so-called " Amber Road ", mentioned by Ptolemy, formerly universally identified with Kalisz in Poland.

Ptolemy Neos Dionysos Theos Philopator Theos Philadelphos ( 117 – 51 BC ;, spoken Ptolemaios Néos Diónusos Theós Philopátōr Theós Philádelphos ≈ New Dionysus, God Beloved of his Father, God Beloved of his Brother ), more commonly known as " Auletes " (, Aulētḗs = the Flutist ) or " Nothos " (, Nóthos = the Bastard ), was an Egyptian king of Macedonian descent.

Ptolemy Apion or simply known as Apion (, between 150 BC & 145 BC-96 BC ) was the last Greek Cyrenaean King and was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty.

Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II (, Ptolemaĩos Euergétēs ) ( c. 182 BC – June 26, 116 BC ), nicknamed, Phúskōn, Physcon (" Sausage ", " Potbelly " or " Bladder ") for his obesity, was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt.

Ptolemy IX Soter II or Lathyros (" grass pea ") (, Ptolemaĩos Sōtḗr Láthuros ) was king of Egypt three times, from 116 BC to 110 BC, 109 BC to 107 BC and 88 BC to 81 BC, with intervening periods ruled by his brother, Ptolemy X Alexander.

Ptolemy IV Philopator ( Greek:, Ptolemaĩos Philopátōr, reigned 221 – 205 BCE ), son of Ptolemy III and Berenice II of Egypt was the fourth Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt.

Ptolemy VI Philometor ( Greek:, Ptolemaĩos Philomḗtōr, ca.

Ptolemy XI Alexander II (, Ptolemaĩos Aléxandros ) was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty who ruled Egypt for a few days in 80 BC.

Ptolemy X Alexander I (, Ptolemaĩos Aléxandros ) was King of Egypt from 110 BC to 109 BC and 107 BC till 88 BC.

Another possibility, raised in an essay by the Swedish fantasy writer and editor Rickard Berghorn, is that the name Alhazred was influenced by references to two historical authors whose names were Latinized as Alhazen: Alhazen ben Josef, who translated Ptolemy into Arabic ; and Abu ' Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham, who wrote about optics, mathematics and physics.

Before the mention of Alemanni in the time of Caracalla, you would search in vain for Alemanni in the moderately detailed geography of southern Germany in Claudius Ptolemy, written in Greek in the mid-2nd century ; it is likely that at that time, the people who later used that name were known by other designations.

Ptolemy Philometor, who was Alexander's father-in-law, went over to his side, and Alexander was defeated in the battle of Antioch ( 145 BC ) in Syria, sometimes known as the battle of the Oenoparus.

He fled for refuge to a Nabataean prince, who murdered him and sent his head to Ptolemy Philometor, who had been mortally wounded in the engagement.

His third wife was the Greek Ptolemaic Princess Theoxena, who was the second daughter of Berenice I from her first husband Philip and was a stepdaughter of Ptolemy I Soter.

Ptolemy, who must come the closest to representing indigenous names, lists the Lochra River just south of a feature he calls the " sandy shore " on the southwest coast.

He tells how Ptolemy " placed in a circle around the statue Homer all the cities who laid claim to Homer " and mentions a painting of the poet by the artist Galaton, which apparently depicted Homer in the aspect of Oceanus as the source of all poetry.

This heliocentric theory contradicted the ideas of Greek-Egyptian astronomer Ptolemy ( second century A. D .), who stated that the Earth is the center of the universe.

Section 112 ), describes the Pharos and how it was a key landmark to his subduing Ptolemy XIV's armies ( 48 BC ), describing its strategic importance in his sentences " Now because of the narrowness of the strait there can be no access by ship to the harbour without the consent of those who hold the Pharos.

A careful study of Classical writings on the interior of the Sahara begins with Ptolemy, who mentions two rivers in the desert: the " Gir " and farther south, the " Ni-Gir ".

* Ptolemy ( c. 90c. 168 ), who compiled Greek and Roman knowledge to produce the book Geographia.

Claudius Ptolemy (;, Klaudios Ptolemaios ; ; AD 90 – AD 168 ) was a Greek-Roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek.

Although Abu Ma ' shar al-Balkhi | Abu Ma ' shar believed Ptolemy to be one of the Ptolemaic dynasty | Ptolemies who ruled Egypt after the conquest of Alexander the Great | Alexander the title ‘ King Ptolemy ’ is generally viewed as a mark of respect for Ptolemy's elevated standing in science.

Perhaps for no other reason than the association of name, the 9th century Persian astronomer Abu Ma ' shar assumed Ptolemy to be member of Egypt's royal lineage, stating that the ten kings of Egypt who followed Alexander were wise " and included Ptolemy the Wise, who composed the book of the Almagest ".

Ptolemy, one of the six somatophylakes ( bodyguards ) who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC.

The year is stated as the ninth year of Ptolemy V's reign ( equated with 197 / 196 BC ), and it is confirmed by naming four priests who officiated in that same year: Aëtus son of Aëtus was priest of the divine cults of Alexander the Great and the five Ptolemies down to Ptolemy V himself ; his three colleagues, named in turn in the inscription, led the worship of Berenice Euergetis ( wife of Ptolemy III ), Arsinoe Philadelpha ( wife and sister of Ptolemy II ) and Arsinoe Philopator, mother of Ptolemy V. However, a second date is also given in the Greek and hieroglyphic texts, corresponding to, the official anniversary of Ptolemy's coronation.